Côte d’Or Flashcards
(134 cards)
1
Q
Which are the 33 Grands Crus of Bourgogne? Mentioned them in order, from north to south.
A
Côte de Nuits (all for red wines unless otherwise stated)
• Commune: Gevrey-Chambertin; Grands Crus (9): Le Chambertin, Chambertin Clos-de-Bèze, Mazis-Chambertin, Mazoyères-Chambertin, Charmes-Chambertin, Chapelle-Chambertin, Rouchottes-Chambertin, Latricières-Chambertin, Griotte-Chambertin.
•Commune: Morey-St-Denis; Grands Crus (5): Le St-Denis, Clos de la Roche, Clos de Tart, Clos des Lambrays, Bonnes Mares (some part).
•Commune: Chambolle-Musigny; Grands Crus (2): Le Musigny (some white wine too), Bonnes Mares (most).
•Commune: Vougeot; Grand Cru (1): Clos de Vougeot.
•Commune: Flagey-Échezeaux; Grands Crus (2): Échezeaux, Grands Échezeaux.
•Commune: Vosne Romanée-Conti; Grands Crus (6): Richebourg, Romaée-St-Vivant, Romanée-Conti, La Romanée, La Grand Rue, La Tâche.
Côte de Beaune (all for white wines unless otherwise stated)
•Commune: Ladoix-Serrigny; Grands Crus (2): Corton (almost all red); Corton-Charlemagne.
•Commune: Aloxe-Corton; Grands Crus (2): Corton (almost all red); Corton-Charlemagne.
•Commune: Pernand-Vergelesses; Grands Crus (2): Corton-Charlemagne; Le Charlemagne (no longer used).
• Commune: Puligny-Montrachet; Grands Crus (4): Chevalier-Montrachet, Bienvenues-Bâtard-Montrachet, Le Montrachet, Bâtard-Montrachet.
•Commune: Chassagne-Montrachet; Grands Crus (3): Le Montrachet, Bâtard-Montrachet, Criots-Bâtard-Montrachet.
Chablis (exclusively white wine from just one grape variety, synonymous of the appellation: Chardonnay)
• Commune: Chablis; Grand Cru (1): Chablis, with its 7 climats (Blanchot, Bougros, Les Clos, Grenouille, Preuses, Valmur, Vaudésir).
2
Q
What are combes?
A
Local name for small Côte d’Or valleys, which lie at right angle to the Côte itself adding variation to the mix and, often, a cooling influence.
3
Q
Which are some of the best communes in the Hautes-Côtes de Beaune?
A
Nantoux, Echevronne, La Rochepot, Meloisey.
4
Q
Which are some of the best communes in the Hautes-Côtes de Nuits?
A
Marey-lès-Fussey, Magny-Villers, Villars-Fontaine, Bévy.
5
Q
Which is the Côte de Beaune southern tip relatively new AOC, responsible for delicate reds? And which are the associate three communes just west of Santenay bearing the suffix -lès-Maranges?
A
AOC Maranges.
Dezize-lès-Maranges, Sampigny-lès-Maranges, Cheilly-lès-Maranges.
6
Q
Named some of the most expensive Premier Cru of Burgundy, and the relative sub region.
A
Côte de Nuits: Clos St-Jacques in Gevrey-Chambertin; Les Amoureuses in Chambolle-Musigny.
Côte de Beaune: Rugiens in Pommard; Les Perrières in Mersault.
7
Q
Even if these two fall under the third rank of the Burgundy classification (that is Appellation Communales or village wines), which are two of the few lieu-dit of Mersault that, due to their high quality wines, can considered of the same class of Premier Cru?
A
Tessons and Chevalières.
8
Q
How is write on the label the eventual name of a specific vineyard (lieu-dit) for a village wine (appelation communale)?
A
Smaller type than the commune name.
9
Q
When the coolest, higher Verroilles parcel was incorporated in Richebourg Grand Cru?
A
1936.
10
Q
Who are the producers part of the Richebourg vineyard ownership?
A
Clos Frantin, Méo-Camuzet, Gros Frère et Soeur, AF Gros, Anne Gros, Domaine de la Romanée-Conti (which owns the richest array of the extraordinary wealth of Grands Crus to the west and north of the little village of Vosne-Romanée, and that has obviously the lion’s share of this particularly Grand Cru, as you can see by the map on page 58 of Wine Atlas book), Leroy, Mongeard-Mugneret, Grivot, Hudelot-Noëllat, Thibault Liger-Belair.
11
Q
Which are the best climats of Santenay (southern Côte de Beaune)?
A
Les Gravières (the name refers to the stony ground, as Graves in Bordeaux)
Clos de Tavannes
La Comme
12
Q
Which are the most famous Chassagne-Montrachet Premier Cru vineyards that also produce excellent red wines?
