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Microbiology > CP 3 - Antiviral Agent > Flashcards

CP 3 - Antiviral Agent Flashcards

1
Q

what are some of the components of viruses

A

nucleic acid (DNA or RNA), protein (coat-structural, enzymes), possible presence of lipid envelope

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2
Q

how does virus like HIV replicate?

A

1 - virus attachment to cell via receptor
2 - cell entry
3 - virus uncoating
4 - early proteins produced - viral enzymes
5 - genome replication
6 - late transcription/translation - viral structural proteins
7 - virus assembly
8 - daughter virus release from host cells

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3
Q

what is azidothymidine

A

AZT - inhibit HIV replication as it is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI)

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4
Q

what is the function of nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors?

A

it inhibit reverse transcriptase

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5
Q

what is another name for azidothymidine

A

zidovudine

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6
Q

which organisms have polymerases which can convert RNA to DNA

A

retroviruses (HIV), Hep B

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7
Q

which organisms have polymerases which can convert RNA to RNA

A

RNA viruses

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8
Q

what are example for pyrimidine analogue?

A

zidovudine - thymidine analogue
Lamivudine - cytosine analogue
Purine analogue - abacavir/tenofovir

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9
Q

what does Hep B contain in common with HIV

A

reverse transcriptase

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10
Q

which drugs used against HIV can also be used against Hep B?

A

NRTI - lamivudine & tenofovir

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11
Q

what is NNRTIs

A

non-nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor

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12
Q

what are 2 examples of NNRTIs used against HIV?

A

efavirenz, nevirapine

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13
Q

what are some of the examples for protease inhibitor drugs

A

-navir

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14
Q

what is an example of a fusion inhibitor

A

enfuviritide

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15
Q

what is an example of an integrase inhibitors

A

raltegravir

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16
Q

what is an example of a chemokine receptor anatagonist

A

Maraviroc

17
Q

what does HAART stand for

A

highly active antiretroviral therapy

18
Q

what are some example of highly active antiretroviral therapy

A

2 NRTIS + NNRTI

or

2NRTIs + boosted PI

19
Q

what does HAART start

A

starts when CD4 falls

20
Q

what is an adverse effect of using antiviral drugs

A

resistance develop rapidly as the mutation rate of virus is very high

21
Q

what is aciclovir used for as an anti-viral drug used for?

A

Herpes Simplex virus & varicella zoster virus

22
Q

MOA for aciclovir

A

nucleotide analogue

23
Q

what is ganciclovir used for as an anti-viral drug used for?

A

cytomealovirus

24
Q

what are zanamavir & oseltamivir used for as anti-viral drug

A

influenza

25
Q

what is ribavirin used for as an antiviral drug

A

Hep C and RSV

26
Q

what is interferons used for as an anti-viral drug

A

Hep C and Hep B

Microbiology (8 decks)

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