Corban 2 Flashcards Preview

CHI 304: Clinical Orthopaedics and Neurology > Corban 2 > Flashcards

Flashcards in Corban 2 Deck (19)
Loading flashcards...
1
Q
Spinal cord level and corresponding vertebral body 
Upper c
lower C
Upper T
Lower T
Lumbar
Sacral
A
Upper c- same as cord 
lower C- 1 level higher 
Upper T- 2 levels higher 
Lower T- 2-3 levels higher 
Lumbar: T10-12
Sacral: T12- L1/2
2
Q

Determining the level of the lesion

A

If there is sensory loss below the level = spinothalmic tract
-if 2 segments higher = unilateral tract lesion
If at level= bilateral lesion

3
Q
Cervical cord lesions: 
Horners syndrome can occur at any level due to damage of sympathetic ganglion. 
Upper Cord
C4-C5
C5-6
C7
C8
Thoracic
L2-4
L5-S1
Conus medullaris 
Cauda Equina
A

Upper cord Quadriplegia
Weakness of the diaphragm

C4-5 Quadriplegia

C5-6 Loss of power and reflexes in the biceps brachia

C7 Weakness of the triceps, finger and wrist extension

C8 Weakness of finger and wrist extension

Thoracic
Localised by sensory level on the trunk
Leg weakness and disturbances of bladder/ bowel function
T9-10= paralyse the lower but not upper abdominal muscles
lumbar

L2-4 Paralyse flexion and adduction of hip
Weakened knee extension
Diminished patella reflex

L5-S1 Paralyse mvt of ankle and foot
Weakened hip extension
Diminished Achilles reflex

Sacral
Conus medullaris:
Bilateral saddle anaesthesia
Prominent bladder and bowel dysfunction and impotence
Diminished bulbocavernosis and anal reflexes

Cauda Equina:	
Bowel and bladder changes
Low back pain
Radicular pain (bilateral sciatica)
Asymmetric leg pain , weakness and sensory loss
4
Q

What are the special patterns of SC disease?

A

Brown- Sequard Hemicord Syndrome (incomplete lateral hemisection of the spinal cord)

Structures affected
Corticospinal tract:
	Increased reflexes in lower limb
Extensor plantar response
Spastic leg (UMN changes)

Dorsal column: Ipsilateral loss of proprioception, light touch and vibration

Spinothalamic: Contralateral loss of pain and temp

5
Q

Anterior spinal artery syndrom

A

s

6
Q

central cord syndrome

A

n

7
Q

Neoplastic PSinal cord compression

A

s

8
Q

Spinal epidural abscess
presents with triad
risk factors?

A

s

9
Q

Spondylitic Myelopathy?

A

s

10
Q

Subacute combines Degeneration of the cord

A

s

11
Q

Multiple Sclerosis?

Symptoms?

A

j

12
Q

Types of MS?

A

s

13
Q

Cerebrovascular disease s

A

s

14
Q

Stroke

A

s

15
Q

Stroke vs TIA
causes?
Risk factors?

A

s

16
Q

Signs and symptoms of stroke?

A

s

17
Q

Subarachnoid Haemorrhage

A

s

18
Q

Subdural Haemorrhage
cause
symotoms

A

d

19
Q

Concussion

A

d