A
Morgeot, La Boudriotte, Clos St-Jean; all Premiers Crus, the first two situated in the southern point of Chassagne-Montrachet, whereas the latter in the north-west one.
13
Q
Which aspect have Santenay and Chassagne-Montrachet vineyards (southern Côte de Beaune)?
A
In contrast to most of the Côte d’Or, many of them face due south and some even face west.
14
Q
How many Grand Cru are there in Santenay?
A
No one. Just Premiers Crus and Commune appellation vineyards as well.
15
Q
Which are some of the best Premier Cru vineyards in Puligny-Montrachet?
A
Les Pucelles
Les Combettes
Les Folatières
Le Cailleret
16
Q
Is possible to produce red wine in Blagny (shared hamlet between Puligny-Montrachet south and Mersault up, that presents stony soils which gives excellent wines)?
A
Yes, usually in the plain area.
17
Q
Is there any Grand Cru in Mersault?
A
No, just Premiers Crus.
18
Q
Named four Premier Cru vineyards of Mersault, and describe the style of the wines made there.
A
Les Perrières (the upper part of the Premier Cru Les Genevrières) and Les Charmes, which offer the sternest challenge to Puligny’s best Premiers Crus;
Porusot and Gouttes d’Or provide a nuttier, broader, mainstream Mersault experience.
19
Q
Named two communal appellation vineyards famous in Mersault, and describe their wine style.
A
Narvaux and Tillets, just higher on the hill, make slightly crisper, but also intense, ageworthy wines.
20
Q
Which typology of wine offer Auxey-Duresses and Monthelie (Central Côte de Beaune, western between Mersault south and Volnay north)?
A
Little white wine and plenty of good red, which is less highly valued (being shorter-lived) than Volnay, therefore often a bargain.
21
Q
Which wines made St-Romain (geographically behind Auxey-Duresses)?
A
Even if it is much higher (~400 m and up) than most Côte d’Or communes, is making respectable light reds and particularly convincing white wines in the warmest summers that Burgundy has been experiencing. It is a promoted former Hautes-Côte de Beaune village.
22
Q
Is there any Grand Cru vineyard in Volnay? Named some important Premiers Crus and their associate wine feature signature.
A
No, but some Premiers Crus are very important , such as Clos des Chênes and Caillerets, the best names here (of which the first just above Le Cailleret, is also very fine but a little lighter as the soil is even thinner), famous for their long-lived wines, Champans, Bousse d’Or (monopole of Domaine de la Pousse d’Or), and Taille Pieds are close behind, while the steep little Clos de Ducs (monopole of the Marquis d’Angerville, whose father pioneered domaine bottling in the 1930s) is the best climat on the north side of the village.
23
Q
Volnay-Santenots refers to (appellation, wine style made, name of the best part of this vineyard):
A
Volnay, even if it is properly inside the boundary of Mersault. Pale red light wines, soft, very fragrant and with a long, perfumed aftertaste are produced here. The best part of this vineyard is Les Santenots-du-Milieu.
24
Q
Is there any Grand Cru in Pommard? Which are some of the best Premiers Crus? Named three top producers of here. What is it Dames de la Charité?
A
No.
Les Rugiens-Bas (in which the soil is rich in iron, near the southern edge of Pommard, near Volnay), Les Epenots (in the northern edge, near Beaune), Clos de la Commaraine (central part).
Producers: De Courcel, Comte Armand (who owns the monopole Clos des Épeneaux, within the PC of Les Epenots), De Montille.
One of the best cuvée of Beaune’s annual charity auction, mainly made from Rugiens and Epenots combined.
25
Named some important négociants of Beaune (Northern Côte de Beaune) and the associate style of wine they produce.
Drouhin’s part of the Clos des Mouches (abutting Pommard, in the southern edge of Beaune) is celebrated for both red and its exquisite white, rich, complex and age-worthy; Bouchard Père et Fils, that has a parcel in Les Grèves known as the Vigne de l’Enfant Jésus and makes another outstanding wine; Louis Jadot’s Clos des Ursules within Beaune-Vignes Franches.
(The latest two, comes from the finest vineyards which are regarded as those situated almost directly between the town and the hill of Les Mondes Rondes).
26
Is there any Grand Cru vineyards in Beaune, in the Northern Côte de Beaune?
No.
27
Named some important négociants of Beaune.
Bouchard Père eat Fils, Chanson, Drouhin, Jadot, Louis Latour.
28
Which are the principal natural factors that make Montrachet white wines scent, brighter gold, long lasting in flavour, succulent, dense and so high in quality?
Perfect exposure to the east, yet an angle that means the sun is still flooding down the rows at nine on a summer evening, and a sudden streak of limestone, regarding soil.
29
From which vineyards come from top red Corton Grand Cru wines?
Which style they have?
