Cranial Cavity, Meninges and CSF

Question 1

What part of the floor of the cranial cavity cradles the frontal lobe

Answer 1

The anterior cranial fossa

Question 2

What part of the floor of the cranial cavity cradles the temporal lobe?

Answer 2

Middle Cranial fossa

Question 3

What part of the floor of the cranial fossa cradles the cerebellum and the brain stem?

Answer 3

Posterior Cranial fossa

Question 4

What bones make up the anterior cranial fossa?

Answer 4

Ethmoid, Frontal bone, and Sphenoid bone

Question 5

What bones make up the middle cranial fossa?

Answer 5

Spheroid bone, and temporal bone,

Question 6

What bones make up the posterior cranial fossa?

Answer 6

Occipital bone, and part of the temporal bone

Question 7

What are the meningeal layers from superficial to deep?

Answer 7

Dura Mater
Arachnoid Mater
Pia mater

Question 8

The Dura Pater splits into what two layers?

Answer 8

Meningeal

endosteal

Question 9

What specialized piece of Dura mater separates the two hemispheres of the brain and attaches superiorly on the brain

Answer 9

Falx Cerebri

Question 10

What specialized piece of Dura matter attaches to the four clenoid process for the pituitary.

Answer 10

Diaphragma sella

Question 11

What specialized piece of dura mater sit on the Occipital crest and split the brain into two hemispheres

Answer 11

Falx cerebelli

Question 12

What specialized piece of dura mater sits over the cerebellum splitting the cerebellum from the cerebrum

Answer 12

tentorium cerebelli

Question 13

If there is a Herniation in a space then the what will happen to the structures in the space?

Answer 13

They will shift

Question 14

What are the four cisterns

Answer 14

Superior cistern
Cisterna magna
Pontine cistern
Interpenduncular

Question 15

If there is an Uncal Herniation what cranial nerve would be compromised?

Answer 15

Oculomotor nerve Cranial nerve 3

Question 16

If there is a tonsillar Herniation what major structure would be compromised?

Answer 16

Medulla

Question 17

Where is the site of fluid transfer in the cranial meninges?

Answer 17

The Arachnoid granulations

Question 18

Describe Arachnoid mater

Answer 18

Mesh-like

Semi-transparent

Question 19

What space contains the CSF and blood vessels in the meninges

Answer 19

Subarachnoid space

Question 20

T/F the cranial meanings does not have an epidural space

Answer 20

True

Question 21

During development what arises from the leptomeninges

Answer 21

Pia and arachnoid

Question 22

Where do lymphatic vessels in the dura empty?

Answer 22

Into the deep cervical nodes

Question 23

What are the three meningeal arteries?

Answer 23

Ophthalmic, Occipital and vertebral arteries

Question 24

What provides innervation for the meninges above the tentorium cerebelli

Answer 24

Meningeal branches of trigeminal nerve (CN V)

Question 25

What provides innervation for the cranial meanings below the tentorium cerebelli

Answer 25

Meningeal branches of cervical spinal nerves 1-3

Question 26

What part of the midbrain goes through the free margin of the tentorial notch?

Answer 26

Rostral part of the midbrain

Question 27

What are the two major functions of CSF

Answer 27

- Protection and support | - Pathway for metabolites

Question 28

How can one tell if a patients choroid plexi are calcified

Answer 28

They appear in x-rays

Question 29

What kind of tissue lines the choroid plexus?

Answer 29

Ciliated Simple cuboidal epithelium,

Question 30

The choroid plexus is the expansion of ____ lining the ventricles

Answer 30

Ependymal epithelium

Question 31

After CSF is produced in the Choroid plexus of the lateral ventricles, how does the CSF enter the third ventricle?

Answer 31

Through the interventricular foramina

Question 32

Tight junctions of the epithelial cells on the choroid plexus form what?

Answer 32

The blood CSF barrier

Question 33

What is the purpose of the blood-CSF barrier?

Answer 33

To regulate the transport of macromolecules

Question 34

CSF production is mediated by the exchange and transport of ____ across the epithelium

Answer 34

Ions (CL-, Na+, HCO3)

Question 35

What is the purpose of the osmotic gradient in the choroid plexus?

Answer 35

Drives H2O from the blood and into the ventricular lumen

Question 36

The 5 secondary ventricles are remnants of what embryological structure?

Answer 36

Neural tube

Question 37

The lateral ventricles are remnants of what neural tube structure?

Answer 37

Telencephalon

Question 38

What secondary vesicle is remnant of the diencephalon?

Answer 38

Third ventricle

Question 39

The Cerebral aqueduct is remnant of what neural tube structure?

Answer 39

Mesencephalon

Question 40

What secondary vesicle is remnant of the both the mesencephalon and myelencephalon?

Answer 40

The fourth ventricle

Question 41

The caudal part of the myelencephalon and spinal cord make up the ____ in adults

Answer 41

Central canal

Question 42

CSF from the choroid plexus in the lateral ventricles and the third ventricles flows to the fourth ventricle through what structure?

Answer 42

Cerebral Aqueduct

Question 43

CSF enters the Subarachnoid space through what openings from the fourth ventricle?

Answer 43

The median aperture and lateral apertures

Question 44

CSF is found in what meningeal space?

Answer 44

The Subarachnoid space

Question 45

CSF leaving the median aperture enters what cistern?

Answer 45

Cisterna Magna

Question 46

CSF leaving the lateral apertures enters what cistern?

Answer 46

Pontine cistern

Question 47

Once CSF leave the SA space through the glymphatic system it enters 3 pathways. What are the path ways?

Answer 47

- Arachnoid granulations - Villi of spinal veins in IVFs - Perineurial sheaths of cranial and spinal nerves and olfactory bulb (across the cribiform plate to the nasal submucosa)