Counseling and Helping Relationships

Question 1

Freud is the father of psychoanalysis, this is a form of treatment and comprehensive personality theory. According to Freud’s theory, inborn drives (typically sexual) help form the personality. _____and______, who originally worked with Freud, created individual psychology and analytic psychology.

Answer 1

Alfred Adler (Individual); Carl Jung (analytic).

Question 3

Eric Berne transactional analysis (TA) posits 3 ego states: child, adult, and parent. This roughly coincides with Freud’s structure theory that includes…

Answer 3

Id, ego, and superego

Question 4

In transactional analysis (TA) ____is the conscience or the ego state concerned with the moral behavior, while Freud’s theory is____

Answer 4

Parent, superego

Question 5

Freud felt that successful resolution of the Oedipus complex led to the development of The superego. This is done by…

Answer 5

Identification of with the aggressor, the parent of the same sex’s

Question 6

Freudians refer to the ego as

Answer 6

The executive administrator of the personality and reality principles

Question 7

Freud’s theory speaks of Eros and Thanatos. A client threatens self destruction is ruled by…

Answer 7

Thanatos (Greek word for death)

Question 8

Id is present at birth and never matures. It functions out of awareness to satisfy instinctual needs

Answer 8

Pleasure principle, suggesting humans desire instinct gratification such as libido, sex, or thirsty

-Id “pleasure principle”
-ego “reality principle”
-superego “ideal ego”

Question 9

If you think of the mind like a seesaw the fulcrum would be

Answer 9

The ego

Question 10

Free association

Answer 10

A therapist says to a patient “say whatever comes to mind.”

Question 11

Superego contains the ego ideal. Superego strives for ____rather than _____ like the id.

Answer 11

Perfection; pleasure

Question 12

All these theorist would be associated with the analyst movement

Answer 12

Freud, Jung, and Adler

Question 13

Systematic desensitization

Answer 13

Joseph Wolpe, developed this this paradigm. It is a form of behavior therapy based on Pavlov’s classical conditioning.

Question 14

Scholars would assert that Freud’s 1900 “The interpretation of dream”was his most influential. dreams have…

Answer 14

Manifest and latent content

Question 15

When a client projects unconscious feelings towards the therapist that they originally had toward a significant other is called

Answer 15

Transference

Question 16

Which case is not associated with the psychodynamic movement?

Answer 16

Little Albert was a famous case from the work of John Watson.

Question 17

In contrast to classical psychoanalysis, psychodynamic counseling…

Answer 17

Utilizes fewer sessions per week, doesn’t utilize the couch, and is performed face to face.

Question 18

Talking about difficulties in order to purge emotions is a curative process known as

Answer 18

Catharsis or abreaction

Question 19

Id, ego, superego is to structural theory as _____is to topographical theory

Answer 19

Unconscious, preconscious, and conscious,

Question 20

The most controversial aspect of Freud’s theory is

Answer 20

The Oedipus complex

Question 21

What is Subjective Units of Distress scale (SUDS)?

Answer 21

Evidence for the unconscious mind (process of introspection).

Question 22

Preconcious mind

Answer 22

Capable of bringing ideas, images, and thoughts into awareness.

Question 23

Unconscious process serve to a minimize anxiety and protect self
From severe id or superego demands

Answer 23

Ego defense mechanisms

Question 24

Repression

Answer 24

According to Freud the most important defense mechanism is Repression…

Question 25

Suppression (denial) differs from repression

Answer 25

Repression is automatics or involuntary

Question 26

Sublimation

Answer 26

An aggressive person who becomes a boxer because they are displaying sublimation

Question 27

An advertising agency imbeds SEX into an ad for center’s chemical dependency

Answer 27

None of the above! Sublimation, represssion, or introjection…

Question 28

Displacement

Answer 28

A man who received a nickel raise but wanted a dollar raise goes home and yells at his wife

Question 29

Sour grape relationalization

Answer 29

A students says they are not upset about a “F” grade that ruined his perfect GPA

Question 30

Sweet lemon rationalization

Answer 30

A new counselor’s office does not have AC but the counselor insists she likes to sweat to keep her weight in check.

Question 31

a client who integrated his father's values into his thought patterns is a product of

Answer 31

introjection

Question 32

interpretation in counseling

Answer 32

allows clients to be aware of their unconscious processes

Question 33

organ inferiority is related to

Answer 33

Alfred Adler's individual psychology

Question 34

insight is when clients

Answer 34

have "aha" moments

Question 35

C G Jung, the founder of analytic psychology, stated that men have logic, or the ____principle, while women have intuitive operation, or______.

Answer 35

Logos; eros

Question 36

mandalas used by who?

Answer 36

Jung used mandalas to analyze clients, himself, and dreams.

Question 37

_____emphasized need for superiority

Answer 37

Adler

Question 38

sibling interaction might have more power than parent-child interaction who believes this?

Answer 38

Alder

Question 39

neo-freudians highlight what in contrast to Freud?

Answer 39

social factors (Adler, Karen Horney, Erikson, Harry Sullivan...)

