Cranial Nerves

Question 1

All autnomic ganglia in the head are ____

Answer 1

parasympathetic

Question 2

Preganglionic parasympathetic fibers reach their target ganglia via branches of what cranial nerves?

Answer 2

III (oculomotor)
VII (facial)
IX (glossopharyngeal)

Question 3

Postganglionic parasympathetic fibers reach their end organs by hitchiking along branches of what cranial nerve?

Answer 3

CRANIAL NERVE V

III –> V1
VII –> V2 & V3
IX –> V3

Question 4

Preganglionic sympathetic fibers arise from ___ levels

Answer 4

T1 - T4

Question 5

Postganglionic sympathetic fibers arise from the _____ and reach their target end organs via branches of the ___

Answer 5

superior cervical ganglion;

internal and external carotid arteries

Question 6

The pharyngeal plexus is formed by what 3 nerve branches?

Answer 6

1) Vagus
2) Glossopharyngeal
3) postganglionic sympathetic fibers from superior cervical ganglion

Question 7

Motor fibers in the pharyngeal plexus are derived from what?

Answer 7

Cranial root of CN XI and innervate all pharynx mm except stylopharyngeus and tensor vali by CN X

This is CN XI via X

Question 8

Sensory fibers of pharyngeal plexus are derived from

Answer 8

CN IX and supply mucosa

Question 9

Sympathetic innervation for sphincter pupillae and ciliary m. hitch hike with what?

Answer 9

The Nasociliary Nerve (V1) .. The nerve is the long ciliary nerve

Question 10

The superior division of CN III supplies which muscles? The inferior division?

Answer 10

Superior : superior rectus, levator palpebrae superioris

Inferior : medial rectus, inferior rectus, inferior oblique

Question 11

CN III Preganglionic parasympathetic fibers travel in the _____ division and pass into the ____ ganglion. postganglionic sympathetic fibers travel via the ______ or the ______ branch of V1 and into the ____ nerve.

Answer 11

Inferior division 
Ciliary ganglion
Short ciliary nerve
Nasociliary nerve
Long ciliary nerve

Question 12

The CN III parasympathetic fibers supply what?

The CN III sympathetic fibers supply what?

Answer 12

Parasympathetic supply sphincter pupillae and ciliary mm, constrict the pupil.

Sympathetic supply vessels and dilator pupillae, dilate the pupil

Question 13

How do CN III sensory fibers reach the eye?

Answer 13

The Nasociliary branch of V1.

Question 14

A lesion of CN IV will leave the individual unable to turn the eye ___?

Answer 14

Down and Out (down and laterally)

Question 15

CN IV travels under what?

Answer 15

The free edge of the tentorium cerebelli

Question 16

What are the divisions of V1?

Answer 16

Nasociliary
Frontal
Lacrimal

Question 17

What supplies the cornea?

Answer 17

V1

Question 18

What does the lacrimal nerve supply?

Answer 18

(V1)

lacrimal gland
conjunctiva
skin of the upper eyelid

Question 19

The frontal nerve supplies what?

Answer 19

eyelid, conjunctiva, skin of forehead

DIVIDES INTO SUPRATROCHLEAR AND SUPRAORBITAL

Question 20

What does the nasociliary nerve supply?

Answer 20

Nasal mucosa
Ethmoidal sinuses
Sphenoid sinuses

Question 21

The nasociliary nerve communicates with the ______ ganglion, passing _______ fibers to the _____ nerve.

Answer 21

Ciliary ganglion;
postganglionic sympathetic fibers
Short ciliary nerve

(this allows symp & parasymp to go to ciliary body & iris)

Question 22

V2 brings sensory to what 4 things? Parasympathetic to what?

Answer 22

Sensory: Maxilla, Upper teeth, Hard palate, Soft palate

Parasympathetic: lacrimal gland

Question 23

Within the pterygopalatine fossa, what hangs from V2? What synapses here? How do they get there?

