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2nd Year Placement > Cranial Nerves - Overall > Flashcards

Cranial Nerves - Overall Flashcards

1
Q

CN II - Optic - Function

A
  • Vision
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2
Q
A

CN VII - Facial

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3
Q

V - Trigeminal ; Muscles

A
  • Masseter
  • Temporalis
  • Pterygoid
  • Tensor Veli Palatini (soft palate)
  • Mylohyoid
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4
Q

Function of CN III - Oculomotor

A
  • Eyelid opening
  • Eyeball movement
  • Pupil constriction
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5
Q

CN VI - Abducent - Function

A
  • Eye movement (abduction)
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6
Q
A

CN IV - Trochlear

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7
Q

Potential signs of damage to CN V - Trigeminal, Branch 3 - Mandibular (Sensory and Motor)

A
  • Note weakness, asymmetry, tremors or fasiculations in jaw
  • Weakness in jaw lateralisation and closure
  • Loss of/weak mastication
  • Jaw deviates to weak/paralysed side
  • Flaccid soft palate
  • Decreased hyolaryngeal excursion
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8
Q

IX

A

Glossopharyngeal Nerve

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9
Q

Potential signs of damage to CN II - Optic

A
  • Blindness
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10
Q

Potential signs of damage to CN IV - Trochlear

A
  • Diplopia - double vision.
  • Weakness of downward eye movement.
  • Affected eye drifts upward.
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11
Q

I

A

Olfactory Nerve

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12
Q

Potential signs of damage to CN I - Olfactory

A
  • Anosmia - loss of sense of smell.
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13
Q

Function of CN I - Olfactory

A
  • Smell
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14
Q

CN VII - Facial - Function

A
  • Facial expression
  • Taste
  • Salivation (submandibular and sublingual glands)
  • Lacrimation
  • Mandibular depression
  • Contributes to hyoid elevation
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15
Q

II

A

Optic Nerve

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16
Q
A

CN V - Trigeminal

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17
Q

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal - Function

A
  • Laryngeal elevation
  • Dilation of pharynx via stylopharyngeus (contributes to epiglottic excursion)
  • Taste/sensation
  • Sensory portion of pharyngeal gag
  • Salivation (parotid gland)
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18
Q

Potential signs of damage to CN IX - Glossopharyngeal

A
  • Weak cough reflex
  • Weakness may be apparent on an instrumental exam
  • Loss of taste and sensation (posterior 1/3 of tongue)
  • May reduce gag bc sensation is reduced
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19
Q

XII - Hypoglossal - Function

A

Intrinsic muscles:

  • shortening, cupping, narrowing, elongating, flattening

Extrinsic muscles:

  • drawing tongue upwards, forwards, backwards, retraction and depression
  • Backward movement of tongue to soft palate
  • Draws hyoid bone up and forward
  • Depresses mandible
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20
Q
A

CN X - Vagus

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21
Q

VII

A

Facial Nerve

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22
Q

III

A

Oculomotor Nerve

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23
Q

CN V - Trigeminal - Function (Motor)

A

Branch 3 - Motor:

  • Upward/anterior movement of larynx
  • Backward movement of tongue to soft palate
  • Palatal elevation (tenses soft palate)
  • Posterior pharyngeal wall constriction
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24
Q

VII - Facial ; Muscles

A
  • Obicularis Oculi
  • Obicularis Oris
  • Zygomatic Major
  • Zygomatic Minor
  • Levators
  • Depressors
  • Mentalis
  • Buccinator
  • Platysma
  • Stylohyoid
  • Posterior Belly of Digastric
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25
Q

CN X - Vagus - Function (Motor)

A
  • Elevation/depression of soft palate
  • Elevation of posterior tongue
  • Elevation/closure of larynx
  • Lowering of larynx after swallow

RLN - muscles of intrinsic larynx

SLN - cricothyroid, pharyngeal contraction, relaxation of cricopharyngeal muscle, esophageal peristalsis, cardiac, GI tract, respiration

26
Q
A

CN I - Olfactory

27
Q

CN I - Olfactory - Function

A
  • Smell
28
Q

XI

A

Spinal Accessory Nerve

29
Q

CN XI - Accessory - Function

A

Cranial Accessory

  • Raises soft palate
  • Narrows and elevates of lateral pharyngeal wall
  • Narrows and elevates posterior tongue

