cough

Question 1

what is an acute cough defined as?

Answer 1

<3 weeks

Question 2

what is a chronic cough defined as?

Answer 2

> 8 weeks

Question 3

most common cause of acute cough

Answer 3

acute upper respiratory tract viral infetion

Question 4

most common cause of chronic cough in a non-smoker with a normal chest Xray

Answer 4

GORD

chronic sinus disease

Question 5

what kind of cough does severe asthma or COPD cause?

Answer 5

prolonged wheezy cough

Question 6

what does a feeble, non-explosive bovine cough with hoarseness suggests?

Answer 6

lung cancer invading the left recurrent laryngeal nerve causing left vocal cord paralysis ≥÷

Question 7

what kind of cough does laryngeal inflammation, infection or tumour cause?

Answer 7

harsh, barking or painful cough and associated hoarseness

Question 8

what does a moist cough suggest?

Answer 8

secretions in the upper and larger airways from bronchial infection and bronchiectasis

Question 9

what does a persistent moist smokers cough suggest?

Answer 9

chronic bronchitis

Question 10

red flag symptoms associated with cough

Answer 10

haemoptysis
breathlessness
fever
chest pain
weight loss

Question 11

acute cough with a normal chest Xray

Answer 11

viral respiratory tract infection
bacterial infection
inhaled foreign body

Question 12

acute cough with an abnormal chest Xray

Answer 12

pneumonia

inhaled foreign body

Question 13

chronic cough with a normal chest Xray

Answer 13

GORD

asthma

Question 14

chronic cough with an abnormal chest Xray

Answer 14

lung tumour
Tb
ILD
bronchiectasis

Question 15

what kind of cough does pneumonia cause?

Answer 15

dry, centrally painful and non-productive cough

Question 16

what kind of cough does ILD cause?

Answer 16

chronic dry cough

Question 17

which condition is a nocturnal cough disrupting sleep a feature of?

Answer 17

asthma

Question 18

most common cause of dysphonia (hoarseness)

Answer 18

laryngitis

Question 19

which conditions do you get wheeze on exercise

Answer 19

asthma and COPD

Question 20

what does night wakening with wheeze suggest?

Answer 20

asthma or PND

Question 21

what does wheeze after wakening in the morning suggest?

Answer 21

COPD

Question 22

what is a wheeze?

Answer 22

high pitched whistling sound produced by air passing through narrowed small airways occurring with expiration

Question 23

what is stridor?

Answer 23

high pitches produced by airflow turbulence through a partial obstruction of the upper airway. occurring most commonly on inspiration.

Question 24

what does inspiratory stridor suggest?

Answer 24

narrowing at the vocal cords

Question 25

what does biphasic stridor suggest?

Answer 25

tracheal obstruction

Question 26

what does expiratory stridor suggest?

Answer 26

tracheobronchial obstruction

Question 27

common causes of stridor

Answer 27

infection/inflammation e.g acute epiglottitis in children and tumours of the trachea and main bronchi in adults

Question 28

cause of stertor

Answer 28

naso or oropharyngeal blockage

Question 29

causes of clear or 'mucoid' sputum production

Answer 29

chronic bronchitis and COPD with no active infection

Question 30

causes of yellow sputum production

Answer 30

acute LRTI (live neutrophils) and in asthma (eosinophils)

Question 31

cause of green purulent sputum production

Answer 31

COPD or bronchiectasis (dead neutrophils)

Question 32

cause of rusty red sputum production

Answer 32

early pneumococcal infection (lysis of RBC\)

Question 33

large volumes of purulent sputum which varies with posture

Answer 33

bronchiectasis

Question 34

suddenly coughing up large amounts of purulent sputum which varies with posture

Answer 34

rupture of a lung abscess or empyema into the bronchial tree

Question 35

large volumes of watery sputum with a pink tinge in an acutely breathless patient

Answer 35

pulmonary oedema

Question 36

causes of foul tasting or smelling sputum

Answer 36

anaerobic bacterial infection occurring in bronchiectasis, lung abscess and empyema

Question 37

what kind of haemoptysis does bronchiectasis cause?

Answer 37

intermittent haemoptysis associated with copious purulent sputum over years

Question 38

single episode of haemoptysis associated with symptoms such as pleuritic chest pain and breathlessness

Answer 38

pulmonary thromboembolism | infarction