Les Corton itself, Les Bressandes, Le Renardes, Perrières, Le Clos du Roi. These slopes have an altitude inter between 275 and 350m, with an east- and south-facing exposure.
• Les Corton: dense, close wines when young;
• Les Bressandes: suppleness and charm;
• Les Renardes: rustic, gamey character;
• Perrières: extra-finesse;
• Le Clos du Roi: optimum balance between weight and elegance; it is often regarded as the finest of the Corton vineyard.
30
What represents Chorey-lès-Beaune in the wine market?
An useful source of approachable red burgundy. It is a flat ground next to the main road, D974, in the Northern Côte de Beaune, just under Aloxe-Corton.
31
What is Ladoix-Serrigny famous for? Has it Grands Crus? If yes, which?
It is famous for refreshingly mineral whites and quite succulent reds.
Yes, two: Corton Grand Cru (which produces almost all red) and Corton-Charlemagne (white).
32
Which common point have Ladoix-Serrigny and Pernand-Vergelesses (northern Côte de Beaune)?
Both they have the peculiarity of having some Premiers Crus, such as Sous Frétille in Pernand-Vergelesses, and Les Joyeuses and Les Gréchons in Ladoix-Serrigny, for either white or red wine but not both.
33
Generally speaking, which is the soil much better associate with super quality Pinot Noir wines in Côte de Nuits?
Those one in which the soil has a mixture of silt and scree over the marl outcrops below the hard limestone (mainly from Jurassic era) hilltop. This typology of soil corresponds time and again with areas that enjoy the best shelter and the most sun.
34
How Prémeaux-Prissey (southern point of Southern Côte de Nuits) red wines are bottling? Briefly describe their appeal, and named two vineyards that really interpret this, and as well other two climats that instead are quite uncommon for that style.
As Nuits-St-Georges.
They are finer-boned than the rest of the appellation, especially such monopole vineyards as Clos de l’Arlot (Domaine de l’Arlot) and Clos de la Maréchale (Jacques Frederic Mugnier).
On the contrary, Les Vaucrains and Les St-Georges (a climat that many think should be Grand Cru) just over the commune boundary produce instead tannic wines with tense, positive flavours that demand long bottle ageing.
35
How is the soil in Romanée-St-Vivant Grand Cru?
Deep, rich in clay and lime.
36
How is the soil in La Romanée-Conti? Where is situated this Grand Cru vineyard?
Poor and shallow. It lies mid-slope.
37
Where is situated on the hill and how is the soil composition in La Romanée Grand Cru?
Higher up, it tilts more steeply, with drier and less clayey soils.
38
Which facing has Grand Cru Le Richebourg?
The big vineyard of Le Richebourg curves around to face east-northeast.
39
La Grand Rue Grand Cru lies on? And La Tâche?
The left flank, and beside it the long slope of La Tâche (including what was once called Les Gaudichots).
40
When La Grand Rue was officially recognised as Grand Cru? How many ha it has?
In 1992.
1,6 ha.
41
Romanée-Conti and La Tâche are monopoles of:
Domaine de la Romanée-Conti.
42
Briefly describe the maison style signature of Domaine de la Romanée-Conti.
Fine, velvety warmth combined with a suggestion of spice, the almost oriental opulence of their wines, for which the market will seemingly stand any price.
43
Which maison made the most similar-in style wines to Domaine de la Romanée-Conti, in this way representing a source of a little more affordable wines, in term of price?
Domaine Leroy.
44
Which is one of the most important Premier Cru of Vosne-Romanée?
Aux Malconsort, just south to La Tâche Grand Cru.
45
The village of Flagey-Échezeaux is within:
Vosne (at least oenologically).
46
Which is the peculiarity of Clos de Vougeot Grand Cru?
This monastic vineyard of 50ha (the 3rd Grand Cru in dimension in Burgundy), surrounded by a suggestive high stone wall, due to its dimensions, made wines that can considerably vary in price, style and quality, for this why the name of the grower must be the guide. Cistercians used to blend wine of the top, mid and bottom slopes to make consistency wines, since in dry years the wine from lower down would have an advantage, as in wet vintages would the top slopes.
47
Where is situated the château of the Confrérie des Chevaliers du Tastevin?
In the northwest corner of the Clos de Vougeot Grand Cru.
48
Which is, generally speaking, the style of Le Musigny Grand Cru?
(This steeply slope that is squeezed under the tree-capped limestone crest close to Clos de Vougeot and Grands Échezeaux, rather than Bonnes Mares in the northern part of Chambolle-Musigny, obliges the vignerons to carry the brown limey clay, heavy with pebbles, back up the hill after prolonged rainy weather; this and the permeable limestone subsoil allow excellent drainage).
