Course 1 Muscle List Flashcards by Sara Morris

Splenius Capitus Muscle

Origin: spinous processes of vertebrae C7-T3, nuchal ligament

Insertion: lateral superior nuchal line of occipital bone, mastoid process of temporal bone

Action: bilateral contraction: extends head/neck; unilateral contraction: ipsilateral lateral flexion and rotation of head/neck.

Innervation: Lateral branches of posterior rami of spinal nerves C2-C3.

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Gastrocnemius Muscle

Origin: Lateral Head: posteriolateral aspect of lateral condyle of the femur; Medial Head: posterior surface of medial femoral condyle, poplitial surface of femoral shaft

Insertion: Posterior surface of the calcaneus via the calcaneal tendon

Actions: Talocrual joint: plantar flexion; Knee joint: flexion

Innervation: tibial nerve (S1, S2)

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Semimembranosus Muscle

Origin: Superolateral impression of ischial tuberosity

Insertion: medial condyle of tibia

Action: hip joint: extension and IR; Knee joint: flexion and IR of tibia; stabilizes pelvis

Innervation: Tibial division of sciatic nerve (L5-S2)

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Fibularis Brevis Muscle

Origin: Distal 2/3 of the lateral surface of fibula, anterior intermuscular septum

Insertion: Tuberosity of the 5th metatarsal bone

Action: Talocrual joint: plantar flexion; Subtalar joint: eversion

Innervation: Superficial fibular nerve (L5, S1)

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Pectoralis Major Muscle

Clavicular part: anterior surface of medial half of clavicle; Sternocostal part: anterior surface of sternum, costal cartilages of ribs 1-6; Abdominal part: anterior layer of rectus sheath.

Insertion: greater tubercle of humerus

Action: Shoulder joint: adduction, IR, flexion (clavicular head), extension (sternocostal head); Scapulothoracic joint: draws scapula anterioinferiorly (protraction? Depressioni?)

Innervation: Lateral and medial pectoral nerves (C5-T1)

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Biceps Brachii Muscle

Origin: Short Head: apex of the coracoid process of the scapula; Long Head: supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula

Insertion: Radial tuberosity of the radius; Deep fascia of forearm (insertion of the bicipital aponeurosis)

Action: flexion and supination of the forearm at the elbow joint, weak flexor of the arm at the glenohumeral joint.

Innervation: musculocutaneous nerve (C5-C6)

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Longissimus Thoracis Muscle

Origin: Lumbar Part: lumbar intermuscular aponeurosis, medial part of sacropelvic surface of ilium, posterior sacroiliac ligament; Thoracic Part: spinus and transverse processess of vertebra L1-L5, median sacral crest, posterior surface of sacrum and posterior iliac crest.

Insertion: Lumbar Part: accessory and transverss processes of vertebra L1-L5; Thoracic Part: Transverse process of vertebra T1-T12, angles of ribs 7-12.

Actions: bilateral contraction - extension of spine, unilateral contraction - ipsilateral lateral flexion of spine.

Innervation: Lateral branches of posterior rami of spinal nerves

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Semitendinosus Muscle

Origin: (posteromedial impression of) ischial tuberosity

Insertion: proximal end of tibia below medial condyle (via pes anserinus) (Say Grace before Tea, Ant to post).

Action: hip joint: extension, IR; stabilizes pelvis; Knee joint: flexion, IR.

Innervation: Tibial division of sciatic nerve (L5-S2)

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Piriformis Muscle

Origin: anterior surface of the sacrum (between S2 and S4), gluteal surface of ilium (near posterior inferior iliac spine), Sacrotuberous ligament)

Insertion: (apex of) greater trochanter of the femer (I think anterior aspect)

Action: Hip joint: ER (when hip is flexed less than 90 degrees), IR (when hip is flexed 90 degrees or more), abduction (from flexed hip); stablizes head of femer in acetabulum.

Innervation: Nerve to piriformis (S1-S2)

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Vastus Intermedius Muscle

Origin: Anterior surface of femoral shaft

Insertion: quadriceps tendon

Actions: extends the knee joint

Nerve: femoral nerve

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Adductor Brevis Muscle

Origin: anterior body of pubis, inferior pubic ramus

Insertion: linea aspera of femur (medial lip)

Action: hip joint: flexion, adduction, external rotation; pelvis stabilization

Innervation: obturator nerve (L2-L4)

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Vastus Lateralis Muscle

Origin: intertrochanteric line, greater trochanter, gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera of femur

Insertion: Tibial tuberosity (via patellar ligament), patella, (lateral condyle of tibia)

Actions: extends and stablizes the knee

Nerve: femoral nerve

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Iliocostalis Lumborum Muscle

Origin: lateral crest of sacrum, medial end of iliac crest, thoracolumbar fascia.

