Cranial Cavity

Question 1

middle meningeal artery entry, branching, supplies

Answer 1

foramen spinosum, parietal and frontal. supplies dura

Question 2

anterior cerebral artery supplies

Answer 2

cerebral hemispheres, except occipital lobes

Question 3

middle artery supplies

Answer 3

most of the lateral surfaces of brain hemispheres

Question 4

vertebral artery supplies

Answer 4

cranial meninges and cerebellum

Question 5

basilar artery supplies

Answer 5

brainstem, cerebellum and cerebrum

Question 6

posterior cerebral artery supplies

Answer 6

internal aspect of central hemisphere, occipital lobe

Question 7

posterior communicating supplies

Answer 7

optic tract, cerebral peduncle, internal capsule and thymus

Question 8

what drains into superior sagittal sinuses

Answer 8

superior cerebral veins

Question 9

inferior sagittal sinus drains into

Answer 9

straight sinus

Question 10

what drains into cavernous sinus

Answer 10

superior and inferior opthalmic veins, superficial middle cerebral vein, sphenoparietal sinus

Question 11

superior petrosal joins ____ to form sigmoid sinus

Answer 11

transverse sinus

Question 12

on dorsum sella at posterior end of cavernous sinus, drains directly into origin of IJV

Answer 12

inferior petrosal sinus

Question 13

runs along cerebellar tentorum, becomes sigmoid sinus

Answer 13

transverse sinus

Question 14

from transverse to IJV

Answer 14

sigmoid sinus

Question 15

in attached border of falx cerebelli, ends at confluence of sinuses

Answer 15

occipital sinus

Question 16

cerebral falx

Answer 16

attached to crysta galli, separates right and left hemispheres

Question 17

cerebellar falx

Answer 17

vertical infolding inferior to cerebellar tentorum, separates cerebellar hemispheres

Question 18

diaphragm sella

Answer 18

covers pituitary, has passage for infundibulum

Question 19

epidural space

Answer 19

between cranium and external periosteal layer of dura. Not a real space.

Question 20

epidural hemorage

Answer 20

middle menigeal nerve

Question 21

subdural space

Answer 21

between dura and arachnoid. venous bleeds, not a real space

Question 22

subarachnoid space

Answer 22

between arachnoid and pia. A REAL SPACE!

Question 23

CSF is in

Answer 23

the subarachnoid space. Choriod makes it, arachnoid granules absorb it

Question 24

Hydrocephalus

Answer 24

CSF overproduction, flow obstruction, or absorption failure. Enlargement of head, dilation of ventricles, thinning of brain

Question 25

cavernous sinuses drain to ____ sinuses & the ______ venous plexus via emissary veins

Answer 25

superior and inferior petrosal, pterygoid venous plexus. cavernous sinus FACE INFECTION!

Question 26

who passes through the cavernous sinus to get to the superior orbital fissure?

Answer 26

CN III, IV, & V1

Question 27

lymphatics in the cavernous sinus region

Answer 27

there aren't any!

Question 28

internal carotid U turn

Answer 28

as cavernous part becomes cerebral part at carotid canal

Question 29

blood supply to orbit

Answer 29

opthalmic, from internal carotid

Question 30

orbit drainage

Answer 30

s. and i. opthalmic veins, drain through superior orbital fissure to cavernous sinus

Question 31

lymphatics in the eyeball

Answer 31

nope!

Question 32

Horner's Syndrome

Answer 32

No sympathetics to the eye: ptosis, miosis, anhydrosis, flushed skin

Question 33

smooth muscles in the eye

Answer 33

ciliary, sphincter pupillae, dilator pupillae

Question 34

ciliary muscle

Answer 34

changes shape of lens to allow focusing (parasym)

Question 35

sphincter pupillar

Answer 35

makes pupil smaller (parasym)

Question 36

dilator pupillar

Answer 36

makes pupil large (sym)

Question 37

ADduct and look up

Answer 37

inferior oblique is okay

Question 38

ADduct and look down

Answer 38

superior oblique is okay (IV)

Question 39

ABduct and look up

Answer 39

superior rectus is okay

Question 40

ABduct and look down

Answer 40

inferior rectus is okay

Question 41

nasolacrimal duct

Answer 41

from lacrimal sac, opens to anterior part of inferior nasal meatus

Question 42

inferior nasal meatus

Answer 42

a horizantal passage inferolateral to nasal concha

Question 43

concha in the nose are named for

Answer 43

meatus below them (3)

Question 44

paralysis of geniohyoid

Answer 44

tongue shifts posteriorly, can choke you during anesthesia

Question 45

to anesthetize teeth (mandibular block)

Answer 45

pterygomandibular raphe, through superior constrictor deposit in inferior alveolar

Question 46

pterygomandibular raphe

Answer 46

Its medial surface is covered by the mucous membrane of the mouth. Its lateral surface is separated from the ramus of the mandible by a quantity of adipose tissue. Its posterior border gives attachment to the superior pharyngeal constrictor muscle. Its anterior border attaches to the posterior edge of the buccinator.

Question 47

cricothyroid joints important for

Answer 47

changes in length of vocal cords

Question 48

extrinsic muscles of the larynx

Answer 48

act on voicebox as a whole by depressing or elevating: infrahyoids (down) suprahyoids up

Question 49

intrinsic muscles of the larynx

Answer 49

confined to larynx, modify size of glottal slit and chord tension.

Question 50

which hyoid does larynx only?

Answer 50

thyrohyoid

Question 51

tympanic membrane separates

Answer 51

external and middle ear

Question 52

filled with auditory ossicles, stapedius and tensor tympani muscles, and tympanic plexus, and chorda tympanii nerve

Answer 52

middle ear

Question 53

pharynongotympanic tube connects

Answer 53

middle ear to nasopharynx

Question 54

what muscles pop the ear?

Answer 54

levator and tensor veli palatini

Question 55

where is the vestibulocochlear organ?

Answer 55

inner ear

Question 56

malleus, incus and stapes job

Answer 56

transmit sound to cochlea (fluid filled labyrinth)

Question 57

mastoid antrum

Answer 57

cavity in mastoid process: receives sound, provide voice resonance, and keep you from hearing yourself chew

Question 58

tensor tympani attaches to

Answer 58

maleus

Question 59

branches of the intermediate nerve (VII)

Answer 59

greater petrosal & chorda tympani

Question 60

what exits foramen cecum?

Answer 60

emissary to superior sagittal sinus

Question 61

what artery exits the optic canal?

Answer 61

opthalmic artery!

Question 62

opthalmic nerve and vein exit where?

Answer 62

superior orbital fissure

Question 63

what artery enters the foramen ovale?

Answer 63

accessory meningeal

Question 64

what enters foramen spinosum?

Answer 64

middle meningeal artery and vein, menigeal branch of mandibular nerve

Question 65

what enters foramen lacerum?

Answer 65

internal carotid artery and nerve plexus

Question 66

where do greater and lesser petrosal nerve exit

Answer 66

greater and lesser petrosal foramen (between spinosum and IAM)

Question 67

what's in the jugular foramen with CN IX, X, XI?

Answer 67

inferior petrosal sinus, sigmoid sinus, posterior meningeal arter

Question 68

what's in the condylar canal?

Answer 68

``` medulla oblongata meninges vertebral arteries menigeal branches of vertebral arteries spinal roots of accessory nerves ```