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Cranial Nerves Flashcards

(60 cards)

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1
Q

How many pairs of cranial nerves are there

A

12

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2
Q

Where do cranial nerves innervate

A

The periphery of the brain

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3
Q

Where are cranial nerves located

A

Ventrolateral surface of brain

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4
Q

How are the cranial nerves numbered

A

Beginning at the anterior aspect of the brain

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5
Q

What’s the name for CN I?

A

Olfactory

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6
Q

What is the function of CN 1 and what type of nerve is it

A

Olafactory

Sense of smell

Sensory nerve

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7
Q

What is the name for CN II

A

Optic nerve

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8
Q

What is the function and type of nerve of CN II

A

Optic nerve

Function: vision

Sensory nerve

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9
Q

What is the origin and destination of CN II

A

Origin: retina of eye

Destination: diencephalon,
via optic canal (sphenoid)
then to occipital lobe

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10
Q

Which three nerves contribute to eye movement and what are those movements

A

CN III - oculomotor

CN IV - trochlear - superior oblique 💪🏽

CN VI - abducens - lateral rectus 💪🏽

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11
Q

What is the name of CN III

A

Oculomotor nerve

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12
Q

What is the function of CN III

A

Oculomotor

controls extra-ocular eye muscles

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13
Q

What motor functions of the eye does CN III control

A

Superior, rectus, medial rectus,
Inferior oblique

Lens
pupil

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14
Q

What is the origin of CN III

A

Mesencephalon

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15
Q

What is the destination of CN III

A

Extra ocular eye muscles

• Superior, inferior, & medial rectus
• Inferior oblique
• Levator palpebrae superioris

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16
Q

What is the foramen of CN III

A

Superior orbital fissure

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17
Q

What is the name of CN V

A

Trigeminal Nerve

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18
Q

What type of nerve is CN V

A

sensory & motor

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19
Q

What are the destinations of CN V and what do they impact

A

Trigeminal Nerve

Ophthalmic: sensations from forehead, eyelids, nose

Maxillary: sensations from lower eyelid, upper lip, cheek

Mandibular: controls mastication

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20
Q

What is the name for CN VII

A

Facial Nerve

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21
Q

What type of nerve is CN VII

A

Sensory and motor

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22
Q

What are the origins for CN VII

A

Facial

Sensory: taste buds

Motor: pons

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23
Q

What are the sensory and motor functions for CN VII

A

Facial

Sensory:
sensations from the face
anterior 2/3 of tongue

Somatic Motor:
Controls muscles of face

Visceral motor: lacrimal glands, nasal mucous glands, submandibular/submaxillary salivary glands, middle ear

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24
Q

What is the name for CN VIII

A

Vestibulocochlear

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25
What type of nerve and what is the function of VIII
Sensory nerve Function: balance: vestibular branch hearing: cochlear branch
26
What is the origin and destination of CN VIII
Vestibulocochlear Origin: receptors of vestibule &cochlea Destination: pons
27
What is the name of CN IX
Glossopharyngeal
28
What type of nerve is CN IX
Glossopharyngeal Sensory & Motor
29
What are the functions of CN IX
Sensory function: tongue pain, blood pressure, dissolved gasses Motor function: involuntary muscles of swallowing
30
What are the origins of CN IX
Glossopharyngeal Sensory: posterior 1/3 of the tongue, carotid sinus (blood pressure, dissolved gas) Motor: salivary gland
31
What is the name of CN X
Vagus nerve
32
Is the CN X nerve sympathetic or parasympathetic?
Parasympathetic
33
What type of nerve is CN X
Vagus Nerve Sensory & Motor
34
What are the sensory and motor functions of CN X
Vagus Nerve Sensory: information FROM organs Motor: sends information TO organs
35
What are the origins of CN X
Vagus Nerve Sensory: from the visceral organs (to autonomic centers of medulla oblongata) Motor: medullary oblongata
36
What is the name of CN XI
Accessory Nerve
37
What type of nerve is CN XI?
Motor Nerve
38
What is the function of CN XI and what all does that function control
Accessory Nerve Function: accessory swallowing 💪🏽 Controls: Sternocleidomastoid, Trapezius, Palate, Pharynx (voluntary muscles of swallow Larynx
39
What are the origins of CN XI
Spinal Cord & Medulla Oblongata
40
What is the name of CN IV
Trochlear
41
What is the function of CN IV
Trochlear Eye movement: Superior oblique muscle
42
What type of nerve is CN IV?
Motor
43
What is the destination of CN IV
Trochlear: Superior oblique muscle
44
What is the name of CN VI
Abducens Nerve
45
What is the function of CN VI
Abducens: Lateral rectus eye muscle (Moving eye outward)
46
What type of nerve is CN VI
Abducens: Motor
47
How are tendon reflexes graded?
0 1+ 2+ 3+ 4+
48
What does a tendon reflex of 0 indicate
0 = no response; always abnormal
49
What does a tendon reflex of 1+ indicate
1+ = slight but present response May or may not be normal
50
What does a tendon reflex of 2+ indicate
Normal; a brisk response
51
What does a tendon reflex of 3+ indicate
3+ = Very brisk response May or may not be normal
52
What does a tendon reflex of 4+ indicate
4+ = elicits a repeating reflex Always abnormal
53
Define a Clonus in regard to how tendon reflexes are graded
Clonus: a tap eliciting a repeating reflex Always abnormal
54
Where are the nerve roots for the biceps?
C5 C6 C = Cervical spine
55
Where is the nerve root for the Brachioradialis?
C 6 (Cervical spine 6)
56
Where are the nerve roots for the triceps?
C7 (C6-C7)
57
Where are the nerve roots for the patellar / quadriceps ?
L4 ( L2 - L4 )
58
Where are the nerve roots for the Achilles?
S1 ( S1, S2 )
59
What are the motor destinations for VII
Glossopharyngeal nerve Visceral motor: parotid salivary gland Somatic motor: pharyngeal muscles for swallowing
60
What are the motor destinations for CN X?
Visceral motor: respiratory, cardiovascular, and digestive organs

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