Controlling

Question 1

Includes assessing and regulating performance in accordance with the plans that have been adopted, the instructions issued and the principles established

Answer 1

Controlling

Question 2

It provides information about how well processes & people function so they can be motivated to perform better in future

Answer 2

Controlling

Question 3

During the controlling phase of the management process:

Answer 3

-Performance is measured against predetermined standards
- And action is taken to correct discrepancies between these standards and actual performance

Question 4

Functions in controlling are:

Answer 4

1. the periodic evaluation of unit philosophy, mission, goals and objectives
2. The measurement of individual and group performance against preestablished standards
3. and the auditing of patient goals and outcomes

Question 5

A specific type of controlling refers to activities that are used to evaluate, monitor, or regulate services rendered to consumers

Answer 5

Quality Control

Question 6

The Hallmarks of Effective Quality Control Programs

Answer 6

1. Support from top level administration
2. Commitment by the organization in terms of fiscal and human resources
3. Quality goals reflect search for excellence rather than minimums
4. Process is ongoing (continuous)

Question 7

Reasons for Conducting Evaluation

Answer 7

1. Ensures that quality nursing care is provided
2. Allows for the setting of sensible objectives and ensures compliance with them
3. Provides standards for establishing comparisons
4. Promotes visibility and a means for employees to monitor their own performance
5. Highlights problems related to quality care and determines the areas that require priority attention
6. Provides an indication of the costs of poor quality
7. Justifies the use of resources
8. Provides feedback for improvement

Question 8

Tool is free from bias

Answer 8

Objectivity

Question 9

Tool is accurate

Answer 9

Reliability

Question 10

Tool is relevant

Answer 10

Validity

Question 11

Tool can measure fine lines of differences among the criteria being measured

Answer 11

Sensitivity

Question 12

Characteristics of an Evaluation Tool

Answer 12

1. Objectivity
2. Reliability
3. Validity
4. Sensitivity

Question 13

Focus on the structure or management system used by the agency to deliver care

Answer 13

Structure Standards

Question 14

Ensure safe and effective environment, but they do not address the actual care provided

Answer 14

Structure Standards

Question 15

Staffing ratios, staffing mix, emergency department wait times, and the availability of fire extinguishers in patient care areas are examples of what type of performance standards?

Answer 15

Structure standards

Question 16

Action of the nurse relative to the nursing process

Answer 16

Process standards

Question 17

Measure how nursing care is provided

Answer 17

Process standards

Question 18

Tends to be task oriented and focus on whether practice standards are being fulfilled

Answer 18

Process audits

Question 19

May be documented in patient care plans, procedure manuals, or nursing protocol statements

Answer 19

Process standards

Question 20

Designed to measure the results of care provided

Answer 20

Outcome standards

Question 21

End result of care

Answer 21

Outcome standards

Question 22

Determine what results, if any, occurred as a result of specific nursing interventions for patients

Answer 22

Outcome standards

Question 23

Reflect the end result of care or how the patient’s health status changed as a result of an intervention

Answer 23

Outcome

Question 24

She was advocating the evaluation of patient outcomes when she used mortality and morbidity statistics to publicize the poor quality of care during the crimean war

Answer 24

Florence Nightingale

Question 25

Creates accountability for nurses as professionals and is important in developing nursing as a profession

Answer 25

Nursing sensitive

Question 26

An ongoing, repetitive process with the actual frequency dependent on the type of activity being measured

Answer 26

Measuring actual performance

Question 27

Maybe scheduled in advance/maybe done at periodic but announced intervals

Answer 27

Measuring Actual Performance

Question 28

Performance should match with standards & objectives

Answer 28

Comparing results of performance with standards & objectives

Question 29

Corrective actions are applied to improve performance

Answer 29

Reinforcing Strengths & Taking Corrective Action

Question 30

Employee's performance is evaluated against standards

Answer 30

Performance Appraisal

Question 31

Reflects how well the nursing personnel have performed during a specific period of time

Answer 31

Performance Appraisal

Question 32

Generate information for salary adjustments, promotions, transfers, disciplinary actions, and terminations

Answer 32

Performance Appraisal

Question 33

Occurs when the appraiser lets one or two positive aspects of the assessment or behavior of the employee excessively influence all other aspects of the employee's performance

Answer 33

Halo effect

Question 34

Occurs when the appraiser allows some negative aspects of the employee's performance to influence the assessment to such an extent that other levels of job performance are not accurately recorded

Answer 34

Horns Effect

Question 35

Is hesitant to risk true assessment and therefore rates all employees as average

Answer 35

The central tendency trap

Question 35

Is a pattern in which those who begin with advantage accumulate more advantage over time and those who begin with disadvantage become more disadvantaged over time.