Answer 23

The pterygopalatine ganglion;

Preganglionic parasympathetic fibers from CN VII (Facial) synapse here, traveling in the GREAT petrosal nerve. It fuses with postganglionic sympathetic fibers (from the DEEP petrosal nerve) to form the nerve of pterygoid canal.

Question 24

How does autonomoic innervation reach the lacrimal gland?

Answer 24

The zygomatic nerve of V2

Parasympathetic cause secretion
Sympathetic (from superior cervical ganglion) turn off secretions

Question 25

Superior alveolar nerves come from where?

Answer 25

V2

Question 26

What do motor branches of V3 supply as soon as it enters infratemporal fossa?

Answer 26

Tensor Palati Medial Pterygoid Tensor tympani

Question 27

The anterior division of V3 gives rise to what nerves?

Answer 27

Buccal nerve (mucous membrane of cheek) Temporalis Masseter Lateral ptyergoid

Question 28

The posterior division of V3 branches are what?

Answer 28

Nerve to Mylohyoid Auriculotemporal Lingual w/ chorda tympani Inferior alveolar

Question 29

Wha does the auriculotemporal nerve supply?

Answer 29

External Ear Parotid gland Superficial temporal regions Postganglionic parasympathetic fibers from Otic ganglion reach parotid gland via this nerve. (CN IX)

Question 30

The lingual nerve supplies what? What is suspended from it? What does this provide?

Answer 30

Sensory innervation to anterior 2/3 of tongue, floor of mouth, gums Submandibular ganglion hangs off, provides postganglionic parasympathetic (from chorda tympani) to submandibular and sublingual glands

Question 31

The inferior alveolar nerve supplies what?

Answer 31

Sensory to the lower gums and teeth

Question 32

What does the motor root of CN VII innervate?

Answer 32

Mm of facial expression Stapedius Stylohyoid Posterior belly of digrastic

Question 33

The sensory root of CN VII arise from what? What do they carry?

Answer 33

The genticulate ganglion, carrying taste via chorda tympani of V3

Question 34

Within the temporal bone, the facial nerve gives off _______. It merges with the _________ nerve to form _________. The facial portion carries _____ fibers to the _______ ganglion that eventually innervates what?

Answer 34

``` Greater petrosal nerve Deep petrosal nerve Nerve of pterygoid canal Preganglionic parasympathetic Pterygopalatine ganglion Lacrimal gland ```

Question 35

The facial nerve supplies parasympathetic to what?

Answer 35

Lacrimal gland Submandibular gland Sublingual gland

Question 36

Sympathetic activity does what to salivary glands?

Answer 36

Reduces glandular blood flow so decreases salivary secretions, results in enzyme rich saliva

Question 37

How does the vestibulococlear nerve terminate?

Answer 37

Vestibular nerve | Cochlear nerve

Question 38

CN IX carries parasympathetic fibers to what? What do they innervate and how do they get there?

Answer 38

The otic ganglion , supplies the parotid gland to secrete. They are carried by the lesser petrosal nerve

Question 39

CN IX motor fibers innervate what?

Answer 39

Stylopharyngeus muscle

Question 40

CN IX carries sensory to what?

Answer 40

``` Posterior 1/3 tongue Tonsils Soft palate Sides of pharynx Carotid sinus Carotid body External Ear Middle Ear ```

Question 41

CN X gives motor to what?

Answer 41

Larynx Pharynx (XI via X) Soft Palate (not tensor palati) (XI via X) Upper 2/3 esophagus

Question 42

CN X gives sensation to what?

Answer 42

``` Larynx Trachea Bronchi Heart Esophagus Digestive tract Auricle External acoustic meatus ```

Question 43

CN X gives taste to what?

Answer 43

Epiglottis | Palate

Question 44

Superior laryngeal nerve comes from where? It divides into what and supplies what?

Answer 44

CN X internal laryngeal - sensory to larynx above vocal folds external laryngeal - motor to cricothyroid

Question 45

What supplies motor to laryngeal muscles?

Answer 45

Recurrent laryngeal nerve (off of X) EXCEPT CRICOTHYROID (external laryngeal) It also supplies sensory to larynx below vocal folds