Conditions are just right for a wine with plenty of body. The glory of Le Musigny is that it covers its undoubted power with a lovely, haunting delicacy of perfume: a unique sensuous savour, well describe as a peacock’s tail. It can age at least for 10-20 years. Unusual for Côte de Nuits Grands Crus, it can produce some white wine, too.
49
Compare Chambertin, Romanée-Conti and Le Musigny in style.
Strong and deep Chambertin
Spice Romanée-Conti
Power even elegant Le Musigny
50
How is the soil in Bonnes-Mares Grand Cru (in the upper part of the southern Côte de Nuits)?
Pale in the western half, red in the eastern. The style of wine made here is tougher than the other Grand Cru of Chambolle-Musigny, so Le Musigny, and less graceful.
51
Which are some of the best Premiers Crus of Chambolle-Musigny?
Les Amoureuses (perhaps of Burgundy), Les Charmes, and due to the warmer climate present here for which quality seems to be migrating uphill, Les Cras and Les Fuées (~350, in the northwest hillsides of the appellation).
52
Which are the 5 Grands Crus of Morey-St-Denis? Briefly describe their style.
Clos de la Roche, Clos St-Denis, Clos des Lambrays, Clos de Tart, some part of Bonnes Mares.
The first two made wines of great staying power, strength and depth, fed by soil rich in limestone. The Clos des Lambrays monopole makes particularly seductive wines that was promoted to Grand Cru rank in 1981 and absorbed into the LVMH luxury goods empire in 2014.
Clos de Tart monopole next door acquired its fourth owner in nine centuries in 2017: the Pinault family (who also own the first-growth Château Latour in Bordeaux).
53
Name an excellent Premier Cru of Morey-St-Denis, that is famous for its excellent white wines.
The lofty, stony Monts Luisants, that produces excellent whites.
54
Which are the nine Grands Crus of Gevrey-Chambertin (north Côte de Nuits)? Which is the only one that can put “Chambertin” before its name? Which are the two greatest vineyards of the appellation? Why? Name one of the best producers.
Le Chambertin, Chambertin Clos de Bèze, Chapelle-Chambertin, Charmes-Chambertin, Mazis-Chambertin, Mazoyères-Chambertin, Latricières-Chambertin, Griotte-Chambertin, Ruchottes-Chambertin.
Chambertin Clos de Bèze.
Le Chambertin and Chambertin Clos de Bèze, because they lie on a gentle slope with east-facing, just under the woods.
Domaine Armand Rousseau (for many “Gevrey Holy’s Grail”).
55
Which is the only red Wine Grand Cru in the Côte de Beaune?
Red Corton.
56
Which are the most important Premiers Crus of Gevrey-Chambertin? Why?
Because of the superb southeast exposure on the 50m north-west slope present here, the Premiers Crus of Les Cazatiers, Les Clos St-Jacques (especially), Lavaut St-Jacques and Les Varoilles are arguably peers of the Grands Crus.
There are more individual vineyards in this village than in any other in Burgundy.
57
How is legislatively divided Brochon?
The southern edge is included in Gevrey-Chambertin, whereas the rest of its vineyards have the right only to the appellation Côte de Nuits-Village.
58
Which are the most important Premiers Crus of Fixin, that can potentially up to the standards of the very high quality Gevrey-Chambertin ones?
Clos de la Perrière, Hervelets, Clos du Chapitre.
59
Are there any Premiers Crus in Marsannay? For which style of wine is famous this appellation?
At the moment not, but this appellation is increasingly respected, particularly for its speciality (pioneered in 1919 by Joseph Clair and taken up by the local co-operative): some delicious, unusually ageworthy Pinot Noir rosé made from specially designated vineyards, particularly those uphill of the main road into Dijon; plenty of red that is serious interesting (especially to bargain hunters), attracting and fruity (even if lighter than those of neighbouring Fixin AOP); and a little, mostly ordinary whites (even if they are going to show character).
60
Name two village/commune appellation of Marsannay that are going to be Premier Cru.
Clos du Roy, which is technically just north to Marsannay in Chênove, and Les Longerois, geographically a little bit southern more to Clos du Roy
61
Who is the Domaine that has by far the largest holding in the Grand Cru of Chambertin Clos de Bèze?
Domaine Pierre Damoy, with 5ha=13acres. Every harvest, Damoy keeps the best of the Grand Cru grapes for the domaine and sells the rest to négociants.
62
How is the soil in Marsannay?
Mainly alluvial.
63
For which typology of wine is famous Marsannay?
Rosé accounts for just 1% of the wine produced in Burgundy, but it is a speciality of Marsannay.
64
Which is the biggest Grand Cru of Burgogne?
Corton Grand Cru with its 98 ha. Than follow Corton-Charlemagne with 52 ha, and Vougeot with 50 ha.
65
Which is the only Grand Cru in Côte de Nuits that can produce both red and white wines?
Le Musigny.
