Coronary Heart Disease Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Coronary Heart Disease Deck (24)
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1
Q

What type of disease is Coronary Heart Disease?

A

A non-communicable disease

2
Q

What is Coronary Heart Disease?

A

Layers of fatty materials building up inside the coronary arteries, narrowing them

3
Q

What can faulty valves prevent themselves from doing?

A

Opening fully

Might develop a leak

4
Q

What can faulty heart valves be replaced with?

A

Biological or mechanical valves

5
Q

How does narrow arteries affect the heart muscle?

A

The flow of blood is reduced, resulting in a lack of oxygen for the heart muscle

6
Q

What do stents do?

A

Keep the coronary arteries open

7
Q

What are statins used for?

A

To reduce blood cholesterol levels which slows down the rate of fatty material deposit

8
Q

What are artificial hearts used for?

A

Keep patients alive whilst waiting for heart or lungs to be transplanted or to aid recovery by letting the heart restore

9
Q

What happens in the case of a heart failure?

A

A donor heart or heart and lungs are replaced

10
Q

What is aortic valve replacement and what is it used for?

A

A type of open heart surgery used to treat problems with the hearts aortic valves

11
Q

What does the aortic valve control?

A

The flow of blood out from the heart to the rest of the body

12
Q

What does an aortic valve replacement involve?

A

Removing a faulty or damaged valve and replacing it with a new one made from synthetic materials or animal tissue

13
Q

What two reasons are there for the aortic valve needing replacing?

A

Aortic stenosis

Aortic regurgitation

14
Q

What is aortic stenosis?

A

The opening of the heart valve becoming smaller, obstructing the flow of blood out of the heart

15
Q

What is aortic regurgitation?

A

The valve allows blood to flow back into the heart

16
Q

Evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of treating cardiovascular diseases by drugs, mechanical devices or transplant

A
  • Statins reduce blood cholesterol but can have side effects such as liver damage and muscle pain
  • Aspirins reduce the chance of blood clots but may cause stomach bleeding
  • Immune suppressants prevent tissue rejection after a heart transplant but the immune system gets weakened and the patient is likely to get infected
17
Q

What are the side effects of stents?

A

Minor surgery

Risk of blood clots

18
Q

What are the side effects of a mechanical heart?

A

The patient must be kept in intensive care

19
Q

What are the benefits of heart transplants?

A

Increases longevity. The patient is able to live autonomously

20
Q

What are the side effects of heart transplants?

A

Immune system is weakened

21
Q

What are the benefits of pig valves?

A

Replace hardened or leaky heart valves. Considerably expand lifespan

22
Q

What are the side effects of pig valves?

A

Immune suppressants can allow infections to develop

23
Q

What are the benefits of mechanical valves?

A

Replace damaged valves

Improved lifestyle and lifestyle

24
Q

What are the side effects of mechanical valves?

A

Only last a few years

Major operation