CONTROL ST2 Flashcards
(34 cards)
where is the cervical enlargement on the spinal cord?
C3-T1. the ventral grey horn is fatter.
where do you do a lumbar puncture?
between L3 and L4 usually
where does the epidural space terminate in an adult?
coccyx. the filum terminal is attached.
where do you find more white matter in the spinal cord?
in the cervical region
where is the lumbar enlargement of the spinal cord?
L2-S3. the ventral grey horn is fatter.
where does the dorsal white matter start to be arranged into two clumps?
T6 and above - the gracile and cuneate tubercles form.
what does the dorsal column turn into after decussation in the medulla
the medial lemniscus, which runs through the pons.
what is a lacunar infarct?
a deep infarct (of brain!)
what’s a TACI?
total anterior circulation infarct
what’s a POCI
posterior circulation infarct
what is BRIGHT ON CT
BONE
what is BRIGHT ON MRI
FAT (T1 weighted) or FLUID (T2 weighted) (FAT BLOOD BRIGHT ON MRI)
what is DARK ON CT
air
what is DARK on MRI
fluid (T1) or fat (T2)
what epidermal layer is missing from thin skin?
STRATUM LUCIDUM
what do Merkel cells do?
act as mechanoreceptors
what do Langherhans cells do?
help with immunology
where does squamous cell carcinoma arise?
stratum spinosum / granulosum of the epidermis
what’s the least common and most dangerous form of skin cancer?
melanoma, arising from the melanocytes at the basal layer
what is a rete ridge?
downgrowths of the epidermis into the dermis. these occur in the papillary layer, which is above the reticular layer of the dermis.
what are the 5 epidermal layers, deep to superficial?
stratum basale, spinosum, granulosum, lucidum, corneum
what does a pacinian corpuscle do
looks like an onion, quite deep - in dermis, VERY FAST, does deep pressure, vibration, mechanical distortion
what does a Meissner’s corpuscle do?
in the papillary dermis (higher up than Pacinians), FAST, does fine discriminatory touch.
what do Ruffini endings do?
in dermis, SLOW, stretching and shearing
