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Term 4 > CPD > Flashcards

CPD Flashcards

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1
Q

Frequency: Bell vs. diaphragm

A

Bell: low frequency
Diaphragm: high frequency

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2
Q

Opthalmascope: red vs. green

A

Red: near-sighted
Green: far-sighted

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3
Q

Normal temperatures: axilla, oral, rectal

A

Axilla: 97
Oral: 98
Rectal: 99

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4
Q

Pre-menopausal women have higher/lower temperature than post-menopausal women & men

A

Higher

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5
Q

Temperature is lower/higher in the AM

A

Lower

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6
Q

After ovulation, temperature is higher/lower than before

A

Higher

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7
Q

Pre-HTN

A

120-139 / 80-89

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8
Q

HTN Stage 1

A

140-159 / 90-99

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9
Q

HTN Stage 2

A

160+/100+

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10
Q

What does one report when reporting the pulse?

A

Little red riding hood always carries snacks

Location, rate (brady/tachy), rhythm (reg/reg irreg/irreg reg), character (amplitude 0-4, contour), symmetry

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11
Q

What are the 5 vital signs?

A

Pulse, BP, Respiration, Temperature, Pain

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12
Q

How does one describe the character of pulse?

A

Amplitude & Countour

0: absent, not palpable
1: diminished, barely palpable
2: normal (easily palpable)
3: increased (extremely easy to palpate)
4: bounding, exaggerated

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13
Q

What vessel do you use to describe the contour?

A

R carotid

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14
Q

Describe the contour of the pulse.

A

Upstroke, plateau, downstroke

U: normal pulse contour has smooth, rapid upstroke, rounded brief plateau, less rapid downstroke

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15
Q

How do you describe respirations?

A

Rate, rhythm, depth, effort, patterns/symmetry

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16
Q

The pain scale goes from: ___ to 10

A

0

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17
Q

The best temperature to take on children

A

Rectal

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18
Q

How often does one measure height/weight?

A

Initially on presentation
Annually with preventive services exam
Daily for CHF, ESRD, Cirrhosis

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19
Q

Describe the various BMI categories.

A 
Underweight: < 18.5
Normal: 18.5-24.9
Overweight: 25-29.9
Obese 1: 30-34.9
Obese 2--severely: 35-39.9
Obese 3--morbidly: 40+
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20
Q

For children, how does percentile of weight translate into weight class?

A

Underweight: <5th percentile
Norm: 5th-85th percentile
Overweight: 85-95 percentile
Obese: 95th percentile

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21
Q

There are 7 disorders of gait

A
  1. Pain/antalgic
  2. Immotile joint–PF contraction, prolonged plaster
  3. Muscle weakness–Trendelenburg
  4. Spasticity
  5. Rigidity
  6. Ataxia
  7. Frontal gait disorder
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22
Q

A stomping gait is characteristic of…

A

tabes dorsalis

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23
Q

Describe the Trendelenburg gait.

A

Weak abductor function (G medius, minimus)

  • Abductors support the opposite pelvis during single limb stance
  • Pelvis drops to opposite side on walking
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24
Q

What is the waddle gait?

