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Coursera | Cybersecurity 🤍 > Course 3 | Connect and Protect_ > Flashcards

Course 3 | Connect and Protect_ Flashcards

connect and protect_ (71 cards)

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1
Q

What is a Land Area Network (LAN)?

A

A network primarily used by offices and smaller spaces.

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2
Q

What is a Wide Area Network (WAN)?

A

A network primarily used by a bigger area, like an organization, and larger spaces.

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3
Q

What does ipconfig do?

A

A command line that checks if the router has issued the user’s device a unique IP and is connected to the internet.

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4
Q

What is a hub?

A

Sends data to every device on the network.

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5
Q

What is a switch?

A

Sends data to a specific device using a MAC address.

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6
Q

What is a router?

A

Connects multiple networks together using IP addresses to route the traffic.

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7
Q

What is a modem?

A

Connects your network to the internet through your Internet Service Provider (ISP).

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8
Q

What is a firewall?

A

A security tool that blocks or allows traffic into or out of your network.

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9
Q

What is a server?

A

Provides information and services for devices on the network?

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10
Q

What are virtualization tools?

A

Software that simulates network devices.

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11
Q

What is cloud computing?

A

The use of remote servers and services over the internet instead of local computers.

Google Drive, Dropbox, Microsoft 365

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12
Q

What is a cloud network?

A

A group of connected remote servers that store data and run services online.

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13
Q

What is a Cloud Service Provider (CSP)?

A

A company that offers cloud storage and services.

AWS, Azure, Google Cloud

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14
Q

What is Software as a Service (SaaS)?

A

Software apps that run online, not on your device.

Gmail, Zoom, Microsoft Teams

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15
Q

What is Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)?

A

Cloud-based access to servers, storage, or networking.

It’s like renting a virtual machine.

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16
Q

What is Platform as a Service (PaaS)?

A

Tools developers use to build and test apps in the cloud.

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17
Q

What are Software-Defined Networks (SDNs)?

A

Virtual network devices like switches and routers, controlled by software.

This is easier for large networks because it is remote.

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18
Q

What is a data packet?

A

A small unit of data sent across a network from one device to another.

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19
Q

What is bandwidth?

A

The amount of data a device can receive per second.

A high amount of bandwidth means a smoother connection.

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20
Q

What is packet sniffing?

A

Monitoring and capturing data packets as they travel across a network.

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21
Q

What is a Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)?

A

Sends data in order and checks that it arrives correctly.

Loading websites, sending emails, or downloading files.

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22
Q

What is a User Datagram Protocol (UDP)?

A

Sends data quickly without checking if it arrives correctly.

Streaming videos, making calls, or playing games.

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23
Q

What is an Internet Protocol (IP)?

A

Sends data to the correct destination using IP addresses.

A device connecting to another device.

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24
Q

What is a Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)?

A

Sends website content like text and images.

Visiting a regular website.