66
How many Grands Crus are there in Nuits-Saint-Georges?
No one, for historical reasons; instead, there are 41 Premiers Crus, of which the most important are Le Saint Georges, Les Vaucrains, Les Cailles, Clos de l’Arlot, Clos de la Maréchale.
67
How many Premier Cru vineyards has Fixin AOP?
Including Brochon, 6 in total: Arvelets, Clos de la Perrière, Clos Napoléon, Hervelets, Les Clos du Chapitre, Les Meix Bas (technically within Hervelets, and so, bottling under this name).
68
Which is the only village level appellation in Côte de Nuits for rosé wines?
Marsannay AOP, in which rosés account for ~1/3 of the production.
69
After Chablis Grand Cru, which is the “biggest” white Grand Cru of Burgundy?
Corton-Charlemagne Grand Cru, in Côte de Beaune.
70
Describe the style of wine made in Pommard.
Pommard is a red wine-only commune and appellation. Its two most reputed Premiers Crus Les Rugiens and Epenots are being considered for Grand Cru status.
71
Which is the most southerly red wine-only appellation of the Côte d’Or?
The feminine Volnay in the Côte de Beaune, similar to (even if lighter) Chambolle-Musigny in the Côte de Nuits.
72
Which was the ancient name of Pinot Noir?
Noirien.
73
When was founded two important négociants that nowadays are still important and present in the market?
Champy: 1720; Bouchard Père et Fils: 1731.
74
Why there are so many parcels in Burgundy?
As a result of the Napoleonic Code, for which vineyards were split between several owners, following the law of equal inheritance that brings to this unique, suggestive, “Burgundy” fragmentation.
75
Which domaines pioneered the concept of “Domaine Bottling”? When?
Domaine Armand Rousseau (in Gevrey Chambertin), Marquis d’Angerville (Volnay, owner of the monopole Clos des Ducs), Henri Gouges (Nuits St Georges), in 1930s.
76
Why in Burgundy just early-ripening grape varieties are grown?
Because of the overall cool continental climate with short summers.
77
At which weather systems is subject Burgundy?
Burgundy is a climatic crossroads, experiencing Atlantic, Mediterranean an Baltic weather systems.
78
What is it la bise?
A cool breeze from the north that spires in Burgundy, ideal to temper anticyclonic conditions in the summer.
79
Which natural factor can promotes hail and thunder in Côte de Nuits? Where and when it determined bad, strongly hailed vintages?
A southern wind that brings heat but also danger, due to the fact that hail and storm often result when this warm wind swings round to the west, the wettest direction. This has become an increasing problem in recent years in Volnay, badly hailed in 2004, 2008, 2012, 2013, 2014.
80
Which are the yields for red and white village wines? And for Premier Cru?
50 hL/ha for red village wines, 57 hL/ha for whites.
2 hL/ha for PC.
81
At which altitude stand the Premier and Grand Cru vineyards?
250-300 m above sea level.
82
Which are the most common viticultural practices in Côte d’Or?
Hand harvest
High planting density (10,000 vines/ha)
Guyot or Cordon de Royat
Yields (50 hL/ha for red village wines, 57 hL/ha for whites, 2hL/ha for PC).
83
Which are the most common winemaking techniques in Côte d’Or?
There are no set rules for the production of great red burgundy, and every domaine or négociant house revels in its own idiosyncrasies. Principal options include destemming of the grapes (wholly, partly, or not at all); maceration period; fermentation temperature; length of barrel maturation; type of oak barrels; fining regime; and the extent to which filtration is practised. The better wines of the Côte d’Or are all matured for at least a year, more often 18 months, in 228-l (59-gal) oak barrels, a proportion of which are usually new. Before bottling, some producers fine and filter the wine; others prefer one treatment to the other; a few use neither in the belief that the wine thereby has more depth of flavour and capacity to evolve, even though it may throw a deposit.
84
When Morey decided to appends -St. Denis to its name?
1927.
85
Which are two of the most important Domaine in Morey-St-Denis to produce excellent example of Clos St-Denis and Clos de la Roche?
Domaine Ponsot (one of the first to bottle their own wines in Burgundy) and Domaine Dujac (the comparatively recent creation -in 1968- of Jacques Seysses, an inspirational grower whose example significantly influenced the generation taking over their family domaines in the 1980s), and as well various Ligniers.
86
Who is the current owner of the monopole Clos de Tart (Morey-St-Denis)?
Pinault family.
87
Which is the since ever monopole of Morey-St-Denis?
Briefly describe its history.
Clos de Tart, singled out by Dr Lavalle in 1855 as the only tête de cuvée vineyard in Morey, has always been a monopole: founded by the Cistercian sisters of Notre Dame de Genlis in 1250, it remained in their hands until the French Revolution, when it was auctioned in one piece. In 1932, one of the Marey-Monge family sold it to Mommessin. Nowadays, since the 2017, it is under its fourth owner in nine centuries: the Pinault family (Artemis group of François Pinault, who also own the first-growth Château Latour in Bordeaux).