A

Bilateral trendelenburg

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25
A weak gluteus maximus walks this way...
Center of gravity behind the hip
26
When one has a weak quadriceps, how does s/he walk?
Hyperextension of knee; hand above the knee to support leg by preventing buckling
27
Foot drop
Excessive flexion of the hip and knee during the swing phase to clear foot from floor; knee may be jerked high in an attempt to dorsiflex the ankle * Uncontrolled slapping of forefoot as heel makes
28
A hemiplegic presents with the arm, fingers...
flexed, fingers; internally rotated
29
Puffy face and absent lateral eyebrow
Hypothyroidism
30
Moon facies
Cushings
31
Prognathism
Acromegaly
32
Big toe cut in shoe
Gout
33
United shoes
Pedal edema
34
Odors can indicate...
1. ETOH 2. DKA 3. SBO 4. Uremia 5. Liver dz
35
Cap/scarf on head
Hides scalp disorders
36
Migraine headache
``` Migraines Etiology: neuronal dysfunction 70% unilateral Throbbing, aching, rapid onset (1-2 hrs) Peak incidence: adolescence 15% women, 6% men Monthly recurrence Symptoms: nausea, vomiting, photophobia, phonophobia, aura Aggravated: ETOH, food, stress Relieve: quiet, sleep ```
36
Migraine headache
``` Migraines Etiology: neuronal dysfunction 70% unilateral Throbbing, aching, rapid onset (1-2 hrs) Peak incidence: adolescence 15% women, 6% men Monthly recurrence Symptoms: nausea, vomiting, photophobia, phonophobia, aura Aggravated: ETOH, food, stress Relieve: quiet, sleep ```
37
Tension headache
``` Etiology: unclear Tenderness peri-cranial muscles Bilateral, generalized/localized to back of head Steady, non-throbbing, mild-to-moderate Gradual onset 30 minutes-7 days; episodic/chronic ± Photophobia Massage/relaxation ```
37
Tension headache
``` Etiology: unclear Tenderness peri-cranial muscles Bilateral, generalized/localized to back of head Steady, non-throbbing, mild-to-moderate Gradual onset 30 minutes-7 days; episodic/chronic ± Photophobia Massage/relaxation ```
38
Cluster headache
Less than 1% prevalence (men > women) Unilateral, behind/around eye, temple Deep continuous severe pain, 3 hrs Episodic, clustered in time with several attacks every day for 4-8 weeks ANS: lacrimation, rhinorrhea, miosis, ptosis, edema eye ↑ sensitivity to ETOH
38
Cluster headache
Less than 1% prevalence (men > women) Unilateral, behind/around eye, temple Deep continuous severe pain, 3 hrs Episodic, clustered in time with several attacks every day for 4-8 weeks ANS: lacrimation, rhinorrhea, miosis, ptosis, edema eye ↑ sensitivity to ETOH
39
Angular chelitis
Angle of the mouth; fissures | Causes: ill-fitting dentures, absence of teeth, nutritional deficiencies (B2)
39
Angular chelitis
Angle of the mouth; fissures | Causes: ill-fitting dentures, absence of teeth, nutritional deficiencies (B2)
40
Herpes simplex
Painful, recurrent vesicles on the lips/surrounding areas | * Small cluster develops first, crust forms -- 10-14 days to heal
40
Herpes simplex
Painful, recurrent vesicles on the lips/surrounding areas | * Small cluster develops first, crust forms -- 10-14 days to heal
41
Lip carcinoma
Lower lip; scaly plaque (leukoplakia), ulcer, nodule | * Prolonged exposure to the sun
41
Lip carcinoma
Lower lip; scaly plaque (leukoplakia), ulcer, nodule | * Prolonged exposure to the sun
42
KS
Low grade vascular tumor; lesions deep purple in color, associated with HIV (HHV8)
42
KS
Low grade vascular tumor; lesions deep purple in color, associated with HIV (HHV8)
43
Koplik's spots
Early sign of MEASLES * Small white spots that resemble grains of salt that appear on buccal mucosa near first and second molar teeth * Rash appears within 1 day
43
Koplik's spots
Early sign of MEASLES * Small white spots that resemble grains of salt that appear on buccal mucosa near first and second molar teeth * Rash appears within 1 day
44
Leukoplakia
Thickened white plaque | * Chewing tobacco; can progress to carcinoma
44
Leukoplakia
Thickened white plaque | * Chewing tobacco; can progress to carcinoma
45
Gingival hypertrophy
Gums hypertrophied, red, cover teeth | * Puberty, pregnancy, leukemia, phenytoin (for epilepsy)
45
Gingival hypertrophy
Gums hypertrophied, red, cover teeth | * Puberty, pregnancy, leukemia, phenytoin (for epilepsy)
46
Hairy tongue
Brown/black elongated hairy papillae on dorsum of tongue; associated with Abx
46
Hairy tongue
Brown/black elongated hairy papillae on dorsum of tongue; associated with Abx
47
Hairy leukoplakia of the tongue
Affect sides of tongue; appear as white raised areas with a corrugated pattern; CANNOT be scraped off; associated with HIV/AIDS
47
Hairy leukoplakia of the tongue
Affect sides of tongue; appear as white raised areas with a corrugated pattern; CANNOT be scraped off; associated with HIV/AIDS
48
Apthous ulcer
Canker sore; Under the tongue, painful | * Oval/round, white in color, surrounded by halo of reddened mucosa; single/multiple
48
Apthous ulcer
Canker sore; Under the tongue, painful | * Oval/round, white in color, surrounded by halo of reddened mucosa; single/multiple

Term 4 (3 decks)

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