Covalent Compounds and Dot Structures

Question 1

Molecular compounds are named with prefixes.

What are the prefixes used? (1-10)

Answer 1

mono
di
tri
tetra
penta
hexa
hepta
octa
nona
deca

Question 2

What are the three rules for naming molecular compunds?

Answer 2

1. the first name does not change
2. the second name ends in -ide
3. both names get a prefix besides the first name if there is only one atom

Question 3

What are electrolytes?

What type of bond is an electrolyte?

Answer 3

a substance that dissacoitiates into ions when placed into water
ionic bond (metal/non-metal)

Question 4

Room temp state?

Answer 4

ionic: brittle solids
covalent: solid, liquid, gas

Question 5

Melting point

Answer 5

ionic: high
covalent: low

Question 6

conduct electrictiy?

Answer 6

ionic: in water
covalent: usually not

Question 7

valence elctrons

Answer 7

ionic: transferred from metal to non-metal
covalent: shared between non-metals

Question 8

naming

Answer 8

ionic: without prefixes
covalent: with prefixes

Question 9

formation

Answer 9

ionic: non-metal atoms take away electroms from metals
covalent: neither atom has enough attraction to take away electrons so they are shared

Question 10

bond strength

Answer 10

ionic: very strong
covalent: weak

Question 11

Example

*make up your own ionic/covalend bond

Answer 11

ionic: Sodium Oxide (Na2O) or
Iron (III) Oxide (Fe2O3)
covalent: Dihydrogen monoxide (H2O) or
Carbon monoxide (CO)

Question 12

shape

Answer 12

ionic: crystal lattic (cube)
covalent: highly order arangement

Question 13

Polar Molecules

unequal sharing of electrons

Answer 13

1. they have lone pairs of electrons on the central atom
2. they have different terminal atoms bonded on the central atom
3. their geometry is asymetric