Insertion: Angle of ribs 5-12, transverse processes of vertebra L1-L4 (+adjacent thoracolumbar fascia)

Action: bilateral contraction: extension of spine; unilateral contraction: ipsilateral lateral flexion of spine

Innervation: lateral branches of posterior rami of spinal nerves

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Cervical Multifidus Muscle

Origin: superior articular process of vertebrae C4-C7

Insertion: Lateral aspects and tips of the psinous processes of vertebrae 2-5 levels above origin (video said 1-3 levels).

Action: Bilateral contraction extension of the spine. Unilateral contraction: ipsilateral lateral flexion of spine, contralateral rotation of spine.

Innervation: medial branches of posterior rami of spinal nerves

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Fibularis (peroneaus) Longus Muscle

Origin: head of fibula, proximal 2/3 of lateral surface of fibula, intermuscular septa

Insertion: medial cuneiform bone, metatarsal bone 1

Action: Talocrual joint: plantar flexion; subtalar joint: eversion; Supports longitudinal and transverse arches of foot.

Innervation: Superficial fibular nerve (L5, S1)

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Soleus Muscle

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Origin: soleal line, medial border of tibia, head of fibula, posterior border of fibula

Insertion: Posterior surface of calcaneus (via calcaneal tendon)

Actions: talocrual joint; plantar flexion

Innervation: Tibial Nerve (S1, S2)

Gluteus Minimus Muscle

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Origin: gluteal surface of ilium (between anterior and inferior gluteal lines)

Insertion: anterior aspect of greater trochanter of femur

Action: Hip joint: abduction, IR (anterior part); pelvis stablilization

Innervation: superior gluteal nerve (L4-S1)

Infraspinatus Muscle

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Origin: Infrapsinous fossa of scapula

Insertion: greater tubercle of humerus

Action: shoulder joint: ER; stablizes humeral head in glenoid cavity

Innervation: suprascapular nerve (C5, C6)

Biceps Femoris Muscle

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Origin: Long head: (inferomedial impression of) ischial tuberosity, sacrotuberous ligament. Short head: liniea aspera of femur (lateral lip), lateral supracondylar line of femur.

Insertion: (lateral aspect of) head of fibula

Action: hip joint: extension, ER; Knee joint: flexion, ER; stabilizes pelvis

Innervation: Long head: tibial division of sciatic nerve (L5-S2). Short head: common fibular division of sciatic nerve (L5-S2)

Adductor Longus Muscle

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Origin: body of pubis, inferior to pubic crest adn lateral to the pubic symphysis

Insertion: middle third of linea aspera of femur (medial lip)

Action: Hip joint: flexion, adduction, external rotation; pelvis stabilization

Innervation: Obturator nerve (L2-L4)

Gluteus Maximus

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Origin: Lateralposterior surface of sacrum and coccyx, gluteal surface of ilium (behind posterior gluteal line), thoracolumbar fascia, sacrotuberous ligament)

Insertion: ilitobial tract, gluteal tuberosity of femur

Action: Hip joint: extension, ER, abduction (superior part), adduction (inferior part).

Innervation: inferior gluteal nerve (L5, S1, S2)

Teres Major Muscle

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Origin: inferior angle and lower part of the lateral border of the scapula

Insertion: intertubercular sulcus (medial lip) of the humerus. (bicipital groove)

Action: Extension and IR of the humerus

Innervation: lower subscapular nerve (C5-C7)

Rectus Femoris Muscle

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Origin: anterior inferiori iliac spine, supraacetabular groove

Insertion: Tibial tuberosity (via patellar ligament), patella

Action: hip joint: flexion; Knee joint: extension

Innervation: Femoral nerve (L2-L4)

Gracilis Muscle

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Origin: anterior body of pubis, inferior pubic ramus, ischial ramus

Insertion: medial surface of proximal tibia (via pes anserinus). (Say Grace before Tea - ant to post)

Actions: Hip joint: flexion, adduction; knee joint: flexion, tibial IR

Innervation: Obturator nerve (L2-L3)

Deltoid Muscle

Origin: Lateral 1/3 of clavicle (clavicular part), acromion (acromial part), spine of scapula (spinal part) Insertion: deltoid tuberosity of humerus Action: Clavicular part: flexion and internal rotation of the arm; Acromial part: abduction of the arm beyond the intial 15\*; Spinal part: extension and external rotation of the arm. Innervation: Axillary nerve (C5, C6)