88
Clos de la Bussière Premier Cru in Morey-St-Denis is the monopole of:
Domaine Georges Roumier.
89
Which rare and curious wine made Domaine Ponsot? Where?
Domaine Ponsot also produces a rare and curious white wine from Monts Luisants PC, based on a plot of Aligoté planted in 1911.
90
Named some important PCs of Morey-St-Denis.
Successful premier cru vineyards in Morey-St-Denis include Les Ruchots, Clos de la Bussière (monopole of Domaine Georges Roumier), Les Millandes, Clos des Ormes, and Les Monts Luisants. Domaine Ponsot also produces a rare and curious white wine from the last, based on a plot of Aligoté planted in 1911.
91
Who owns the Domaine de la Romanée Conti?
The Villaine and the Leroy families (50%, respectively).
92
Which wines Domaine de la Romanée Conti produces?
All Grands Crus, one white (Le Montrachet) and six reds (the two monopoles of the Domaine, that are Romanée-Conti and La Tâche, Richebourg, Romanée-St-Vivant, Échezeaux and Grands Échezeaux).
93
Which are the two monopole of the Domaine de la Romanée-Conti?
Romanée-Conti and La Tâche.
94
Which exception made the Domaine de la Romanée-Conti?
The Domaine is the exception to the law according to which no estate in Burgundy may be named after a specific vineyard. Its wines are notable for their richness and longevity.
95
Who own 7 on 10,7 ha of Le Musigny GC?
Domaine Comte de Vogüé (• who also own the major part of the other GC of Chambolle-Musigny, so Bonnes Mares, which is divided under more than 30 producers; • who also has a little white production in Le Musigny labelled as Bourgogne Blanc).
96
How is the soil in the big (50.6 ha) Grand Cru of Clos de Vougeot?
• Top: the top, abutting Musigny and Grands Échézeaux, has a light calcareous and gravelly soil on oolitic limestone which drains beautifully and gives the wines of greatest distinction;
• Middle: the middle section is on softer limestone with clay and some gravel, with moderate drainage on a very gentle slope;
• Bottom: the bottom section, almost flat, stretching down to the main D974 road, consists of poorly drained alluvial clay.
97
Which is the Premier Cru present in Vougeot in which white wine is produced since 1110?
Which are other PCs that can made whites?
Le Clos Blanc, the monopoly of Domaine de la Vougeraie in succession to Héritiers Guyot, has produced white wine since first planted by the monks in 1110.
The other premier crus are les Cras, les Petits Vougeots, and Clos de la Perrière, monopoly of Domaine Bertagna.
98
Which are some of the most important producers of Clos de Vougeot?
Reliable producers of Clos de Vougeot include Château de la Tour (the largest owners), Méo-Camuzet, Anne Gros, and Domaine d’Eugénie.
99
Since when Clos de Vougeot is completely surround by its stone walls?
By 1336, the 50-ha/120-acre plot was complete and enclosed by stone walls on all sides.
100
When Clos de Vougeot was a monopole? Of who? Nowadays, is it a monopole?
In due course, Clos de Vougeot was sold on to Julien-Jules Ouvrard in 1818, the year before he bought Romanée-Conti, and remained in single ownership until 1889. Since then ownership has fragmented so that today there are over 80 proprietors.
101
When Vosne was added to the suffix Romanée?
1866.
102
Since when La Romanée-Conti GC has its name?
A vineyard formerly known as Le Cloux was rechristened La Romanée in 1651, presumably on account of Roman remains being discovered nearby. In 1760, the property was bought by the Prince de Conti, subsequently becoming known as Romanée-Conti.
103
Who is the owner of La Romanée-Conti and La Tâche GCs?
Who is the owner of La Romanée GC?
DRC (respectively, 0,84 and 6 ha)
Comte Liger-Belair (1, 80 ha)
104
Of the half a dozen owners, who are the largest in Romanée-St-Vivant?
Why its name?
Domaine de la Romanée-Conti, Domaine Leroy and Louis Latour’s Domaine Corton Grancey.
It taked its name from the monastery of St-Vivant, founded at Vergy.
105
Of who is the monopole La Grand Rue Grand Cru?
Domaine Lamarche.
It is a 1,4 ha vineyard located north to La Tâche and south to La Romanée-Conti, burned as PC.
106
Which are some of the best PC of Vosne-Romanée?
Among the best of Vosne-Romanée’s premier cru vineyards are Aux Malconsorts on the Nuits-St-Georges side, Cros Parantoux made famous by Henry Jayer, above the grands crus, and Les Beauxmonts and Les Suchots abutting Flagey-Échézeaux. Part of Les Beauxmonts is actually in the latter commune, although it is sold as Vosne-Romanée, as is the village wine of Flagey.