Spinal Accessory

  • Neck & Shoulder Movement
30
Q

Potential signs of damage to CN VII - Vestibulocochlear

A
  • Vertigo
  • Nystagmus
  • Hearing
31
Q

IV - Trochlear ; Muscles

A
  • Superior Oblique
32
Q

X - Vagus ; Muscles

A
  • Muscles of soft palate (NOT TVP)
  • Superior, middle and inferior pharyngeal constrictors
  • Intrinsic muscles of larynx (cricothyroid, thyroarytenoid, posterior cricoarytenoid, lateral cricoarytenoids, interarytenoids)
  • Muscles of esophagus
33
Q

Potential signs of damage to CN XI - Accessory

A
  • Difficulty turning head/shrugging shoulders
34
Q

VI

A

Abducens Nerve

35
Q

Potential signs of damage to CN V - Trigeminal, Branch 1 - Ophthalmic and Branch 2 - Maxilliary (Sensory)

A
  • Facial Anesthesia - numbness
  • Loss of temperature/pain sensation
  • Loss of sensation of superficial and deep structures
  • Loss of sensation in anterior 2/3 of tongue
36
Q
A

CN II - Optic

37
Q
A

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal

38
Q

Potential signs of damage to CN X - Vagus

A
  • Loss of gag reflex
  • Soft palate and uvula will deviate to non-damaged side
  • Loss of cough reflex
  • Loss of taste
  • Hypernasality
  • Dysphonia
  • No variation to pitch
  • Dysphagia
  • Impaired laryngeal closure
  • Impaired true vocal cord adduction
39
Q

Potential signs of damage to CN VII - Facial

A
  • Paralysis of facial nerve muscles
  • Poor labial retraction and pursing
  • Poor lip seal
  • UMN; contralateral lower face
  • LMN; ipsilateral upper and lower face, eye closure
  • Reduced hyoid elevation
  • Dry mouth
  • Diminished jaw open/closure
  • Loss of taste
40
Q

XI - Accessory ; Muscles

A
  • Levator veli palatini
  • Palatoglossus
  • Sternomastoid
  • Trapezius
41
Q

X

A

Vagus Nerve

42
Q

Potential signs of damage to CN VI - Abucent

A
  • Medial eye deviation - eye/s moving to middle
43
Q

XII - Hypoglossus ; Muscles

A
  • All intrinsic tongue muscles
  • Some extrinsic muscles of the tongue (superior and inferior longitudinal, transverse, verticalis, genioglossus, hyoglossus, styloglossus)
44
Q

CN V - Trigeminal - Function (Sensory)

A

Branches 1 and 2 - Sensory:

  • Face, cheeks, lips, jaw, eyes, etc (pain, temp, touch)

Branch 3 - Sensory:

  • Sensation of superficial & deep facial structures, muccous membrane of upper mouth, palate, tongue
  • Sensation of shape and texture in mouth
  • Sensation to palate & pharynx
45
Q

CN III - Oculomotor - Function

A
  • Eyelid opening
  • Eyeball Movement
  • Pupil constriction
46
Q

XII

A

Hypoglossal Nerve

47
Q

VIII

A

Vestibulocochlear Nerve

48
Q

V

A

Trigeminal Nerve

49
Q

Potential signs of damage to CN III - Oculomotor

A
  • Ptosis - dropping of upper eyelid.
  • Diplopia - double vision.
50
Q
A

CN XII - Hypoglossal

51
Q

IV

A

Trochlear Nerve

52
Q

CN VIII - Vestibulocochlear - Function

A
  • Balance
  • Hearing
53
Q
A

CN XI - Accessory

54
Q
A

CN III - Oculomotor

55
Q
A

CN VI - Abducens

56
Q

CN IV - Trochlear - Function

A
  • Eye movement (depression of adducted eye)
57
Q

IX - Glossopharyngeal ; Muscles

A
  • Stylopharyngeal
  • Palatoglossus
  • Part of middle pharyngeal constrictor
  • Parotid salivary gland
58
Q
A

CN VIII - Vestibulocochlear

59
Q

CN X - Vagus - Function (Sensory)

A
  • sensation to palate, pharynx, larynx, trachea, lungs, epiglottis
  • Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve (RLN): sensation below true vocal cords
  • Superior Laryngeal Nerve (SLN): posterior tongue and larynx above true vocal cords
60
Q

Function of CN II - Optic

A
  • Vision

2nd Year Placement (7 decks)

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