Course Overview Flashcards
(34 cards)
Define health.
A state of complete physical, mental and social wellbeing, and not merely just the abscence of disease (physical, spiritual, social, mental, emotional).
Define wellness.
An active process of becoming aware of and making choices toward a healthy and fulfilling life.
List the different models of health.
- Biomedical model.
- Biopsychosocial model.
- Social model.
- Wellness model.
Describe the biomedical model for health.
- Focus on physical/biological aspects of disease/illness and how to diagnose, treat and cure said condition.
- It overlooks other factors.
Describe the biopsychosoical model for health.
- Holistic approach considering
biological, psychological, and
social factors. - Holistic in nature as it looks into the various factors which contribute to a persons life and not just disease/illness.
Describe the social model for health.
- Greater emphasis on the social determinants of health e.g. socioeconomic status, education, environment.
- Focus on health outcomes for
individuals and communities.
Describe the wellness model for health.
- Focus on achieving higher levels of wellbeing.
- Emphasis on prevention and health promotion.
- Strategies for maintaining wellness.
Describe the Social and Emotional Wellbeing
Model for Aboriginal and Torres
Strait Islander Peoples.
- Culture and cultural identity are critical foundations of a person’s social and emotional wellbeing and their capacity to lead successful and fulfilling lives.
- Connection to land, ancestors, community, culture, family and kinship etc.
Define social determinant of health.
Circumstances in which people are born, grow up, live, work and age, and the systems put in place to deal with illness.
These circumstances are in turn shaped by a wider set of forces: economics, social policies, and
politics.
State the social determinants of health.
- Healthy child developement.
- Social support networks.
- Education literacy.
- Employment/working conditions.
- Social enviroments.
- Physical enviroments.
- Health practices/coping skills.
- Health services/resources.
- Cultural strenghts, values, beliefs, needs, gender.
- Biological/genetic characteristics.
Describe the social gradient of health.
A lower socioeconomic level results in less favourable health outcomes and higher rates of disability and death, and lower life expectancy.
Socioeconomic level determined by education level, income, level of occupation.
Distinguish between equity and equality.
Equity = the distribution of resources on the basis
of need. Fairness. We must first ensure equity before we can enjoy equality.
Equality = sameness. Giving everyone the same thing only works if everyone starts from the
same place.
State the PHC principles.
- Access and equity.
- Empowerment, health literacy and community participation.
- Cultural sensitivity and cultural safety.
- Intersectoral collaboration.
- Health promotion.
- Appropriate technology.
Define PHC.
A philosophy or approach to providing care that incorperates equity, access, social justice and the social model for health.
List examples of PHC setings.
- Community health.
- General practice.
- Ages care.
- Schools.
- Correctional health.
- Refugee health.
List the ottawa charter priority action areas.
- Building healthy public policy.
- Create supportive enviroments.
- Strenghten community action.
- Develop personal skills.
- Re orient health services.
Distinguish between primary care and primary health care.
Primary care:
- Episodic.
- Treatment, rehabilitation focus.
- Individual approach.
- Biomedical model for health.
- Health sector focus.
- Modify lifestyle and behavioural factors.
Primary health care:
- Continuous.
- Holisitc approach.
- Community approach.
- Social model of health.
- Intersectorial focus.
- Modify structural/enviromental factos.
Identify factors affecting vulnerability.
- Age
- Gender
- Ethnicity
- sexual orientation
- exposure to violence, warfare, trauma
Define volnerable populations.
Groups of people who experience a disproportionate burden of disease, due to barriers to accessing adequate health care, that can lead to differences in health outcomes and life expectancy.
Provide examples of volnerable populations.
- First Nations People: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander
- Children and youth
- Mother & babies
- Older people >64 years of age
- Culturally and linguistically diverse people (CALD)
- Sexuality and gender diverse people (LGBTQI+)
- People living with mental illness
- People in low socioeconomic groups
- People living with disability
- People living in rural, regional and remote locations
State the national health priority areas.
- Cardiovascular disease
- Cancer
- Mental health
- Arthritis
- Dementia
- Diabetes
- Injury
- Asthma
- Obesity
Stat the 5 leading disease groups causing burden in 2023.
- cancer
- mental health/substance abuse.
- muscoskeletal
- cardiovascular
- neurological
Define public health.
Funded primarily by the government through taxes. Services include hospital care, primary care, and public health initiatives. Medicare is the cornerstone of public health care, providing universal coverage.
Define private health
Funded by private health insurance premiums and out-of-pocket payments. It offers additional services and benefits, such as choice of doctor, shorter waiting times, and private hospital accommodations.