107
Where is the lieu dit Les Tillets?
It is a PC in the commune of Mersault.
108
How many lieux-dits are there in Échezeaux Grand Cru (37,6 ha)?
11 lieux-dits ranging from Les Treux, which has a deep clay soil with indifferent drainage, to Les Échezeaux du Dessus, where the soil is shallower and chalkier and the wine correspondingly finer.
109
What is it Hospices de Beaune?
Who are the beneficiaries?
How are usually named the cuvées sold? Which is their auction value?
Charity auction which has taken place in Beaune annually since 1851 on the third Sunday in November, a key feature of the Burgundian calendar.
The beneficiaries are the combined charitable organizations of the Hôtel Dieu (founded in 1443 by Nicolas Rolin, chancellor of the duchy of Burgundy) and the Hôpital de la Charité.
The cuvées sold (usually at higher prices rather than their real value) are named to commemorate original benefactors such as Nicolas Rolin and his wife Guigone de Salins or more recent ones such as de Bahèzre de Lanlay (an inspector of aerial telegraphs).
110
What is it ‘Les Trois Glorieuses’?
The Hospices de Beaune also provides the occasion for ‘Les Trois Glorieuses’, the three great feasts held over the weekend at Clos de Vougeot on Saturday night, in Beaune on Sunday night, and in Meursault for the extended lunchtime bottle party that is the Paulée de Meursault on Monday.
111
What is it the Hospices de Nuits?
The charity auction of Nuits-St-Georges held in March, when the wines can be better judged than those of the hospices de beaune in November.
112
Are there GC in Nuits-St-Georges?
No, just 41 PCs, perhaps because Henri Gouges, the town leading’s vigneron, was too modest when the classifications to GC were agreed in 1930s.
113
In which appellation are made some white wine in Nuits-St-Georges? From which producers? And from which grapes?
• Clos de l’Arlot Premier Cru, monopole of Domaine de l’Arlot, Chardonnay
• Les Perrières, Premier Cru, Domaine Gouge, Pinot Blanc
114
Which are the two monopole vineyards Premier Cru of Domaine de l’Arlot, in Prémeaux-Prissey, southern part of Nuits-St-Georges (southern Côte de Nuits)?
• Clos de l’Arlot
• Clos des Forêts
115
Are there Couchey (south to Marsannay) and Chenôve (north) include in Marsannay AOC?
Yes, of course.
116
Name some top producers of Nuits-St-Georges.
Top producers include Henri Gouges, Robert Chevillon, Domaine de l’Arlot, Thibault Liger-Belair, Patrice Rion, and growers in neighbouring Vosne-Romanée such as Arnoux and Grivot.
117
Name some important producers of Marsannay.
Leading producers are Audoin, Bouvier, Bruno Clair, Fournier, and Sylvain Pataille.
118
Even if Corton is planted almost entirely with Pinot Noir vines, where is the tiny amount of white Corton comes from?
The great white wines are those made within the Corton-Charlemagne appellation, which stretches in a narrow band around the top of the hill from Ladoix-Serrigny, through Aloxe-Corton to Pernand-Vergelesses, where it descends down the western edge of the hillside. The mesoclimate governing Corton-Charlemagne is fractionally cooler than that of Corton and the soils are different. Whereas red Corton is mainly produced on reddish chalky clay which is rich in marl, the soil at the top of the hill and on the western edge is lighter and whiter, its stoniness believed locally to impart a gunflint edge to the wines of Corton-Charlemagne.
There remains some Pinot Blanc in the otherwise Chardonnay-dominated Corton-Charlemagne vineyards, which formerly were widely planted with Pinot Beurot (historical Burgundian name for Pinot Gris, that was traditionally mixed with PN to adding softness and sometimes acidity) and Aligoté.
119
Which river divides the village of Savigny-Lès-Beaune?
How is the soil and the style of wines made respectively southern and northern to that river?
Name some important Premiers Crus of each side.
Le Rhoin Rau river.
Southern, the soil is sandy as in Beaune, and produces wines similar in style (even if lighter), particularly in some PCs such as Les Peuillets, Les Marconnets, Les Rouvrettes, Les Narbantons.
Northern, near Pernand-Vergelesses, soils are stonier, as in PCs Les Vergelesses and Les Lavières.
120
Describe the style of red wine of Savigny-Lès-Beaune.
White wine are produce here?
Which are some of the leader producers here?
An engraving dating from 1703 at the Château de Savigny describes the wines as nourishing, theological, and disease-defying—‘nourrissants, théologiques et morbifuges’.
A little white wine is produced from Chardonnay.
Chandon de Briailles and Simon Bize have been the leading producers based here.
