Cranial nerves

Question 1

1 Olfactory nerve

Answer 1

-Brings information from the nose to the telencephalon
- Most rostral cranial nerve

Question 2

2 optic nerve

Answer 2

• Brings information from eye to diencephalon

Question 3

3 Oculomotor nerve

Answer 3

Allow the two eyes to work together

Question 4

4 Trochlear nerve

Answer 4

-allow the two eyes to work together

Question 5

5 trigeminal nerve

Answer 5

• Brings in touch and temperature information from the face

Question 6

6 Abducens nerve

Answer 6

allow the two eyes to work together

Question 7

7 Facial nerve

Answer 7

• Controls face muscles (expressions)

Question 8

8 Acoustic nerve

Answer 8

• Auditory: sound information
• Vestibular: information from the ears about balance

Question 9

9 Glossopharyngeal nerve

Answer 9

Move the back of the mouth and the throat muscles

Question 10

10 vagus nerve

Answer 10

• Taste information; gets the gut to bring in information

Question 11

11 spinal accessory nerve

Answer 11

-back of the throat

Question 12

12 Hypoglossal nerve

Answer 12

• Tongue muscles
• Most caudal cranial nerve

Question 13

Midbrain area (only the mesencephalon)

Answer 13

• 4 different ventricles
• Bottom half holds the tegmentum
• Houses reticular formation (responsible for wakefulness & attention/ sleep & arousal)
• Top half is the roof of the mesencephalon, the tectum
• Divided into the superior colliculus (important in visual processing) and the inferior
  colliculus (auditory information processing)

Question 14

Hypothalamus

Answer 14

pituitary gland: master gland/ can control most of the other glands in the body;
how the brain controls the endocrine system

Question 15

Thalamus

Answer 15

• Lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN): portion of the thalamus that receives visual
  information from the optic tract and transmits it to the primary visual cortex via
  fibers called optic radiations
• When parts of the visual cortex were lesioned, parts of the LGN degenerated
  because they lost their target where they send information
• Proves the point that only brain areas that are used will be kept up
• Specific thalamic nuclei: clusters of neurons with the same job
• Sensory nuclei
• Motor regions
• Specific association nuclei
• Nonspecific areas

Question 16

Pineal gland

Answer 16

• Circadian rhythms and bodily cycles

Question 17

Olfactory bulb

Answer 17

• Organs that lie at the ventral surface of the brain just above the olfactory
  epithelium containing clusters of axonal and dendritic processes known as
  olfactory glomeruli
• Important for bringing sensory information in about what we smell

Question 18

Basal ganglia

Answer 18

Collection of different nuclei involved in organizing, monitoring and producing
our motor movements

Question 19

Hippocampus

Answer 19

Responsible for learning and memory, especially short term

Question 20

Amygdala

Answer 20

• Involved in the processing of emotions and really fast processing of some kind of
  sensory information coming in

Question 21

Sulci

Answer 21

the grooves (valleys) of the cerebral cortex

Question 22

Gyri

Answer 22

the bulges of the cerebral cortex

Question 23

Central sulcus

Answer 23

divides the frontal lobe and parietal lobe

Question 24

Frontal lobe

Answer 24

right on front (forehead)
- Motor cortex

Question 25

Parietal lobe

Answer 25

right on top; under the parietal bone - Somatosensory cortex

Question 26

Temporal lobe

Answer 26

goes down near both of the ears - responsible for some areas of language and hearing processing

Question 27

Occipital lobe

Answer 27

in the very back - Vision

Question 28

Limbic lobe

Answer 28

midsagittal cut, right above corpus callosum