COPD and Asthma

Question 1

List the SABA (Short-Acting Beta Agonist) (TAMPL)

Answer 1

Albuterol 
Tetrabutline 
Metaprotenol
Pirbuterol
Levabuterol

Question 2

List the LABA (Long-Acting Beta Agonist) (ISOF)

Answer 2

Formoterol
Salmeterol
Indacaterol
Vilanterol 
Oldaterol

Question 3

What are the two drugs categories used for asthma

Answer 3

Anti Inflammatory Drugs and Bronchodilators

Question 4

Categories of drugs that fall under the Anti Inflammatory

Answer 4

Hormone Containing (OCS and ICS)'=
Non-Hormone (Lipoxygenase inhibitors and Leukotriene Receptor Blockers )

Question 5

Categories of drugs that fall under Bronchodilators

Answer 5

Methylxanthines
Beta 2 agonists
Anticholinergics drugs

Question 6

What is the primary MOA of Beta 2 agonist

Answer 6

The primary action of β2-agonists is to relax airway smooth-muscle cells of all airways, where they act as functional antagonists,
reversing and preventing contraction of airway smooth-muscle cells by all known bronchoconstrictors.

Question 7

Clinical indications of Albuterol

Answer 7

Asthma
Acute Bronchitis
COPD
Bronchiolitis

Question 8

Adverse effects of Albuterol

Answer 8

Headache Dizziness Insomnia, dry mouth and cough

Question 9

Contraindications of Albuterol

Answer 9

Paradoxical Bronchospasm, Deterioration of Asthma, CV effects,
Immediate Hypersensitivity Reactions

Question 10

Only β2drug available by subcutaneous injection

Answer 10

Terbutaline

Question 11

Clinical Indications for Tetrabutaline

Answer 11

treatment or prophylaxis of bronchospasm associated with asthma, bronchitis and emphysema
in patients 12 years old and older.

Question 12

Warnings and Adverse Effect of Tetrabutaline

Answer 12

Not recommended as a medication for tocolysis (suppression of pre-mature labor)
Adverse Effects: headache, nausea, tachycardia and palpitations.

Question 13

Clinical Indications for Metaproterenol

Answer 13

Used as a bronchodilator for bronchial asthma and for reversible bronchospasm which may occur in association with bronchitis and COPD.

Question 14

Cautions and warnings associated with Metaproterenol

Answer 14

• a significant cardiovascular effect in some patients.

- paradoxical bronchospasm(which can be life threatening).

Question 15

Clinical Indications for Pirbuterol

Answer 15

Used in the prevention and reversal of bronchospasm in patients 12 years of age and older
with reversible bronchospasm including asthma. It may be used with or without
concurrent theophylline and/or corticosteroid therapy

Question 16

Cautions and warnings associated with Pirtuberol

Answer 16

Cardiovascular: like other inhaled beta adrenergic agonists, can produce a clinically significant
cardiovascular effect in some patients, as measured by pulse rate, blood pressure and/or symptoms.

Question 17

Clinical Indications for Levabuterol

Answer 17

For the Kiddos Used in treatment or prevention of bronchospasm in patients 4 years of age and older with reversible obstructive airway disease.

Question 18

Cautions and warnings associated with Levabuterol

Answer 18

Life-threatening paradoxical bronchospasm may occur. Much like with albuterol

Question 19

Clinical Indications for Fomoterol

Answer 19

-Treatment of asthma in patients ≥5 years as an add-onto a long- term asthma control medication such as an inhaled corticosteroid.

Question 20

Drugs used for the Maintenance treatment of bronchoconstriction in patients with COPD

Answer 20

Fomoterol

Salmeterol

Question 21

Cautions and warnings associated with Fomoterol

Answer 21

In asthma, do not use without the concomitant use of a long-term asthma control medication such as an inhaled corticosteroid. Use of LABA’s, increases the risk of asthma-related deaths and asthma-related hospitalizations.

Question 22

Clinical Indication of Indacaterol and Vilanterol

Answer 22

Used to treat breathing problems caused by COPD, including chronic bronchitis and emphysema.

Question 23

A long-term, once-daily maintenance bronchodilator treatment of airflow

Answer 23

Olodaterol

Question 24

How should LABA’s be prescribed

Answer 24

LABA should be used in concomitant use of a long-term asthma control medication such as an inhaled corticosteroid.

Question 25

a muscarinic antagonist indicated for a temporary blockade of severe or life-threatening muscarinic effects.

Answer 25

Atropine

Question 26

Side Effects of Atropine

Answer 26

When the recurrent use of atropine is essential in patients with coronary artery disease, the total dose should be restricted to 2 to 3 mg to avoid the detrimental effects of atropine-induced tachycardia on myocardial oxygen demand.

Question 27

Anticholinergic Drugs that can be used for Asthma and COPD

Answer 27

Atropine Ipratropium Tiotropium Aclidinium

Question 28

Actions of anticholinergic drugs in COPD

Answer 28

* Atropine-Temporary blockade * Ipratropium-Maintenance * Tiotropium-Long-term maintenance * Aclidinium-Long-term maintenance

Question 29

a potent atropine analog that is poorly absorbed after aerosol administration and is therefore relatively free of systemic atropine-like effects.

Answer 29

Ipratropium

Question 30

Clinical Use for Ipratropium

Answer 30

bronchodilator for maintenance treatment of bronchospasm

Question 31

Clinical use for Tiotropium

Answer 31

- -An anticholinergic drug indicated for the long-term, once-daily, maintenance treatment of bronchospasm associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) - - for reducing COPD exacerbations.

Question 32

Methylxanthines (derived from the Purine Xanthine) used for Asthma and COPD

Answer 32

Theophylline Theobromine (found in chocolate) Caffeine

Question 33

Clinical uses of Methylxanthine

Answer 33

used in the treatment of airways obstruction caused by conditions

Question 34

Mechanism of Action of Theophylline

Answer 34

- -Smooth muscle relaxation (bronchodilation) | - - Suppression of the response of the airways to stimuli (non-bronchodilator prophylactic effects).

Question 35

The most effective drug class for controlling asthma

Answer 35

ICS

Question 36

Drug class that reduces eosinophils in the airways and sputum, and numbers of activated T lymphocytes and surface mast cells in the airway mucosa.

Answer 36

ICS

Question 37

Mechanism of Action of Corticosteroids

Answer 37

to switch off the transcription of multiple activated genes that encode inflammatory proteins such as cytokines, chemokines, adhesion molecules, and inflammatory enzymes.

Question 38

first-line therapy for patients with persistent asthma

Answer 38

ICS