Cover Test

Question 1

Orthophoria

Answer 1

perfect alignment in absence of stimulus for fixation

Question 2

Phoria

Answer 2

tendency for eyes to deviate when fusion is blocked

Question 3

Esophoria

Answer 3

phoria where eye moves in

Question 4

Exophoria

Answer 4

phoria where eye moves out

Question 5

Decompensating Phoria

Answer 5

motor fusion cannot overcome a phoria

Question 6

Tropia/ Strabismus

Answer 6

Manifest deviation
visual axes of both eyes do not intersect at fixation
causes diplopia or suppression of deviated eye

Question 7

Causes of Tropia

Answer 7

Anisometropia
Abnormality of extraocular muscles
Eye disease

Question 8

Cover-Uncover Test

Answer 8

shows presence of deviation
shows which direction/ magnitude and which eye
shows frequency of deviation
Always done first
Distance and near

Question 9

Cover: Phoria vs Tropia

Answer 9

P- both eyes aligned

T- One aligned, one not

Question 10

Uncover

Answer 10

Shows if tropia is alternating or unilateral

constant or intermittent

Question 11

Unilateral Tropia

Answer 11

one eye fixates when both eyes are open

Tropic eye only fixates when preferred eye is covered

Question 12

Alternating Tropia

Answer 12

can keep either eye on target when both eyes are open

Question 13

Comitancy

Answer 13

Deviation size is withing 5pd in all positions of gaze

Question 14

Noncomitancy

Answer 14

Deviation size is greater than 5pd in different positions of gaze