Corrective & Therapeutic Shoeing Techniques

Question 1

How often should you trim a normal hoof?

Answer 1

Every 4-6 weeks

Question 2

What direction do hoofs grow?

Answer 2

Coronet –> distally

Question 3

How long does it take for the hoof to grow completely from the coronet to the most distal aspect?

Answer 3

1 year

Question 4

Where does the hoof growth come from?

Answer 4

Perioplic corium

Question 5

How should the hoof-pastern axis look when evaluating from the front?

Answer 5

Perpendicular and parallel to the ground and symmetrical

Question 6

What should the shape of the front hoof vs. hind hoof be?

Answer 6

Front hoof should be more round

Hind hoof should be more pointed

Question 7

What are the instruments that are needed to remove shoes?

Answer 7

shoe puller
clinch cutter
hammer
nail puller

Question 8

How do you remove shoes?

Answer 8

Open nail clinches to unbend/straighten out the nail
Loosen shoe at the bars of hoof using mallet and chisel
Lastly wedge shoe off with shoe puller

Question 9

What does the “polished” area mean on a horseshoe?

Answer 9

This is a good sign that occurs because heel of hoof is expanding and contracting w/ every step

Question 10

What are the tools used for hoof trimming?

Answer 10

Hoof nippers, hoof knifes, rasp

Question 11

How are hoofs trimmed?

Answer 11

Trim wall of horse w/ nippers and then use the hoof knife (frog trimming) and then rasping the hoof

Question 12

Incorrect hoof trimming can lead to what?

Answer 12

Poor pastern angle

Question 13

What is the exception to trimming a hoof to keep the toe from being too long?

Answer 13

Pacer/standardbreds the toe is left longer to increase stride length

Question 14

Which way should the bevel of the hoof nail be facing?

Answer 14

the frog/inside of the hoof- when the farrier pounds on the nail it forces the bevel to bend a little bit and tip of nail re-surfaces and comes out of hoof capsule again

Question 15

What is a clinch bed?

Answer 15

Dig out a little area under tip of nail and then with a clinch block and hammer to bend nail and tighten it (secures nail)

Question 16

Lameness in association to shoeing comes from what?

Answer 16

Putting pressure on sensitive lamina –> pressure builds and horse becomes lame

Question 17

Contracted heels commonly occurs with what?

Answer 17

Sidebones

Question 18

What are sidebones?

Answer 18

inside hoof capsule are hoof cartilages- these become calcified overtime from microtrauma from stepping on hard surfaces

Question 19

What fracture is associated with increased expansion?

Answer 19

Coffin bone fracture

Question 20

How can a farrier minimize expansion?

Answer 20

Utilizing a full bar shoe

Question 21

Where does DDFT travel?

Answer 21

Down to coffin bone and bends slightly near navicular bone

Question 22

What can be used for a treatment of navicular disease?

Answer 22

Rocker-toe facilitates break over

Question 23

What is break over?

Answer 23

The moment the shoe lifts off the ground

Question 24

If the flexor tendon is ruptured below the fetlock, what do you see?

Answer 24

Toe points up

Question 25

What is ruptured if there is a completely dropped hock?

Answer 25

SDFT + DDFT + Suspensory apparatus | toe is completely skyward

Question 26

What can be used for treatment of flexor tendon rupture?

Answer 26

Fetlock supporting shoe + Kimsey splint (elevates heel area) | This should be gradually lowered when removing the shoe

Question 27

What are the CS of a horse with a solar abscess?

Answer 27

Lameness Thumping digital pulse Draining tract at coronary band Swelling proximal to hoof capsule

Question 28

How is a solar abscess treated?

Answer 28

Debride and drain Establish drainage Make sure that horse has his tetanus vaccine

Question 29

What is done for tx of septic navicular bursitis?

Answer 29

Sx followed w/ plate shoe

Question 30

If there is a puncture wound in the heel area, what is the prognosis?

Answer 30

Good

Question 31

What is the prognosis if there is a puncture wound in the coffin bone/joint

Answer 31

GRAVE

Question 32

What is a keratoma?

Answer 32

Abnormal keratinization in response to chronic injury

Question 33

What are the CS of a keratoma?

Answer 33

Lameness | Deviation at white line (sole surface)

Question 34

How is a keratoma treated?

Answer 34

Cut two grooves until bleeding to get to keratoma and peel it away, pack with gauze and put plate shoe + bandage + rest

Question 35

What is quittor?

Answer 35

Chronic purulent inflammation of collateral cartilage (necrosis of collateral cartilage)

Question 36

What is degenerative condition of the frog called?

Answer 36

Thrush

Question 37

What is thrush caused by?

Answer 37

Unhygienic conditions

Question 38

Where is thrush commonly seen?

Answer 38

Rear limb due to urine and manure

Question 39

What is the key strategy in treating thrush?

Answer 39

Keeping it dry and maintaining hygiene after removal of loose horns

Question 40

When are dalmer shoes used?

Answer 40

Treatment of angular limb deformity | Glue on shoes