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25
What is a Secure Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTPS)?
Sends website content securely using ecryption. | Visiting more secure sites, like banks.
26
What is a File Transfer Protocol (FTP)?
Sends large files between two systems. | Uploading or downloading files to/from a server.
27
What is a Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)?
Sends email from a device to a mail server. | Outlook, Apple Mail, Gmail
28
What is a Domain Name System (DNS)?
Sends website name requests and returns IP addresses. | Typing a website name into a browser - a request.
29
What is a Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)?
Sends IP addresses to devices that join a network. | Connecting to the Wi-Fi or Ethernet.
30
What is a Secure Shell (SSH)?
Sends login access to remote devices securely. | Managing servers or remote systems securely.
31
What is a Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP)?
Sends test messages and error reports between devices. | Using tools like [ping] to test connections.
32
How does IP work with TCP or UDP?
IP routes the packet, TCP or UDP decides *how* it's sent. | TCP/IP Model, reliable or fast
33
What is IPv4?
An older IP version that uses 32-bit addresses. | 192.168.1.1
34
What is IPv6?
A newer version using 128-bit addresses. | IPv4 is running out of addresss space, abcd:1234:5678::9
35
# IPv4 Header Fields What is the Version (VER) ?
Says this is an IPv4 packet. | So the devices know what rules to follow.
36
# IPv4 Header Fields What is the Header Length (IHL)?
Says where the header ends and the data starts. | So the device can find the message inside.
37
# IPv4 Header Fields What is a Type of Service (ToS)?
Says how important or urgent the packet is. | Helps routers prioritize data. (steaming vs sending an email)
38
# IPv4 Header Fields What is the Total Length?
Says how big the entire packet is. | Devices will know how much to read.
39
# IPv4 Header Fields What is Identification?
Provides the packets with a unique ID number. | Helps with reassembly if something split up.
40
# IPv4 Header Fields What are Flags?
Says whether the packet is allowed to broken up. | This is relayed to routers.
41
# IPv4 Header Fields What is the Fragment Offset?
Says whether the packet is allowed to be broken up. | This is relayed to routers.
42
# IPv4 Header Fields What is the Time to Live (TTL)?
Says how many "hops" the packet can take before dying. | Prevent infinite looping.
43
# IPv4 Header Fields What is the Protocol?
Says which protocol is being used. | So the device knows how to read the data.
44
# IPv4 Header Fields What is the Header Checksum?
Checks errors in the header. | Checks if the packet got damaged.
45
# IPv4 Header Fields What is the Source IP Address?
Says who sent the packet. | Needed for replies.
46
# IPv4 Header Fields What is the Destination IP Address?
Says who should receive the packet. | So the packet gets to the right device.
47
# IPv4 Header Fields What are Options?
Optional extra settings for security or routing. | Rarely used.
48
What is a Media Access Control (MAC) address?
A unique ID number built into every device's network card (NIC). | 00:A0:C9:14:C8:29, used within LANs
49
What is a port?
A doorway inside a device that helps organize incoming and outgoing data by service or app type.
50
Port Number : 25
Sending email (SMTP)
51
Port Number : 443
Secure web traffic (HTTPS)
52
Port Number : 20
File transfers (FTP - data channel)
53
What are the TCP/IP and OSI Models?
Frameworks that explain how data travels from one device to another.
54
# TCP/IP Model Layers What is the Application layer?
Where apps like browsers and email live. | Chrome, Outlook, SSH
55
# TCP/IP Model Layers What is the Transport layer?
Ensures reliable delivery of data. | TCP, UDP
56
# TCP/IP Model Layers What is the Internet layer?
Moves data between networks using IP addresses. | IP, ICMP
57
# TCP/IP Model Layers What is the Network Access layer?
Moves data over the physical network. | Ethernet, Wi-Fi, MAC address
58
# OSI Model Layers What is the Application layer?
User-facing programs.
59
# OSI Model Layers What is the Presentation layer?
Translates data formats. | Encryption
60
# OSI Model Layers What is the Session layer?
Manages open connections. | Ongoing conversations.
61
# OSI Model Layers What is the Transport layer?
Delivers data reliably. | TCP/UDP
62
# OSI Model Layers What is the Network layer?
Routes packets between networks. | IP addresses
63
# OSI Model Layers What is the Data Link layer?
Manages local traffic between devices. | MAC addresses, switches
64
# OSI Model Layers What is the Physical layer?
Sends bits across cables or Wi-Fi. | Ethernet, fiber, etc.
65
What is Network Address Translation (NAT)
A process that swaps private IP addresses with public ones for internet access.
66
What is the TCP Handshake?
A three-step process to start a TCP connection.
67
What is Address Resolution Protocol (ARP)?
Helps devices on the local network find each other. | Finding the MAC address that matches a known IP address.
68
What is a Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP)?
Used to monitor and manage network devices like routers, switches, and printers. | Application layer of the TCP/IP Model.
69
What is the Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP)?
Used to send quick network error messages and replies. | Internet layer in TCP/IP model, pinging, helps with troubleshooting
70
What is the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)?
Protocol that automatically assigns IP addresses and other network settings to devices. | Uses UDP ports 67 (server) and 68 (client). DORA
71
What is the Secure File Transfer Protocol (SFTP)?
A protocol that transfers files using SSH and AES Encryption. | Application layer of TCP/IP Model. TCP Port 22 because it uses SSH.

Coursera | Cybersecurity 🤍 (2 decks)

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