Answer 35

Matthew effect

Question 36

May consist of "incidental observation" of performance while the worker is engaged in performing nursing care

Answer 36

Informal appraisal

Question 36

The appraiser describes in narrative form an employee's strengths & areas where improvement is needed

Answer 36

Essay

Question 36

Performed as the free-form review

Answer 36

Essay

Question 36

Accomplished regularly and methodically by collecting objective facts that can demonstrate the difference between what was expected and what was done

Answer 36

Formal Appraisal

Question 37

It is time consuming, and some appraisers simply write better than others

Answer 37

Essay

Question 38

The appraiser ranks the employees according to how he fared with co-workers with respect to qualifications

Answer 38

Ranking

Question 39

Composed of many behavioral statements that represent desirable job behaviors

Answer 39

The weighted scale

Question 39

A complication of all nursing performances expected of a worker

Answer 39

Checklists

Question 40

Requires the supervisor to select an undesirable and a desirable behavior for each employee

Answer 40

The forced checklist

Question 41

Composed of numerous words or phrases describing various employee behaviors or traits

Answer 41

The simple checklist

Question 42

These descriptors are often clustered to represent different aspects of one dimension of behavior, such as assertiveness or interpersonal skills

Answer 42

The simple checklist

Question 43

Includes a series of items representing the different tasks or activities in the nurse's job description or the absence or presence of desired behaviors and the extent to which these are possessed

Answer 43

Rating Scale

Question 44

The evaluator will choose the statement that best/least describes the nurse being evaluated

Answer 44

Forced-Choice Comparison

Question 45

Describes the nurse's experience with a group or a person, or in validating technical skills and interpersonal relationships

Answer 45

Anecdotal Recording

Question 46

May be done by peers (employees of the same profession, rank and setting evaluating another's job performance against accepted standards

Answer 46

Peer Review

Question 47

Process of evaluation that is applied to the health care system and the supplying of health care services by health workers

Answer 47

Quality assurance

Question 48

A continuous ongoing measurement and evaluation process that includes structure, process, and outome

Answer 48

Quality Improvement Program

Question 49

Process of measuring products and services against those of best-performing organizations

Answer 49

Benchmarking

Question 49

The degree to which health services for individuals & population increase the likelihood of desired health outcomes

Answer 49

Quality of Care

Question 49

Documentation of the quality of nursing care in relation to the standards established by the nursing department

Answer 49

Nursing audit

Question 50

Patient care is observed and evaluated

Answer 50

Concurrent

Question 51

Patient care is evaluated thru review of discharged patient's chart & questionnaires sent to or interviews on discharged patients

Answer 51

Retrospective

Question 52

A collegial evaluation of the performance done to promote excellence in practice

Answer 52

Peer Review

Question 52

Attempt to identify how future performance will be affected by current interventions

Answer 52

Prospective

Question 53

Group of workers doing similar work who meet regularly, voluntarily on normal working time under the leadership of their supervisor

Answer 53

Peer Review

Question 54

Measure how nursing care is provided or how the care was carried out

Answer 54

Process audit

Question 54

Monitors the structure or setting in which patient care occurs such as the finances, nursing service structure, medical records, and environmental structure

Answer 54

Structure Audit

Question 55

Used to provide a tool to assess deviations from accepted best practice process standards

Answer 55

Process audit

Question 56

Determines what results if any, occurred as a result of specific nursing intervention for patients

Answer 56

Outcome Audit

Question 57

Considered to be the most valid indicators of quality care

Answer 57

Outcome Audit

Question 57

A sound disciplinary program must be tailored to the objectives of the institution

Answer 57

Disciplinary Approach

Question 57

A constructive and effective means by which employees take personal responsibility for their own performance and behavior

Answer 57

Discipline

Question 58

A sound disciplinary program must be tailored to the objectives of the institution.

Answer 58

Disciplinary Approach

Question 59

The employee is counseled regarding expectations of improved performance, ways of correcting the problem and a warning that a repetition of the same offense may warrant further disciplinary action.

Answer 59

Counselling and Oral Warning/Informal Reprimand

Question 60

This reprimand includes an informal meeting between the employee and the manager to discuss the broken rule or performance deficiency.

Answer 60

Counselling and Oral Warning/Informal Reprimand

Question 61

This includes the statement of the problem, identification of the rule which was violated, consequences of continued deviant behavior, and the employee’s commitment to take corrective action, and any follow-up action to be taken.

Answer 61

Written warning/formal admonishment

Question 62

This is very specific about what rules or policies have been violated, the potential consequences if behavior is not altered to meet organizational expectations, and the plan of action that the employee is expected to take to achieve expected change.

Answer 62

Written warning/Formal admonishment

Question 63

gives the employee the opportunity to reflect on the behavior and to plan how he or she might modify the behavior in the future.

Answer 63

Suspencion

Question 64

is given after an evidence of oral and written warnings

Answer 64

Suspension over a minor violation

Question 65

Is applied when management feels that the employee can still be rehabilitated.

Answer 65

Suspension rather than dismissal

Question 66

Invoked only when all disciplinary efforts have failed

Answer 66

Dismissal

Question 67

should always be the last resort when dealing with poor performance

Answer 67

Termination