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Cranium Flashcards

1
Q

Viscerocranium

A

Mandible, Maxilla, Zygomatic, Nasal, Ethmoid (except cribiform plate), Lacrimal, Pterygoid process of Sphenoid (lateral and Medial plates), Tympanic part of Temporal including styloid process, Palatine, Vomer, Inferior Nasal Concha

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2
Q

Neurocranium

A

Frontal, Temporal (petrous, mastoid, and squamous), Occipital, Parietal, Sphenoid, Cribiform plate of Ethmoid

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3
Q

Calvaria

A

Inner and outer tables with cancellous diploe in the middle=marrow rich (primary source of red blood cells)

  • Frontal, Parietal, occipital, Temporal (squamous)
  • Neurocranial injuries=intracranial hemorrhage
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4
Q

Ethmoid

A 
Middle Nasal Concha
Orbital Plate (paper like=lamina papyracea)
Crista Galli
Perpendicular Plate (nasal septum)
Ethmoid Air Cells
Cribiform Plate
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5
Q

Sphenoid

A 
Lesser and Greater Wings
Superior Orbital Fissure
Pterygoid Process:medial lateral plates
Pterygoid  canal
Foramen Rotundum
Foramen Spinosum
Foramen Ovale
Optic Canal 
Sella Turcica (hypophyseal fossa-pituitary gland)
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6
Q

Temporal

A 
Squamous Part
Petrous part
Tympanic Part 
Mastoid Part
Styloid Process
Internal and External Acoutstic Meatus
Zygomatic Process 
Mandibular Fossa/articular tubercle
Stylomastoid foramen
Jugular Fossa
Carotid Canal
Apparatus of Inner Ear (malleus, Incus, Stapes)
Auditory Tube
Petrous Ridge
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7
Q

Mandible

A 
Head Neck mandible
Ramus
Mandibular Foramen (inner)
Mylohyoid groove
Coronoid Process
Mental Protuberance 
Mental Foramen
Mandibular Angle
Alveolus
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8
Q

Temporomandibular Joint

A

Only moving joint of skull

*Head of mandible rides articular tubercle, not against mandibular fossa

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9
Q

Bones of Orbit

A

Frontal, Maxilla, Zygomatic, Spenoid, Ethmoid, Palatine, Lacrimal

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10
Q

Bones of Nasal Cavity

A

Maxilla, Ethmoid, lacrimal, nasal, vomer, palatine bones, sphenoid (medial pterygoid plates), Inferior nasal Concha

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11
Q

Paranasal Sinuses

A

Frontal, Maxillary, Sphenoidal, ethmoid air cells

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12
Q

Sagital Suture

A

Along sagital plane between paired parietal bones

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13
Q

Coronal Suture

A

Along coronal plane between frontal and parietal

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14
Q

Lamboidal Suture

A

Between occipital and parietal

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15
Q

Metopic (frontal) Suture

A

Fully fused along sagital plane of frontal bone

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16
Q

Squamosal suture

A

Suture between squamous and parietal bone

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17
Q

Occipitomastoidal suture

A

Suture between occipital and petrous part of temporal

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18
Q

Sphenoparietal Suture

A

Short suture between sphenoid and parietal bones

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19
Q

Extranumerary Bones

A

Incan/Wormian-near occipital protuberance…broken fused evolutionary bones

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20
Q

Le Fort Fracture I

A

Low, maxilla alveola-horizontal

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21
Q

Le Fort Fracture II

A

low, mid maxilla involving inferior orbital -pyramidal

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22
Q

Le Fort Fracture III

A

involve zygomatic arch, transverse

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23
Q

Positional Plagiocephaly

A

“oblique head” “flat head syndrome”

-due to repetitive head positioning during early growth…oblique slant to the sagital axis

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24
Q

Craniosynostosis

A

deformaties resulting from premature closure of sutures…genetic in Nature

25
Sacphocephaly
premature sagital suture (40-60%)
26
Brachycephaly
premature coronal (20-30%)
27
PLagiocephaly
premature of 1 side of either coronal, lamboidal or both (<4%)
28
Trigoncephaly
Premature metopic (frontal) (<10%)
29
Kleeblattschadel (clover)
premature coronal, lamboid, and sagital...extremely rare
30
Microcephaly
premature fusion of all sutures and fontanelles
31
Hydrocephaly
Congenital inability to absorb CSF resulting in increased intracranial pressure that causes continued growth and expansion of calvaria bones along sutures...fixed with shunt to venous system
32
Bregma
point where sagital and coronal sutures meet
33
Lambda
point where sagital and lamboidal suture meets
34
Glabella
Most anterior point on frontal bone
35
Nasion
Point of intersection of the nasofrontal suture and the mid-sagital plane
36
Pterion
highly variable point intersection of frontal, temporal, sphenoid, and parietal bones...along sphenoparietal suture
37
Anterior Cranial Fossa
Frontal Lobe of Cerebellum
38
Middle Cranial Fossa
Temporal lobe of cerebellum
39
Posterior Cranial Fossa
Cerebellum, Pons, medulla
40
Supraorbital Foramen
Supraorbital nerve CN V1
41
Infraorbital Foramen
Infraorbital nerve CN V2
42
Mental Foramen
Mental Nerve CN V3
43
Greater and Lesser Palatine Foramen
Greater and Lesser palatine nerve CN V2 and vessels (by back molars)
44
Incisive Foramen
Nasal Palatine nerve CN V2 and sphenopalatine vessels
45
Stylomastoid Foramen
Facial Nerve (CN VII)
46
Cribiform PLate
in anterior fossa | -Olfactory Nerve CN I
47
Optic Canal
in anterior fossa | -optic Nerve CN II and opthalmic artery
48
Superior Orbital Fissure
Oculomotor CN III, Trochlear CN IV, Opthalmic CN V1, Abducent CN VI
49
Inferior Orbital Fissure
Infraorbital and zygomatic branches of maxillary CN V2
50
Foramen Rotundum
Maxillary Nerve CN V2
51
Foramen Ovale
Mandible Nerve CN V3 and Accessory Meningeal Artery
52
Foramen Spinosum
Middle Meningeal Artery and Meningeal branch of mandible nerve CN V3
53
Foramen Lacerum
Internal Carotid (carotid canal passes through horizontally
54
Carotid Canal
Internal carotid artery
55
Foramen Magnum
Medulla, vertebral arteries, Acessory nerve CN XI (entering skull after it comes of brainstem)
56
Jugular Foramen
Inferior petrosal sinus becomes internal jugular vein, Glossalpharyngeal nerve CN IX, Vagus Nerve CN X, Accessory Nerve CN XI, and posterior menigeal artery
57
Hypoglossal Canal
Hypoglossal Nerve CN XII
58
Internal and External Acoustic Meatus
Facial Nerve CN VII going into internal meatus then passing out the stylomastoid foramen, Vestibulocochlear Nerve CN VIII

Cranium (1 decks)

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