cranial cavity 2

Question 1

بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم وبه نستعين
_______________________
What are emissary veins mention examples

Answer 1

Vavless veins connetcing dural venous sinuses with extracranial veins
equalizing pressure intracranial nad may cause infection spread :
1-SSS: to
Nasal veins via foraen cecum
Scalp vens via parital formaen
2-Cavernous sinus :
To SOV
To Pterygoi venous pleux via foramen lacerum ovale shpenoidal
to internal jegular vein via juglar canal
3-Sigmois sinus to
Occipital veins via matsoid foramed
suboccipital veins via condylar canal
Internal Jugular vein via? Hypoglossal canal

Question 2

Emissary veins connecting SSS TO ?

Answer 2

1-nASAL veins via foramen cecum
2-scalp veins via partial foramen

Question 3

Emissary veins conncecting CS to?

Answer 3

1-SOV
2-Pterygoid venous pleyx via foramen lacerum ovale shpenoidal
3-internal juglar veins via juglar canal

Question 4

Emmisary veins connecting Sigmoid sinus to ?

Answer 4

MCH
Occipital veins via Mastoid Foramne
SubOccipital veins Via conduylar canal
Connections to internal juglar veins via? hypoglossal canal

Question 5

Diploic veins describe

Answer 5

Thin walled Valveless veins in the diploe of the skull may spread infection to dural sinuses
________________________
Frontal group to Supraorbital vein
Occipital group to Occipital vein
Anterior Temporal to SphenoPariteal
post temproal to transverse sinus

Question 6

Describe Trigemnial ganglion

Answer 6

It is ganglion of Fifth CN
Crescntric or Semilunar
in Trigeminal impression in pertrous tempral bone
and has it own area on dura Cavum Tirgimnale
__________________________

Question 7

types of cells of Trigemnial gagnglion ?

Answer 7

pseudouniplar with central process to pons
and peripheral process forming the famous 3 branches of Trigeminal :
Opthalmic
Maxillary
Mandibular

Question 8

Olfactory nerve cross ?

Answer 8

Cilibriform palate

Question 9

Optic canal what passes through?

Answer 9

Optic nerve

Question 10

Superior orbital fissure passed by?

Answer 10

O2TA
occlumotor
torochlear
abucents
+opthalmic of trigeminal

Question 11

Maxillay cross?

Answer 11

Foramen Rotandum

Question 12

Mandublar cross?

Answer 12

fORamne OVale

Question 13

7,8CN cross?>

Answer 13

Intrnal acoustic meatus

Question 14

9-10-11 cross —–with——

Answer 14

the juglar canal with internal juglar vein
+Inferior petrosal sinus

Question 15

12th CN cross? /

Answer 15

Hypoglossal canal
or Antreior condylar canal

Question 16

Mention petrosal nerves

Answer 16

Greater petrosal nerve from CN7
Carrying taste + Parasympathatic
Lesser petrosal nerve From CN9
Carrying Parasympatahtic
Deep petrosal Nerves :
Sympathatic from pleux around ICA

Question 17

DESCRIBE Middle meningeal artery

Answer 17

oRginate from first part of maxillary of ECA
then pass upwards between auricltemporal nerve root till foramen spinosum to enter Middle Cranial Fossa then between 2 dural layers grooving sequamous temporal groove then dividnig to frontal + parietal
supplying: Dura
Predominantly? Periosteum of skull

Question 18

pterion center is ?

Answer 18

joining of frontal + temproal + pariteal + ggRATER wing of sphenoid

Question 19

clininal imp of pterion ?

Answer 19

Thninnest part of skull trauma causing Fracture and MMA injury

Question 20

Extradural and subdural hemorrhage explain

Answer 20

Extradural : Arterial origin fom MMA
Subdural : Venous Origin
may show RBCs in CSF
Both hemohhrages casues cerebral compression

Question 21

When CCA divedied and to what is divided ?

Answer 21

At superior edge of thyroid cartilage
intervertebral Between C3-C4 in
to ICA AND ECA

Question 22

Internal carotid artery
Begning coures ending describe

Answer 22

Begins as one of two terminal branches of CCA at upper edge of Thyroid Cartilage at intervertebral disc Between C3-C4
__________________
COurse in 4 regions so has 4 parts
_________________
ending: ant and middle cereberal arteries
division occursbelow anterior perofrated substance

Question 23

Carotid sheath contains?

