COSC 85 | Finals | Lecture

Question 1

entities that convey meaning

Answer 1

data

Question 2

electric or electromagnetic encoding of data

Answer 2

signals

Question 3

refers to information that is continuous and take on continuous values

Answer 3

analog data

Question 4

refers to information that has discrete states and take on discrete values

Answer 4

digital data

Question 5

can have infinite number of values in a range

Answer 5

analog signal

Question 6

can have only a limited number of values

Answer 6

digital signal

Question 7

completes a pattern within a measurable time frame, called period, and repeats that pattern over subsequent identical periods

Answer 7

periodic signal

Question 8

completion of one full pattern is called

Answer 8

cycle

Question 9

changes without exhibiting a pattern or cycle that repeats over time

Answer 9

aperiodic signal

Question 10

a sine wave, cannot be decomposed into simpler signals

Answer 10

simple periodic analog signal

Question 11

composed of multiple sine waves

Answer 11

composite periodic analog signal

Question 12

most fundamental form of periodic analog signal

Answer 12

sine wave

Question 13

the absolute value of its highest intensity

Answer 13

amplitude or peak amplitude

Question 14

peak amplitude is normally measured in

Answer 14

volts (v)

Question 15

refers to the amount of time, in seconds, a signal need to complete 1 cycle

Answer 15

period

Question 16

refers to the number of periods in 1 second

Answer 16

frequency

Question 17

describes the position of waveform relative to time 0

Answer 17

phase or phase shift

Question 18

another characteristic of a signal traveling through a transmission medium

Answer 18

wavelength

Question 19

shows changes in signal amplitude with respect to time

Answer 19

time-domain plot

Question 20

concerned with only the peak value and the frequency

Answer 20

frequency-domain plot

Question 21

can be decomposed into a series of simple sine waves with discrete frequencies

Answer 21

periodic composite signal

Question 22

can be decomposed into a combination of an infinite number of simple sine waves with continuous frequencies

Answer 22

non-periodic composite signal

Question 23

the range of frequencies contained in a composite signal

Answer 23

bandwidth

Question 24

the transmission of signals that vary discretely with time between two values of some physical quantity, on value representing binary 0 and 1

Answer 24

digital transmission

Question 25

these data is assigned to one voltage level to binary 1 and another for binary 0

Answer 25

digital data, digital signal

Question 26

these data such as video and voice are often digitized to be able to use digital transmission facilities

Answer 26

analog data, digital signal

Question 27

the representation of digital information by a digital signal

Answer 27

digital-to-digital encoding

Question 28

in this scheme, all the signal levels are either above or below the axis

Answer 28

unipolar

Question 29

the voltage are on the both sides of the axis

Answer 29

polar

Question 30

there are three voltage levels: positive, negative, and zero

Answer 30

bipolar

Question 31

positive voltage defines bit 1 and zero voltage defines bit 0

Answer 31

unipolar encoding

Question 32

the level of signal depends on the type of bit that it represents

Answer 32

non return to zero-level

Question 33

Inversion of the voltage level that represents 1 bit

Answer 33

non return to zero-inverted

Question 34

Signal changes between bits

Answer 34

return to zero

Question 35

an encoding scheme in which signal changes at the middle of the bit interval but does not return to zero

Answer 35

biphase

Question 36

this encoding scheme is a combination of RZ and NRZ-L

Answer 36

manchester

Question 37

this encoding scheme is a combination of RZ and NRZ-I

Answer 37

differential manchester

Question 38

a neutral zero voltage represents binary 0

Answer 38

alternate mark inversion

Question 39

Bit 1 is encoded as zero voltage and the bit 0 is encoded as alternating positive and negative voltages

Answer 39

pseudoternary

Question 40

a condition where the receiver’s information does not match with the sender’s information

Answer 40

error

Question 41

in this error, only 1 bit in the data unit has been changed

Answer 41

single bit error

Question 42

Data Unit is received with more than one bit in corrupted state

Answer 42

multiple bits error

Question 43

2 or more bits in the data unit have changed

Answer 43

burst error

Question 44

the detection of errors caused by noise or other impairments during transmission from the transmitter to receiver

Answer 44

error detection

Question 45

the simplest technique and inexpensive to detect the errors

Answer 45

vertical redundancy check

Question 46

a single bit error is detected by

Answer 46

vertical redundancy check

Question 47

Organizes the original data in the form of a table or 2D Matrix

Answer 47

two-dimensional parity check

Question 48

is generated at the sender’s side

Answer 48

checksum

Question 49

it subdivides the data into equal segments of n bits each

Answer 49

checksum generator

Question 50

appended to the end of data unit so that the resulting data unit becomes exactly divisible by a second, predetermined binary number

Answer 50

cyclic redundancy check