Corns Flashcards
(24 cards)
What is a corn?
A small deep concentrated mass of immature ‘cornified’ cells
What is parakeratosis?
keratosis whereby the keratocytes retain the nucleus in the stratum corneum
Define Hypertrophy
Increase and growth of cells
Definition of Heloma Durum?
Clinical Abbreviation = HD
Small well circumcised hypertrophy of the epidermis with parakeratotic core
Where does Heloma Durum Occur
Normally occurs on dorsal aspect of IP joints, under metatarsal heads, and apices of digits
Heloma Durum Observations
Usually looks yellow/gray
What is the etiology (Causes) of Heloma Durum?
Intermittent compression / Shear
Extrinsic factors - poor / ill fitting shoes, high level physical activity, toe deformities
What is the definiton of Heloma Molle
Clinical Abbreviation = H Molle
Soft corn
Located interdigitally, normally between 4th and 5th digits
Has a macerated, white appearence
‘Rubbery texture’
Where is Heloma Molle located
Located interdigitally, normally between 4th and 5th digits
Heloma Molle Observations
Macerated/white
rubbery
What is the etiology (causes) of Heloma Molle?
Normally intermittent compression, due to:
Tight footwear
Digital deformities
Hyperhidrosis - excessive sweat
What is the definition of Heloma Millare?
“Seed corn”
small area of Hyperkeratosis
What is the aetiology (Causes) of H Mille?
Thought to occur in response to a combination of forces
Common areas are Calcaneous and 2nd MTPJ
Usually chronic
Can present as asymptomatic - sometimes patients do not report pain
Normally occur at the periphery of weight-bearing areas
What is the definiton of Heloma Vasculare
Clinical Abbreviation = H Vasc
A corn with intrusion from vascularised dermal tissue.
Where is Heloma Vascualre located
Common locations:
Digital apices
Dorsal IPJ
Plantar 1st MTPJ
What is the aetiology (causes) of H Vasc?
Normally excessive mechanical stress:
Excessive intermittent compression
Deep shear
Digital deformity
poor footwear
What is the definiton of Heloma Neurovasculare?
Clinical Abbreviation = HNV
Is a Heloma Durum with intrusion of vascularised dermal tissue into the epidermis, with nerve involvement
What is the aetiology causes) of HNV?
Chronic mechanical stress - excessive intermittent compression
toe deformities
What is the definiton of Fibrous corn
Clinical Abbreviation = HFib
Long standing corn with presence of fibrous tissue in the dermis
What is the aetiology(causes) of HFib?
Excessive deep shearing
Intermittent Compression
What are characteristics of Durlachers Corn?
Heloma Durum lateral to the 5th toe nail
“extra nail” complaint
What is the aetiology(causes) of Durlachers Corn?
Deformity
What is the initial step in the management of treating corns?
Initial step- extablish the cause
diagnostic examination to establish cause
full history of lesion
foot shape
shoes style
shoe wear marks
What different treatment options are there for corns?
sharp scalpel debridement and enucleation
podospray
patient advice; footwear; emollient use
silicon/ototform toe seperators
padding/strapping
caustics - saliciylic acid
marigold therapy
surgery
