Creation of Apartheid Flashcards
Key features (20 cards)
1
Q
Britain conquered the colony of South Africa
A
1814
2
Q
Union of South Africa was formed + allowed own government
A
1910
3
Q
Union given independence
A
1931
4
Q
- General election, NP won
- Led by Afrikaaners, Malan came to power
- NP beleived in apartheid
- ‘Separate Development’ idea
A
1948
5
Q
- Prohibition of Mixed Marriages Act
- Made it illegal for poeple of different races to marry
A
1949
6
Q
- Immorality Amendment Act
- Prohibited sexual relationships between black and white people- punishment 6 months hard labour
A
1950
7
Q
- Group Areas Act
- Each racial group to its own residential and trading areas of towns and cities. People in “wrong” areas had to move.
- Most black Africans not allowed to live in cities, had to live in townships e.g. Soweto
- Suppression of Communism: banned any political group that aimed to bring about political change by promotion of disturbance and disorder
A
1950
8
Q
- Native Laws Amendment Act: controlled movement of black people by giving police power to arrest at will.
A
1952
9
Q
Abolition of Passes Act: made all black Africans carry a pass, without it living and working in white areas was illegal
A
1952
10
Q
- Defiance campaign launched
- By October over 8000 black Africans had been arrested and the ANC membership rose
A
1952
11
Q
- Separate Amenties Act: Gave all public services and spaces e.g. parks, beaches, trains, POs signs saying “Europeans only” & “Non-Europeans only”, discriminating by race
A
1953
12
Q
- Bantu Education Act:
- Brought black education fully under government control
- School courses different
- Taught in Afrikaans
- BSAs received more basic education to prepare for less-skilled work
- Taught about position in society
A
1953
13
Q
* Resentment of Natives Act:
* Compulsory movement of 100,000 Africans
A
1954
14
Q
- Senate Act: Removed right of black people to vote
- Couldn’t vote anyway
A
1956
15
Q
- Henrik Verwoerd elected prime minister
- Introduced second phase of apartheid knows as Bantustans
A
1958
16
Q
- Creation of Bantustans such as Transkei- homelands for BSAs
- Due to opposition V wanted to show that they would have a chance to develop their own territory and become independent
- Bantustans heavily government-controlled
- The Sabotage Act: political opposition punishable by death
A
1962
17
Q
*
- The No Trial Act: Allowed police to arrest anyone and hold them in prison for up to 90 days
A
1963
18
Q
- Average income per capita (in rand) for BSAs was 87 and for WSAs it was 952.
- Vorster elected as prime minister
A
1966
19
Q
- Vorster tightened state security by setting up BOSS (Bureau of State Security). A secret police force aimed to enforce apartheid laws.
A
1969
20
Q
- Black children had limited resources at school, £9.50 spent on each black child, £129 for each white child
A
1972
