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2nd Year Placement > Cranial Nerves - Overall > Flashcards

Cranial Nerves - Overall Flashcards

(60 cards)

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1
Q

CN II - Optic - Function

A
  • Vision
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2
Q
A

CN VII - Facial

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3
Q

V - Trigeminal ; Muscles

A
  • Masseter
  • Temporalis
  • Pterygoid
  • Tensor Veli Palatini (soft palate)
  • Mylohyoid
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4
Q

Function of CN III - Oculomotor

A
  • Eyelid opening
  • Eyeball movement
  • Pupil constriction
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5
Q

CN VI - Abducent - Function

A
  • Eye movement (abduction)
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6
Q
A

CN IV - Trochlear

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7
Q

Potential signs of damage to CN V - Trigeminal, Branch 3 - Mandibular (Sensory and Motor)

A
  • Note weakness, asymmetry, tremors or fasiculations in jaw
  • Weakness in jaw lateralisation and closure
  • Loss of/weak mastication
  • Jaw deviates to weak/paralysed side
  • Flaccid soft palate
  • Decreased hyolaryngeal excursion
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8
Q

IX

A

Glossopharyngeal Nerve

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9
Q

Potential signs of damage to CN II - Optic

A
  • Blindness
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10
Q

Potential signs of damage to CN IV - Trochlear

A
  • Diplopia - double vision.
  • Weakness of downward eye movement.
  • Affected eye drifts upward.
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11
Q

I

A

Olfactory Nerve

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12
Q

Potential signs of damage to CN I - Olfactory

A
  • Anosmia - loss of sense of smell.
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13
Q

Function of CN I - Olfactory

A
  • Smell
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14
Q

CN VII - Facial - Function

A
  • Facial expression
  • Taste
  • Salivation (submandibular and sublingual glands)
  • Lacrimation
  • Mandibular depression
  • Contributes to hyoid elevation
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15
Q

II

A

Optic Nerve

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16
Q
A

CN V - Trigeminal

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17
Q

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal - Function

A
  • Laryngeal elevation
  • Dilation of pharynx via stylopharyngeus (contributes to epiglottic excursion)
  • Taste/sensation
  • Sensory portion of pharyngeal gag
  • Salivation (parotid gland)
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18
Q

Potential signs of damage to CN IX - Glossopharyngeal

A
  • Weak cough reflex
  • Weakness may be apparent on an instrumental exam
  • Loss of taste and sensation (posterior 1/3 of tongue)
  • May reduce gag bc sensation is reduced
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19
Q

XII - Hypoglossal - Function

A

Intrinsic muscles:

  • shortening, cupping, narrowing, elongating, flattening

Extrinsic muscles:

  • drawing tongue upwards, forwards, backwards, retraction and depression
  • Backward movement of tongue to soft palate
  • Draws hyoid bone up and forward
  • Depresses mandible
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20
Q
A

CN X - Vagus

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21
Q

VII

A

Facial Nerve

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22
Q

III

A

Oculomotor Nerve

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23
Q

CN V - Trigeminal - Function (Motor)

A

Branch 3 - Motor:

  • Upward/anterior movement of larynx
  • Backward movement of tongue to soft palate
  • Palatal elevation (tenses soft palate)
  • Posterior pharyngeal wall constriction
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24
Q