Answer 23

Cervical ICA
IJV
Vagus

Question 24

Describe Courese of ICA

Answer 24

C3P
Cervical: ascending in carotid sheath
Petrous : In carotid canal till foramen lacerum then to cavernous sinus surrouneded by? Carotid Sympathatic pleux
Cavernous in cavenous sinus till its anterior part in the medial wall (inferolateral to it is CN6_
Cerebral : till anterior perforated substance dividing into ant and middle cerebral arteries

Question 25

Mention braches of the ICA branches

Answer 25

Cervical : NO __________ Petrous : Coartico -tympanic branches to middle and inner ear ptyreoid branch to pterygoid canal CP _______________ Cavernous to : TMH Trigemnial ganglion Meningeal Hypophseal _________________ Cerebral : Opthalmic giving central Retinal artery end one Anterior cerebral middle cerebral PosteriorCommunicating Ant Choroidal for CSF PNT OAM

Question 26

SYSTEMS Suplplying brain ?

Answer 26

Carotid system: ant + middle cerebral Vertebro Basilar system posterior cerebral forming circle of willis

Question 27

Dura is drained by….&…..

Answer 27

Meningeal veins drain into dural sinuses Diploic veins

Question 28

Basilar plexus of veins:

Answer 28

connect 2 inf petrosal sinus

Question 29

SSS begins at…..&end at….to continue as….

Answer 29

Crista galli Internal occipital protuberance Right transverse sinus

Question 30

Superior cerebral.veins drain into

Answer 30

SSS

Question 31

Pulsations of ICA and ..... controls flow outside CS ?

Answer 31

Gravity Position of head

Question 32

post to CS?

Answer 32

Post: apex of petrous temporal bone & crus cerebri of midbrain

Question 33

Describe results of fracture of anterior cranial fossa

Answer 33

Bleeding and CSF rhinorrhea hemorrhage to orbital cavity below conjunctiva causing Black Eye

Question 34

Mention structures passing in foramen ovale

Answer 34

M2ALE Mandiublar nerve motor of Trigeminal Accessory memningeal art lesser petrosal Nerve Emissary veins

Question 35

Mention structures passing in foramen spinosum

Answer 35

Middle meningeal artery Meningeal branch of Mandibular Nevus spinosus

Question 36

the middle Cranial fossa is the weakest part why ?

Answer 36

Several Foramina Sphenoidal air sinus Middle Ear

Question 37

Middle cranial fossa fracutre results in ?

Answer 37

Bleeding and discharge of CSF from ear Affecting CN 7,8

Question 38

What is the largest & deepest cranial fossa

Answer 38

Posterior

Question 39

Mention structures passing jugular foramen

Answer 39

IJV posterolateral Inferior petrosal sinus antermedial CN 9,10,11

Question 40

Results of PCF fracture?

Answer 40

Bleeding into pharynx Blood collects in nape of neck and posterior Triangle of Neck

Question 41

Uniltaeral pulsating exophthalmos is due to ?

Answer 41

Carotid -Cavernous Fistula

Question 42

الحمدلله رب العالمين

Question 43

The strucutres in the lateral wall are separeted from what in the center by ?

Answer 43

Endothelial lining of the sinus

Question 44

Tribuitaris of Caveronus sinus

Answer 44

From Orbit : SOV+IOV Centeral vein for retina _________________ From brain suprfical middle cerebral Infero

Question 44

Tribuitaris of Caveronus sinus

Answer 44

From Orbit : SOV+IOV Centeral vein for retina _________________ From brain suprfical middle cerebral Inferor cerebral veins from tempral lobe ________________ from meninges: shpenoparital sinus Frontal Trunk of Middle Meningeal Vein

Question 45

How sigmoid sinus is formed?

Answer 45

Transvers with superior petrosal uniting

Question 46

Tear of middle meingeal artery casues?

Answer 46

Contralateral Hemiplegia

Question 47

Accessory meningeal artery

Answer 47

First part of maxillary artery entering foramen ovale Supplying skull + dura

Question 48

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