Tibialis Anterior Muscle

Origin: lateral surface of tibia, interosseaous membrane Insertion: Medial cuneiform bone, base of metatarsal bone 1 Action: talocrual joint: dorsiflexion; subtalar joint: inversion Innervation: Deep fibular nerve (L4, L5)

Latissimus Dorsi Muscle

Origin: Vertebral Part: spinous processes of vertebrae T7-T12, Thoracolumbar fascia; Iliac Part: Posterior third of crest of ilium; Costal Part: Ribs 9-12; Scapular Part: inferior angle of scapula Insertion: Intertubercular sulcus of the humerus (bicipital groove), between pectoralis major and teres major muscles (lady between the two majors) Actions: Shoulder joint: IR, adduction, extension; assists in respiration. Innervation: Thoracodorsal nerve (C6-C8)

Splenius Cervicis Muscle

Origin: Spinous processes of T3-T6 vertebrae Insertion: Transverse processes of C1-C3 Action: unilateral contraction: ipsilateral lateral flexion and rotation of neck; Bilateral contraction: extension of the neck. Innervation: lateral branches of posterior rami of lower cervical spinal nerves

Tensor Fascia Latae Muscle

Origin: outer lip of anterior iliac crest, ASIS Insertion: Iliotibial tract Action: hip joint: IR, (weak abduction); Knee joint: tibial ER, (weak knee flexion/extension); Stablizes hip and knee joints. Innervation: Superior gluteal nerve (L4-S1)

Vastus Medialis Muscle

Origin: intertrochanteric line, pectineal lione of femur, linea aspera, medial supracondylar line of femur Insertion: quadriceps tendon Action: extends knee Nerve: femoral nerve

Teres Minor Muscle

Origin: lateral border of scapula Insertion: greater tubercle of humerus Action: shoulder joint: ER, Adduction; stablizes humeral head in glenoid cavity Innervation: axillary nerve (C5, C6)

Gluteus Medius Muscle

Origin: Gluteal surface of ilium (between anterior and posterior gluteal lines) Insertion: lateral aspect of greater trochanter of femur Action: Hip joint: abduction, IR (anterior part); pelvis stabilization. Innervation: Superior gluteal nerve (L4-S1)

Trapezius Muscle

Origin: descending part (superior fibers): medial third of the superior nuchal line, external occipital protuberance: Transverse part (middle fibers): nuchal ligament attached to the spinous processes of C1-C6 vertebrae, spinous processes and suprapspinous ligaments of vertebrae C7-T3; Ascending part (inferior fibers): spinous processes and supraspinous ligaments of vertebrae T4-T12. Insertion: Descending npart (superior fibers): lateral third of clavicle; Transaverse part (middle fibers): medial acromial margin, superior crest of spine of scapula; Ascending pnnart (inferior fibers): lateral aspect of the medial and of the scapular spine Action: Descending part (superior fibers): scapulothoracic joint: draws scapula superomedially; atlantooccipital joint: extension of head and neck, lateral flexion of head and neck (ipsilateral); Transverse part (middle fibers): scapulothoracic joint: draws scapulae medially (retraction); Ascending Part (inferior fibers): scapulothoracic joint: drows scapula inferomedially Innervation: Motor: accessory nerve (CN XI); Motor/sensory: ventral rami of spinal nerves C3-C4 (via cervical plexus)

Adductor Magnus Muscle

Origin: Adductor part: inferior pubic ramus, ischial ramus; Ischiocondylar part: ischial tuberosity Insertion: adductor part: gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera (medial lip), medial supracondylar line. Ischiocondylar part: adductor tubercle of femur Action: Adductor part: hip joint: flexion, adduction, ER; Hamstring part: hip joint: ER, IR; Entire muscle: pelvis stabilization Innervation: adductor part: Obturator nerve (L2-L4); Ischiocondylar part: Tibial division of sciatic nerve (L4).

Triceps Brachii Muscle

Origin: Long Head: infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula; Medial Head: posterior surface of the humerus (inferior to the radial groove); Lateral head: posterior surface of the humeruse (superior to the radial groove). Insertion: olecranon of ulna and fascia of forearm Action: Elbow joint: extension; shoulder joint: extension and adduction (long head). Innervation: Radial nerve (C6-C8)

Multifidus Lumborum Muscle

Origin: Mamillary processes of lumbar vertebra (near superior facet), posterior aspect of sacrum, PSIS, and posterior sacroiliac ligament. Insertion: Lateral aspect and tips of the spinous processes of vertebrae 2-5 levels above origin (on video it was 1-3). Action: bilateral contraction: extension of spine; Unilateral contraction: ipsilateral lateral flexion of spine, contralateral rotation of spine. Innervation: medial branches of posterior rami of spinal nerves

Course 1 Muscle List Flashcards

(38 cards)