Cranial Nerve Lesions Flashcards
(25 cards)
What is cranial nerve 1? function
Olfactory nerve
>Smell
cranial nerve 2?
function
Optic nerve
>sight
cranial nerve 3?
function
Oculomotor nerve:
> Eye movement: supplies superior rectus, medial rectus, inferior rectus, inferior oblique
> Pupil constriction
> Accomodation
> Eyelid opening
cranial nerve 4?
function
Trochlear nerve
> Eye movement: supplies superior oblique
cranial nerve 5?
function
Trigeminal nerve:
> Facial sensation
> Mastication
What are the divisions of the trigeminal nerve?
V1: opthalmic
V2: maxillary
V3: mandibular
cranial nerve 6?
function
Abducens nerve
> Eye movement: supplied lateral rectus
cranial nerve 7?
function
Facial nerve
> Facial movement
> Taste anterior 2/3 of tongue
> Salivation
> Lacrimation
cranial nerve 8?
function
Vestivulocochlear nerve
> Hearing
Balance
cranial nerve 9?
function
Glossopharyngeal nerve
> Taste posterior 1/3 of tongue
> Salivation
> Swallowing
cranial nerve 10?
function
Vagus never
> Phonation
> Swallowing
> Innervates viscera
cranial nerve 11?
function
Accessory nerve
> Head and shoulder movement: supplies sternocleidomastoid and tapezius
cranial nerve 12?
function
Hypoglossal nerve
> Tongue movement
What does oculomotor nerve palsy result in?
> Ptosis
‘Down and out’ eye
Dilated fixed pupil
What does trochlear nerve palsy result in?
Defective downward gaze = vertical diplopia
What can lesions of the trigeminal nerve cause?
>Trigeminal neuralgia >Loss of corneal reflex (afferent) >Loss of facial sensation >Paralysis of mastication muscle >deviation of jaw to weak side
What is trigeminal neuralgia? Red flag signs?
Pain syndrome characterised by severe unilateral pain, vast are idiopathic but compression of trigeminal roots by tumours or vascular can occur. Red flag signs:
>sensory changes
>Hx of skin or oral lesions that could sprea
>pain in opthalmic devision
>optic neuritis
>hx of multiple sclerosis
What can lesions of the facial nerve causes?
> flaccid paralysis of upper or lower face
loss of corneal reflex
loss of taste
hyperacusis
What can lesions of the vestibulocochlear nerve cause?
> Hearing loss
Vertigo
Nystagmus
What are acoustic neuromas?
Schwann cell tumours of the cochlear nerve
What can lesions of the glossopharyngeal nerve cause?
> Hypersensitive carotid sinus reflex
>loss of gag reflex
What can lesions of the vagus nerve causes?
> Uvula deviates away from site of lesion
>loss of faf reflex
What can lesions of the accessory nerve lead to?
Weakness turning head to contralateral side
What can lesions of the the hypoglossal nerve cause?
Tongue deviation towards side of lesion
