Coral Reef Flashcards
(10 cards)
Where are coral reefs commonly found?
In warm, shallow tropical and subtropical seas, usually near coastlines.
What are the main abiotic factors affecting coral reefs?
Warm water (around 23–29°C), clear sunlight, low nutrients, and stable salinity.
How are coral reefs formed?
From calcium carbonate skeletons secreted by coral polyps over thousands of years.
What are some adaptations of reef organisms?
Camouflage, bright colors for mating, symbiotic relationships (e.g. corals and zooxanthellae), and hard shells for protection.
What role do zooxanthellae play in coral reefs?
They are algae that live in coral tissue and provide nutrients via photosynthesis.
Describe the coral reef food web.
Starts with producers (zooxanthellae, algae), then herbivores (parrotfish), followed by predators (barracuda, sharks).
Why are coral reefs economically important?
They support fisheries, tourism, and protect coastlines from wave action.
List two major threats to coral reefs.
Coral bleaching due to rising temperatures and damage from pollution or overfishing.
What causes coral bleaching?
High temperatures or stress cause corals to expel zooxanthellae, turning them white.
How can we protect coral reefs?
Establishing marine reserves, reducing pollution, sustainable tourism and fishing practices.