121
Which are the particularity of Joseph Drouhin grower-merchant in Burgundy?
• It has its own nursery;
• 12,500 vines/ha (the average in Burgundy is 10,000);
• Modern viticultural technique approach;
• Domaine Drouhin Oregon represents one of the earliest french investments outside French itself, in 1987 with 50 ha (first commercial vintage based on PN in 1988, made from bought-in fruit).
122
Which are the important monopoles of Bouchard Père et Fils?
• Beaune: Clos de la Mousse, Clos St Landry;
• Volnay: Frémiets Clos de la Rougeotte.
123
When Puligny added to its name Montrachet?
1879.
124
Why in Puligny usually wines remain less time in barrel for the ageing?
Because water-table is nearer the surface, and so deep cellars ideal for ageing wine are rare in Puligny, and few of the village’s growers can prolong barrel maturation for more than about a year.
125
Briefly compare a Chassagne, a Puligny, a Mersault white wine.
Chassagne: steely power (less rounded than Mersault when young, sometimes similar to Puligny if less floral)
Puligny: floral and elegant, refined
Mersault: broad and round
126
Even if Chassagne is famous for its whites, were is concentrate the red production?
And were the white one?
Apart the white Grands Crus, which are the most famous Premiers Crus for excellent white wines?
How is the style of the reds?
The better soil for Pinot Noir, limestone marl with a red gravel content, lies mainly on the south side of the village towards Santenay and incorporates most of the village appellation, although La Boudriotte and Morgeot, among the Premiers Crus, make excellent red wines, as can Clos St-Jean closer to the village.
Suitable white wine soil tends to have more oolitic limestone and less marl in its make-up.
Among the Premiers Crus, the best known are Les Chenevottes, Clos de la Maltroie, En Cailleret, and Les Ruchottes.
Red Chassagne-Montrachet tends to be somewhat hard and earthy when young, mellowing with age but rarely achieving the delicacy of truly fine red burgundy.
127
Which was the wine trend production in Chassagne around 50 years ago? And now?
A big majority of red wine production; nowadays is exactly the opposite (trend inversion in favour of whites).
128
How is the vine rows disposition in Puligny? And in Chassagne?
Curiously, the vines in the Puligny half of the vineyard run in east–west rows, those in Chassagne north–south, reflecting the contours of the land.
129
Compare a Chevalier-Montrachet and a Bâtard-Montrachet in style, by highlighting which are the natural factors that influence it.
Chevalier-Montrachet: situated directly above the Puligny section of Le Montrachet, on thin, stony soil giving wines which are not quite as rich as the latter. Particularly sought after are the Chevalier-Montrachet, Les Demoiselles, from Louis latour and Louis jadot, and Chevalier-Montrachet, La Cabotte from Bouchard Père et Fils.
Bâtard-Montrachet: on the slope beneath Le Montrachet, also spans the two communes, producing rich and heady wines not quite as elegant as a Chevalier-Montrachet.
130
Talking about the small hamlet of Blagny (in Meursault), which wine category is sold under the name Meursault-Blagny? And which under Blagny Premier Cru?
And, at the other end of the village, in Les Santenots, Meursault Santenots refers to? And Volnay Santenots?
Meursault-Blagny=white wines;
Blagny Premier Cru=reds (lean and fine in style);
Meursault Santenots=whites;
Volnay Santenots=reds.
131
Which Premier Cru of Meursault was cited under the name “tête de cuvée” vineyard in the original classification of 1861?
Les Perrières, which high quality might have been classified as a Grand Cru.
132
Compare Les Perrières, Les Genevrières and Les Charmes in style.
All are important Premiers Crus of Meursault.
Les Perrières: the richest wine in Meursault, its character depends on the quantity of stones, which reflect the sun onto the vines;
Les Genevrières: close vineyard to Les Perrières, it produces particularly elegant wines;
Les Charmes: is the biggest of the three major vineyards and produces the most forward wines, seductive even in their youth.
133
Name some very famous vineyards of Meursault which are not Premiers Crus, nor Grands Crus, and explain why they are more interesting than the village wines of its neighbour Puligny-Montrachet.
Chevalières, Tessons, Clos de la Barre (monopole of the Domaine du Comte Lafon, located in the southern part of Meursault), Luchets, Narvaux, and Tillets. These are frequently more interesting than the village wines of Puligny-Montrachet, where the water table is higher. Furthermore, it is possible to dig cellars significantly deeper in Meursault, which enables many growers to prolong barrel maturation through a second winter, which improves the depth, stability, and ageing potential of the wines.
134
Where is made one of the three important annual feasts of Burgundy during the third weekend in November, that is part of the Trois Glorieuses (annual weekend devoted to wine, and food, in and around Beaune)?
Meursault is one of the hosting cities of that feast.