VII - Facial ; Muscles

A
  • Obicularis Oculi
  • Obicularis Oris
  • Zygomatic Major
  • Zygomatic Minor
  • Levators
  • Depressors
  • Mentalis
  • Buccinator
  • Platysma
  • Stylohyoid
  • Posterior Belly of Digastric
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25
CN X - Vagus - Function (Motor)
- Elevation/depression of soft palate - Elevation of posterior tongue - Elevation/closure of larynx - Lowering of larynx after swallow RLN - muscles of intrinsic larynx SLN - cricothyroid, pharyngeal contraction, relaxation of cricopharyngeal muscle, esophageal peristalsis, cardiac, GI tract, respiration
26
CN I - Olfactory
27
CN I - Olfactory - Function
- Smell
28
XI
Spinal Accessory Nerve
29
CN XI - Accessory - Function
Cranial Accessory - Raises soft palate - Narrows and elevates of lateral pharyngeal wall - Narrows and elevates posterior tongue Spinal Accessory - Neck & Shoulder Movement
30
Potential signs of damage to CN VII - Vestibulocochlear
- Vertigo - Nystagmus - Hearing
31
IV - Trochlear ; Muscles
- Superior Oblique
32
X - Vagus ; Muscles
- Muscles of soft palate (NOT TVP) - Superior, middle and inferior pharyngeal constrictors - Intrinsic muscles of larynx (cricothyroid, thyroarytenoid, posterior cricoarytenoid, lateral cricoarytenoids, interarytenoids) - Muscles of esophagus
33
Potential signs of damage to CN XI - Accessory
- Difficulty turning head/shrugging shoulders
34
VI
Abducens Nerve
35
Potential signs of damage to CN V - Trigeminal, Branch 1 - Ophthalmic and Branch 2 - Maxilliary (Sensory)
- Facial Anesthesia - numbness - Loss of temperature/pain sensation - Loss of sensation of superficial and deep structures - Loss of sensation in anterior 2/3 of tongue
36
CN II - Optic
37
CN IX - Glossopharyngeal
38
Potential signs of damage to CN X - Vagus
- Loss of gag reflex - Soft palate and uvula will deviate to non-damaged side - Loss of cough reflex - Loss of taste - Hypernasality - Dysphonia - No variation to pitch - Dysphagia - Impaired laryngeal closure - Impaired true vocal cord adduction
39
Potential signs of damage to CN VII - Facial
- Paralysis of facial nerve muscles - Poor labial retraction and pursing - Poor lip seal - UMN; contralateral lower face - LMN; ipsilateral upper and lower face, eye closure - Reduced hyoid elevation - Dry mouth - Diminished jaw open/closure - Loss of taste
40
XI - Accessory ; Muscles
- Levator veli palatini - Palatoglossus - Sternomastoid - Trapezius
41
X
Vagus Nerve
42
Potential signs of damage to CN VI - Abucent
- Medial eye deviation - eye/s moving to middle
43
XII - Hypoglossus ; Muscles
- All intrinsic tongue muscles - Some extrinsic muscles of the tongue (superior and inferior longitudinal, transverse, verticalis, genioglossus, hyoglossus, styloglossus)
44
CN V - Trigeminal - Function (Sensory)
Branches 1 and 2 - Sensory: - Face, cheeks, lips, jaw, eyes, etc (pain, temp, touch) Branch 3 - Sensory: - Sensation of superficial & deep facial structures, muccous membrane of upper mouth, palate, tongue - Sensation of shape and texture in mouth - Sensation to palate & pharynx
45
CN III - Oculomotor - Function
- Eyelid opening - Eyeball Movement - Pupil constriction
46
XII
Hypoglossal Nerve
47
VIII
Vestibulocochlear Nerve
48
V
Trigeminal Nerve
49
Potential signs of damage to CN III - Oculomotor
- Ptosis - dropping of upper eyelid. - Diplopia - double vision.
50
CN XII - Hypoglossal
51
IV
Trochlear Nerve
52
CN VIII - Vestibulocochlear - Function
- Balance - Hearing
53
CN XI - Accessory
54
CN III - Oculomotor
55
CN VI - Abducens
56
CN IV - Trochlear - Function
- Eye movement (depression of adducted eye)
57
IX - Glossopharyngeal ; Muscles
- Stylopharyngeal - Palatoglossus - Part of middle pharyngeal constrictor - Parotid salivary gland
58
CN VIII - Vestibulocochlear
59
CN X - Vagus - Function (Sensory)
- sensation to palate, pharynx, larynx, trachea, lungs, epiglottis - Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve (RLN): sensation below true vocal cords - Superior Laryngeal Nerve (SLN): posterior tongue and larynx above true vocal cords
60
Function of CN II - Optic
- Vision

2nd Year Placement (7 decks)

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