Coordinated vascular responses Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Coordinated vascular responses Deck (21)
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1
Q

Where is the cardiovascular centre located?

A

Medulla oblongata

2
Q

How does cardiovascular centre regulate cardiac and vascular activity?

A

Through nervous and endocrine system

3
Q

What does the cardiovascular centre regulate?

A

HR and SV, BV diameter

4
Q

Where does the cardiovascular centre receive signals from?

A

Cerebral cortex, limbic system and hypothalamus

5
Q

What type of receptors monster joint movements?

A

Proprioceptors

6
Q

What receptors monitor blood acidity?

A

Chemoreceptors

7
Q

What receptors monitor BP?

A

Baroreceptors

8
Q

What neurotransmitters are used in sympathetic pathways?

A

Adrenaline, noradrenaline, dopamine

9
Q

What neurotransmitters are used in parasympathetic pathways?

A

Acetylcholine

10
Q

What receptors control the effects of the parasympathetic and sympathetic pathways?

A

G coupled receptors

11
Q

How does the sympathetic NS increase contractility in cardiomyocytes?

A

Noradrenaline stimulates adrenoreceptors, this activates G coupled receptor which activates adenylcylase which phosphorylated phospholamban which inhibits SERCA (more Ca2+ out), this causes a positive ino/chronotropic effect and increase contractility

12
Q

What is humeral control?

A

Hormonal

13
Q

What is the effect of angiotensin II on vasculature?

A

Vasoconstriction

14
Q

What is the effect of lying down on circulation?

A

Blood is every distributed in veins this increases central venous pressure and EDV, this increases SV which increases pulse pressure and BP

15
Q

What is VR?

A

Venous return - the volume of blood returning to right side of heart

16
Q

Describe the events if inspiration?

A

Diaphragm contracts and rid cage moves up and out.

Thoracic cavity volume increases, pressure decreases, air pulled into lungs

17
Q

What allows blood to be pumped up the veins in the leg?

A

Skeletal muscle contraction

18
Q

Hypoxia:

a) increases pulmonary and systemic circulation
b) increases pulmonary and decreases systemic circulation
c) decreases pulmonary and increases systemic circulation
d) decreases pulmonary and systemic circulation

A

b

19
Q

What occurs during the red line reaction (step 1) of response of lewis?

a) spreading redness beyond the red line due to axon reflex
b) local vasodilation due to the release of histamine
c) local swelling due to increased capillary permeability due to histamine release

A

b

20
Q

What is the effect of phospholamban phosphorylation in cardiomyocytes?

a) positive ino/chronotropic effect - increase contractility
b) negative ino/chronotropic effect - increase contractility
c) negative ino/chronotropic effect - decrease contractility
d) positive ino/chronotropic effect - decrease contractility

A

a

21
Q

How does lying down effect SV?

A

Increase