CPS First Nations Inuit and Metis Health Flashcards
(25 cards)
List the triad of features seen in FAS
- Prenatal and postnatal growth restriction
- Characteristic facial features
- CNS abnormalities
List 5 characteristic facial features of FAS
- Short palpebral fissures
- Midface hypoplasia
- Bow shaped mouth with thin upper lip
- Flat philtrum
- Increased intercanthal distance
List 3 CNS effects of FAS
- Microcephaly
- Impaired attention
- Learning disorders
- Hyperactive
- Delayed speech and fine motor skills
- Lack of social skills
- Lack of organization and sequencing
What are the most consistent physical findings of FAS besides facial features?
- Growth retardation
- Microcephaly
List two features of FAS that do not improve with age
- Poor judgement and ability to appreciate consequences
- Poor social skills
List the components of the CRAFFT screening questionnaire
C: Have you ever ridden in a car driven by someone who was high?
R: do you ever use alcohol to relax, feel better about yourself or fit in?
A: do you ever use alcohol alone?
F: do you ever Forget things that happened while you were drinking?
F: do Friends or Family members ever tell you to cut back?
T: have you ever gotten into Trouble while drinking?
List 3 long term effects of inhalant abuse
- Cardiomyopathy with distinct ECG changes
- Emphysema like abnormalities
- Hepatitis
- Distal RTA
- Bone marrow toxicity
- Menstrual disorders, pre-eclampsia, spontaneous abortions
- Neonatal withdrawal
- Fetal solvent syndrome: microcephaly, cognitive impairment
- Poor school performance, criminal behaviour, abuse of other substances, social maladjustment, low self esteem and suicidality
List 3 withdrawal symptoms of inhalant abuse
- Nausea, anorexia
- Sweating
- Tics
- Sleep disturbance
- Mood changes
List the causative triad for caries
- Presence of cariogenic bacteria
- Diet: Exposure to fermentable carbohydrates
- Host susceptibility: integrity of tooth enamel
List three negative health consequences associated with early childhood caries
- URTI
- AOM
- Growth problems due to altered eating, chewing, sleeping
- Speech problems and poor self esteem
- Obesity
- Risk of repeated exposure to general anesthesia
List 5 risk factors for development of ECC
- POVERTY! Single greatest RF
- Household crowding
- Family size
- Nutrition
- Health behaviours
- Parenting practices
- Poor parental oral health
- Environmental smoke exposure and maternal smoking
List 5 risk factors for MRSA
- Overcrowding
- Frequent skin to skin contact between people
- Participation in activities that abrade skin surfaces
- Sharing contaminated personal items
- Challenges in maintaining personal hygiene
- Limited access to health care
- Lower SES
- Exposure to antibiotics
List 5 strategies to manage MRSA SSTIs
- Keep wounds covered
- Dispose of used dressings
- Practice good hand hygiene
- Bathing regularly
- Washing clothing and bedding properly
- Seek medical attention if fever or systemic illness develops
- Clean contact surfaces regularly
What mite causes scabies?
sarcoptes scabei
What is the classic presentation of scabies?
- Burrows, erythemarous papules, generalized pruritis
- Worse at night
- Other family members similarly affected
List 3 complications from scabies
- Secondary bacterial infections
- PSGN if infected with strep
- Stigmatization
- Depression
- Insomnia
- Direct and indirect financial loss
What is the first line treatment for scabies?
- 5% Permethrin cream applied from the neck down and left on overnight and washed off in the morning
- Repeat in 7 days time as the treatment will not kill the eggs
- For infants need to apply to the face too
How to manage household contacts of a child with scabies?
Everyone needs to be treated at the same time because there is a 3 week window between the infestation and development of symptoms as what people are having is a delayed hypersensitivity reaction to the mite, the eggs or the skin rather than an immediate reaction to the bug alone.
List 5 fetal adverse outcomes associated with smoking
- Increased perinatal death
- Placental problems
- Preterm deliveries
- Fetal growth restriction
- Congenital anomalies (gastroischisis)
- SIDS
- Learning disabilities, ADHD
- Withdrawal symptoms
- Nicotine dependence in adulthood
List 3 adverse outcomes in kids who are exposed to second hand smoke
- Lower respiratory function
- Decreased lung growth
- Increased AOM
- Increased risk of SIDS
- Increased risk of asthma
List 3 RFs for motor vehicle collisions in indigenous youth
- Isolated communities with poor road conditions
- Health care facilities harder to get to
- ATVS and snowmobiles used in unsafe conditions
- Underuse of child restraints, inadequate enforcement of restraint laws
- Alcohol
What is the major cause of injuries and deaths in first nations children?
Motor Vehicle Accidents
Which first nations kids need to be screened for DM2?
- Need to have all of the following:
1. Aboriginal descent
2. BMI > 85th percentile
3. Age > 10 - Need to have any one of the following:
1. Sedentary lifestyle
2. Mother had gDM
3. 1st or 2nd degree relative with DM2
4. Acanthosis nigricans
5. Dyslipidemia
6. HTN
7. PCOS
What is the best way to screen aboriginal kids for DM2?
- Fasting plasma glucose (> 7mmol/L diagnostic for DM2)
- Random plasma glucose (>11.1 mmol/L diagnostic for DM2)
