Course Hero Questions Flashcards
(39 cards)
Fluoroquinolone antibiotics are most likely indicated in which of the following conditions:
- Asthma
- Genital infections
- Follicular conjunctivitis
- GERD
-Genital infections
Which of the following is most likely an intervention for otitis media?
- Amoxicillin
- Aspirin
- Immunoglobulins
- Corticosteroids
-Amoxicillin
Which of the following best classifies penicillin, cephalosporins, and carbapenems?
- Protein synthesis inhibitors
- Mycolic acid synthesis inhibitors
- RNA synthesis
- Cell wall inhibitors
-Cell wall inhibitors
What statement is true regarding Beta lactamase inhibitors?
- May decrease absorption
- First dose effect
- Often combined with penicillin antibiotics
- Delayed absorption of oral drugs
-Often combined with penicillin antibiotics
Which of the following drug classes is/are used in initial hypertension management of African American population?
- Clonidine primary
- Beta Blockers primary
- Thiazide or CCB primary
- ACE-I primary
- ARB primary
-Thiazide or CCB primary
Which of the following groups of antibiotics is notable for side effects such as neurotoxicity or ototoxicity?
- Beta-lactams
- Aminoglycosides
- Tetracyclines
-Aminoglycosides
Which of the following groups of antibiotics has a beta-lactam ring in the molecular structure?
- Sulfonamides
- Macrolides
- Tetracyclines
- Fluoroquinolones
- Cephalosporins
-Cephalosporins
Which of the following medications is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic?
- Ciprofloxacin
- Azithromycin
- Amikacin
- Penicillin
-Ciprofloxacin
Which of the following medications or drug classes is commonly indicated for managing gestational hypertension?
- Spironolactone (Aldactone)
- Loop diuretics
- Calcium channel blockers
- Dobutamine
- Calcium gluconate
-Calcium channel blockers
Which of the following best describes aminoglycosides, macrolides, and clindamycin?
- Protein synthesis inhibitors
- Folic acid synthesis inhibitors
- Cell wall inhibitors
- Mycolic acid synthesis inhibitors
-Protein synthesis inhibitors
The long half-life of amiodarone contributes to which of the following?
- Enhanced therapeutic effects
- Liver toxicity
- Decreased dosing
- Short onset of action
-Liver toxicity
Pharmacokinetics involve the study of which factor?
- Distribution rates among various body compartments
- Physiologic interactions of drugs
- Interactions among various drugs
- Adverse reactions to medications
-Distribution rates among various body compartments
Which route of drug administration is used with potent and lipophilic drugs in a patch formulation and avoids first-pass metabolism?
- Oral
- Topical
- Rectal
- Transdermal
-Transdermal
Patients who have a poor metabolism phenotype will have:
- A need for increased dosages of medications
- Increased elimination of an active drug
- Accumulation of inactive metabolites of drugs
- Slowed metabolism of prodrug into active drug leading to accumulation of prodrug
-Slowed metabolism of prodrug into active drug leading to accumulation of prodrug
Lower doses of sublingual nitroglycerin can be used effectively because:
- It bypasses the liver
- The potency is 100 times higher
- It does not need to be absorbed into the bloodstream
- It is not catabolized down by gastric acids
-It bypasses the liver
Which term refers to the ratio between a drug’s therapeutic effects and its toxic effects?
- Cumulative effect
- Therapeutic index
- Tolerance
- Affinity
-Therapeutic index
In geriatric patients the percentage of body fat is increased. What are the pharmacologic implications of the physiologic change?
- A lipid soluble medication will be eliminated more quickly and not work as well
- Absorption of lipid soluble drugs is impaired in older adults
- The bioavailability of the lipid soluble drug will be increased in older adults
- A lipid soluble medication will accumulate in fat tissue and its duration of action may be prolonged
-A lipid soluble medication will accumulate in fat tissue and its duration of action may be prolonged
**This does seem like the best answer, but the book says “increase in body fat in older adults provides a storage depot for lipid-soluble drugs. As a result, plasma levels of these drugs are reduced, causing a reduction in responses.
A patient diagnosed with otitis externa and taking a fluoroquinolone with glucocorticoid benefit is taking the medication together, you reply:
- The glucocorticoid reduces the swelling caused by the inflammation and ear infection
- The glucocorticoid decreases the likelihood of antibiotic resistance
- The glucocorticoid decreases the adverse effects of the fluoroquinolone
- The two medications are contraindicated for use together
-The glucocorticoid reduces the swelling caused by the inflammation and ear infection
A two-year-old child presents to the clinic with arthralgia and fever. The left tympanic membrane is erythematous and bulging. The right tympanic membrane is perforated and draining. The child’s parent states “this is the fifth ear infection this year, what can we do?”. What action will the provider take to address the child’s ear problems?
- Prescribe amoxicillin/clavulanate and refer the child to an otolaryngologist
- Prescribe both ceftriaxone (Rocephin) IM with benzocaine ear drops for pain
-Prescribe amoxicillin/clavulanate and refer the child to an otolaryngologist
A patient is diagnosed with otitis externa. Comorbidities include DM, HTN, and advanced multiple sclerosis. Which type of education regarding medication administration would you provide?
- The oral administration of a prescription for hydrocortisone/neomycin/polymyxin B combination solution
- The oral administration of a prescription for fluoroquinolone
- The administration of topical combination of fluoroquinolone/glucocorticoid combination solution
- The administration of topical medication for a prescription of alcohol plus acetic acid solution
-The oral administration of a prescription for fluoroquinolone
A patient who has congestive heart failure requires a diuretic. The patient also has a history of chronic kidney disease with a glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of less than 30ml/min. Which drug would you prescribe this patient?
- Methyclothiazide
- Metolazone
- Loop diuretics
-Loop diuretics
Factors released by platelets contribute to hemostasis by enhancing
- Fibrinolysis
- Vasodilation
- Intrinsic pathway
- Platelet aggregation
-Platelet aggregation
A patient has been receiving iron replacement therapy for 2 days after hip replacement surgery. The provider is alerted to the following assessment data:
Patient is pale and reports feeling tired, patient’s stools appear black, patients HR is 98, Resp 20, BP 100/50. What order will the provider take initially to best assure appropriate care for this patient?
- Packed red blood cells
- Hemoglobin and hematocrit
- Hypertonic fluid bolus
- Stool guaiac
-Hemoglobin and hematocrit
A woman taking a drug for high LDL-cholesterol experiences muscle tenderness and pain with no apparent cause. Which agent is likely to cause this adverse effect?
- Fenofibrate
- Niacin
- Atorvastatin
- Colestipol
-Atorvastatin
