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Ocular Physiology > Corneal Repair > Flashcards

Corneal Repair Flashcards

1
Q

Integrins

A

connects cells and extracellular matrix
forms intercellular junctions
sense change in extracellular environment

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2
Q

Cytokines

A

fascilitate cellular communication between cells and surrounding tissues
control growth of corneal cells

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3
Q

Growth Factors

A

promote proliferation of corneal cells
starts migration of cells
maintains transparency

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4
Q

Layers of Epithelium

A

Surface- 2
Wing- 2-3
Basal- 1

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5
Q

Layer for Epithelial Cell Replication

A

Basal Layer

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6
Q

How long is the cell turnover of the epithelium?

A

7 days

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7
Q

Initiate repair of corneal epithelium

A

growth factors and cytokines

released from damaged cells

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8
Q

Change in cytoskeleton during healing

A

cell shape changes
cells at wound edges develop membrane extensions
cells migrate to cover wound

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9
Q

Cell Migration requires….

A

hemidesmosomes
cytoskeleton structure
cell to matrix adhesion
preserves integrity of epithelium

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10
Q

Adhesion Molecules

A

allow for epithelium to stick to Bowman’s

pulls cells forward to cover wound

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11
Q

Prevents Epithelial Hyperplasia during wound healing

A

apoptosis

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12
Q

Healing time of a small lesion

A

24 - 48 hrs

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13
Q

Healing time if basement membrane is damaged

A

several months

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14
Q

Recurrent Corneal Erosion

A

epithelium sloughs off

from poor adhesion b/t epithelium and basement membrane or b/t BM and stroma

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15
Q

Recurrent Corneal Erosion occurs when?

A

after incomplete healing of abrasion

epithelial basement membrane dystrophy

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16
Q

Treating Recurrent Corneal Erosion

A

artificial tears, antibiotics, bandage

anterior stromal micropuncture, superficial or phototherapeutic keratectomy

17
Q

Bowman’s Layer

A

acellular
composed of collagen
highly resistant to damage; does not regen

18
Q

Replaces lost Bowman’s cells

A

stromal scar tissue or epithelium

19
Q

Stroma Composition

A

collagen fibrils
keratocytes
extracellular ground substance

20
Q

Why is the stroma likely to scar?

A

new collagen fibers are larger and their organization is not as precise

21
Q

Time frame to heal stroma

A

months

takes longer for new collagen to get to full strength

22
Q

Descemet’s Membrane

A

basement membrane of endothelium
made of collagen
produced constantly

23
Q

Where does Descemet’s membrane regenerate from?

A

stromal keratocytes and endothelium

24
Q

Layers to Endothelium

A

1

25
Q

Basal part of Endothelium faces…..

A

Descemet’s

26
Q

Apical part of Endothelium faces….

A

anterior chamber

27
Q

Healing Endothelial Damage

A

neighboring cells enlarge and flatten to fill in space- loss of density
take polyhedral shape
increase # of ion pumps

Ocular Physiology (5 decks)

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