Control Of Appetite Flashcards
(13 cards)
Where is the appetite centre?
Hypothalamus
What is the appetite centre called?
Arcuate nucleus
What are the 2 types of neurones in it?
Primary and secondary
What is the primary neurone split into?
Excitatory and inhibitory
What does the excitatory neurone release?
NPY = neuropeptide Y AgRP = agouti related peptide
What does the inhibitory neurone release?
POMC= pro-opimelanocortin
What can POMC be enzymatically cleaved into?
B-endorphin
Adrenocorticotrophin hormone
a-melanocyte stimulating hormone (a-MSH)
When is ghrelin released?
It is released from an empty stomach wall and stimulates appetite (excitatory neurone)
When is PYY released?
When the small intestine is stretched, it suppresses appetite (excitatory)
How does leptin work?
Released from apiocytes in fat stores, stimulates inhibitory neurones and inhibits stimulatory neurones.
Also induces uncoupling proteins in mitochondria therefore production of heat not ATP
How does amylin work ?
Secreted with insulin from Bcells. Suppresses appetite and decreases glucagon. Also slows gastric emptying.
Define metabolic syndrome
Group of symptoms including insulin resistance, dyslipidaemia, glucose intolerance and hypertension associated with central adiposity. The co-occurrence in the same individual of a number of cardiovascular risk factors, such as dyslipidaemia and hypertension usually in association with overweight or obesity and a sedentary lifestyle is known as the ‘metabolic syndrome’
What is an epigenetic trait?
An epigenetic trait is a stably inherited phenotype resulting from changes in a chromosome without alterations in the DNA sequence