Question 40

introversion and extroversion is assoc. with

Answer 40

Jung

Question 41

Carl G. Jung is known for what instrument?

Answer 41

Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) which is a widely used personality test. (12+ thru adulthood, 4 letter code. extroversion or introversion, sensing/intuition, thinking/feeling, and judging/perceiving.

Question 42

Rudolph Dreikurs

Answer 42

first to talk about the use of group therapy in private practice

Question 43

Adler stressed the ppl wish to belong...

Answer 43

this is called social connectedness

Question 44

Adler first used paradoxical techniques with clients who were afraid to give presentations he said

Answer 44

exaggerate the behavior and shake in fornt of the class

Question 45

Jung said society caused men to deny their feminine side_____and women to deny their masculine side____.

Answer 45

anima; animus.

Question 46

what skill is being used when a counselor points out inconsistencies in a client's body language and what they are talking about

Answer 46

confrontation

Question 47

an example of a counselor concerned with symptom substitution

Answer 47

6 y/o client who stops sucking his thumb will resort to nail biting

Question 48

an eclectic counselor

Answer 48

chooses to use a theory based on the client's situation

Question 49

the term electic is closely related to

Answer 49

Frederick Thorne

Question 50

countertransference

Answer 50

counselor's past is projected onto the client

Question 51

who stressed the importance of birth order, lifestyle, and family constellation?

Answer 51

Adler

Question 52

BF Skinner's reinforcement theory elaborated on

Answer 52

Edward Thorndike's law of effect

Question 53

Who is known for classical conditioning?

Answer 53

Ivan Pavlov

Question 54

what is an unconditioned stimulus? (UCS)

Answer 54

association that naturally occurs like an animal salivation (unlearned thing)

Question 55

instrumental learning is

Answer 55

Skinner's operant condition

Question 56

reflexes

Answer 56

respondent behavior

Question 57

all reinforcers

Answer 57

increase the likelihood that the behavior will occur

Question 58

true or false: all negative reinforcements are punishment

Answer 58

False.

Question 59

Pavlov's experiment using dogs, the bell was ______and the meat was______.

Answer 59

CS; UCS

Question 60

John B. Watson's name is associated with

Answer 60

Little Albert

Question 61

difference btw Pavlov and Skinner?

Answer 61

-Skinner is behavior modification, operant, and instrumental. -Pavlov is behavior therapy, classical and respondent.

Question 62

what was the significan of the Little Albert experiment by John Watson and Rosalie Rayner?

Answer 62

a phobia can be learned

Question 63

John B Watson is to cause as Mary Cover Jones is to

Answer 63

cure. learning could serve as a treatment for phobias.

Question 64

higer-order conditioning

Answer 64

when new stimulus is paired with CS and takes on the power of CS

Question 65

EMG feedback

Answer 65

electromyogram and is used to measure muscle tension and is great for help with migraines

Question 66

what is EEG feedback?

Answer 66

electroencephalogram biofeedback, aka neurofeedback, is used to measure brainwaves.

Question 67

what is the rating on variable to fixed schedules?

Answer 67

(Most effective) VR, VI, FR, & FI (Least effective

Question 68

Joseph Wolpe est systematic desensitization...what does SUDS stand for?

Answer 68

subjective units of disturbance

Question 69

systematic desensitization consists of these steps

Answer 69

relaxation training, construction of anxiety hierarchy, desensitization in imagination, and in vivo desensitization.

Question 70

sensate focus is

Answer 70

behavioral sex therapy, couple is told to engage in touch/caressing to lower anxiety before sex is an option.

Question 71

implosive therapy

Answer 71

conducted in imagination and sometimes relied on psychoanalytic symbolism

Question 72

Flooding is

Answer 72

occurs when client is exposed to fear stimulus aka deliberate exposure with a response prevention.

Question 73

Logotherapy means

Answer 73

"healing through meaning" est. by Viktor Frankl and is existentialist.

Question 74

existentialist focus on

Answer 74

the here and now.

Question 75

Matt Buber's I-Thou statement means

Answer 75

the relationship is horizontal and assumes equality btw ppl.

Question 76

William Glasser is part of

Answer 76

reality therapy, incorporates control/choice theory.

Question 77

beliefs of reality therapy

Answer 77

excuses are not accepted, unconcious is avoided, and therapy is focused on the present. When the past is brought up it focuses on successful behaviors

Question 78

Glasser's position on mental illness is?

Answer 78

he rejects traditional medical model of disease and believes it gives ppl permission to act sick.

Question 79

Glasser's theory became popular in education when he wrote

Answer 79

schools without failure

Question 80

Willam Glasser is to reality therapy as Albert Ellis is to_______

Answer 80

rational-emotive behavioral therapy (REBT).

Question 81

REBT therapist is teaching a client to change cognitions...

Answer 81

self-talk or internal verbalization

Question 82

philospher related to REBT

Answer 82

Epectetus, stoic man who suggested we feel the way we think.

Question 83

REBT suggests the ABC theory of personality

Answer 83

A. activating event B. belief system C. emotional consequence

Question 84

ABC theory continues with intervent D & E.

Answer 84

D. dispute irrational behavior E. new emotional consequence