Controversy- Scientific Status Of Psychology Flashcards
(16 cards)
What are our 4 themes?
Benefits of being a science to society and economy
Changing nature of science
Cost of being a science
Methodologies used by the various approaches
Para 1- methodologies used by various approaches- features of science?
F- falisifiable: can be proven right or wrong by being tested
O- objectivity: free from bias
R- replicabicability: reproduce a study exactly reliable and consistent
C- control: observe affect of manipulation to establish a cause and effect
E- emprical: theories based on evidence collected by direct observation and experiment
Para 1- methodologies used by various approaches- approaches not scientific?
Psychodynamic- uses case study’s, bias (bowlby) this means it’s not repetable so can’t be falsified
Positive- no control in Reaserch due to no emprical evidence e.g. who is happy
Para 1- methodologies used by various approaches- approaches that are scientific?
Biological- has all the forces, brain scans have high control Raine, neurotransmitters
Behaviorist- falsifiable, replicable and control. Little Albert was a controlled observation but it is subjective
Para 1- methodologies used by various approaches- conclusion?
The fact that many methods use different investigations so trying to draw scientific conclusions about psychology is problematic, each approach investigates behaviour differently some are some aren’t
Para 2- benefits of being a science to society and the economy For?
Early psychologists sought to create a science of psychology to give disciple credibility to be able to provide objective, emprical evidence to support theories of human behaviour that were created
Drug therapy- without et people would be institutionalized, p<0.01 so all studies due to 1% change, saved 22.5 mill to the NHS
CBT- impacted society due to mentally ill getting better and less reliance on ewt
Para 2- benefits of being a science to society and the economy against?
When Reaserch lacks scientific rigour, unfounded claims made about humans behaviour that can be harmful to society
Freud- opedius and electra complex, believing that we are attracted to the opposite sex parent, very bold and isn’t able to be proved
Para 2- benefits of being a science to society and the economy against?
When Reaserch lacks scientific rigour, unfounded claims made about humans behaviour that can be harmful to society
Freud- opedius and electra complex, believing that we are attracted to the opposite sex parent, very bold and isn’t able to be proved
Para 2- benefits of being a science to society and the economy Against?
Scientific method allows for a separation of fact and opinion, objectivity m scientific evidence leads to greater understanding of human behaviour
W/o it consequences can be harmful
Para 3- changing nature of science?
Wundt- created first psychology lab in 1879 to get more scientific psychological status
Psychodynamic- moved away from wundts ideas using case studies
Behaviourism- scientific observations moving towards
Humanism- moved away focus on self
Cognitive and biological- scientific methodology experiments and objective
Positive p- study pos psychology in a scientific but not always successful way
Cog neuroscience- peak science brain scans etc
Para 3- changing nature of science paradgym shift?
Paradym- a shared set if beliefs and assumptions with agreed methodology
Paradigm shift- as a result of the scientific revolution, a change in dominant unifiyinh theory with scientific discipline
Para 3- changing nature of science for?
Scientific methodology’s constantly being refined and improved
E.g. whunts behaviourism cognitive biological and cognitive neuroscience
Rapidly wanting to be a scientific and has been a paradygym shift
Para 3- changing nature of science against?
Not all psychological theory’s continued to develop alongside science and technology, psychodynamic humanists no positive, don’t evolve as a science as hostile to paradigms
Para 3- changing nature of science conclusion?
Psychology’s moved from psychological investigation and noe towards science using objectivity and empiricism
But to solidify this all have to follow same regime
Para 4- cost of being a science?
Although it has benefits it does have drawbacks, if we constantly try to fit our findings into the demands of scientific investigation we loose sight in what we are originally trying to investigate
-It may be impossible to stay objective we are humans trying to look for something
We can have different alternatives to science like deternamisn- demonstrate cause and effect and understanding the control of our world and reductionism- reducing findings dieners to simple variable to manipulate
And finally- focus on generalising rather than individual
-Over years there’s been a drive for science but the true behaviour can’t be studied
Conclusion?
Overall psychology is a science and should be as some aproches use scientific criteria (FORCE)
This has many benefits like costs
But paradigm shifts can draw us back
