Cranial Nerves Quiz

Question 1

What is a CN?

Answer 1

Emerges from the brain/brainstem; relays information to the head and neck

Question 2

CNs involved in swallowing

Answer 2

Trigeminal, facial, glossopharyngeal, vagus, spinal accessory, hypoglossal

Question 3

Trigeminal branches

Answer 3

V1: opthalmic (sensory)
V2: maxillary (sensory)
V3: mandibular (sensory and motor)

Question 4

Trigeminal - sensory

Answer 4

Controls all somatosensation from the face and anterior 2/3 of the tongue

Question 5

Trigeminal - motor

Answer 5

Controls movements for the: mylohyoid and anterior belly of digastric; tensor veli palatini; 4 muscles of mastication

Question 6

4 muscles of mastication

Answer 6

Masseter, temporalis, medial and lateral pterygoids

Question 7

Trigeminal - role in swallowing

Answer 7

Oral containment; bolts preparation; facial sensation; oral cavity sensation; oral clearance; influences pharyngeal swallow; VP closure; hyolaryngeal movement

Question 8

Facial nerve muscles

Answer 8

Temporal, zygomatic, buccal, mandibular, cervical

Question 9

Facial - sensory

Answer 9

Taste for anterior 2/3 of tongue

Question 10

Facial - motor

Answer 10

Controls all motor movement for:
- face: facial expression, oral acceptance, pocketing prevention
- stylohyoid and posterior belly of digastric
- submandibular and sublingual salivary glands

Question 11

Facial - role in swallowing

Answer 11

Utensil use/clearance; oral containment; bolus prep; anterior tongue sensation; oral clearance; hyolaryngeal movement

Question 12

Glossopharyngeal - sensory

Answer 12

• Touch, pain, temperature, and taste for posterior 1/3 of tongue
• somatosensation from the mucosa of the soft palate and upper pharyngeal mucosa

Question 13

Glossopharyngeal - motor

Answer 13

Provides motor innervation to the stylopharyngeus and partook salivary gland (laryngeal elevator)

Question 14

Glossopharyngeal - role in swallowing

Answer 14

Oropharyngeal sensation; posterior tongue sensation; pharyngeal swallow onset; bolus prep; laryngeal elevation/pharyngeal shortening

Question 15

vagus nickname

Answer 15

The wanderer

Question 16

A&P of the pharynx

Answer 16

Superior laryngeal nerve and recurrent laryngeal nerve

Question 17

Superior laryngeal nerve

Answer 17

Internal —> sensory above cords
External —> motor to cricothyroid muscle

Question 18

Recurrent laryngeal nerve

Answer 18

Sensory —> below glottis
Motor —> all other muscles of larynx

Question 19

Vagus - sensory

Answer 19

Mucous membrane at the valleculae, epiglottis, aryepiglottic folds and most of the larynx; mucous membrane below the level of the folds; special sensory taste to the epiglottis; general senesory to the soft palate, posterior tongue, lower pharynx and the UES

Question 20

Vagus - motor

Answer 20

The pharyngeal constrictors; all the muscles of the soft palate except the tensor veli palatini; salpingpharyngeus; all intrinsic laryngeal muscles; cricothyroid

Question 21

Cough reflex arc

Answer 21

Irritation of cough receptors in airways; afferent signals sent to medulla; efferent impulses related to muscles to produce cough

Question 22

Vagus - role in swallowing

Answer 22

Pharyngeal sensation; pharyngeal swallow onset; velopharyngeal closure; hyolaryngeal clearance; airway protection; esophageal clearance

Question 23

Spinal accessory - muscles

Answer 23

Trapezius and sternocleidomastoic

Question 24

Spinal accessory - motor

Answer 24

Reduced ability to turn head and reduced ability to shrug shoulders

Question 25

Spinal accessory- impact on swallowing

Answer 25

May later dysphagia management

Question 26

Hypoglossal - motor

Answer 26

All intrinsic and extrinsic muscles

Question 27

Hypoglossal - role in swallowing

Answer 27

Oral containment; bolts prep; lingual transport; oral clearance; tongue base retraction; pharyngeal clearance

Question 28

Cervical spine nerve - motor

Answer 28

Geniohyoid - the primary contributor for anterior movement of the hyoid bone Thyrohyoid - Supra- and infra-hyoid muscles can be considered secondary muscles of mastication

Question 29

Dysarthria

Answer 29

Test diadochokinetic rate

Question 30

Apraxia

Answer 30

Ask patient to pretend to blow out match, cluck their tongue, or whistle

Question 31

Aspiration pneumonia causes

Answer 31

Inability to self-feed; dependent for oral care; number of decayed teeth; tube feeding; more than one medical diagnosis; number of medications; smoking

Question 32

3 pillars of pneumonia

Answer 32

1. Compromised immune system 2. The presence of aspiration 3. Poor oral health

Question 33

Clinical swallow evaluation (CSE)

Answer 33

1. Case history/chart review 2. Patient observation 3. Oromotor/CN examination 4. Swallow trials

Question 34

CSE use

Answer 34

Determination of readiness; clinical assessment; instrumental assessment