CRIM 102 (MIDTERM)

Question 1

➢ Scientific study of the mind and
behavior.
➢ A multifaceted discipline and
includes many sub-fields of study
such areas as human
development, sports, health,
clinical, social behavior and
cognitive processes.

Answer 1

PSYCHOLOGY

Question 2

The application of research
and experimentation in other
areas of psychology (e.g.,
Cognitive psychology, social
psychology) to the legal
arena.
➢ This would include applying
results from studies in areas
such as cognitive psychology
to legal questions.

Answer 2

FORENSIC PSYCHOLOGY

Question 3

A branch of psychology that
aims to understand and
comprehend the views,
thoughts, intentions, actions
and reactions of individuals
who commit crimes.

Answer 3

CRIMINAL PSYCHOLOGY

Question 4

It seeks to understand human
behavior, thoughts, and emotions by
delving into the unconscious mind
and the complex interplay between
conscious and unconscious
processes.

Answer 4

PSYCHOANALYTIC THEORY

Question 5

• First to Develop. Contains the basic instinct of man (seeks pleasure, avoid pain and suffering.
• The impulsive, unconscious part of mind that is based on desire to seek satisfaction.

Answer 5

ID

Question 6

• Awareness. Responsible for balancing the pleasure and pain.
• compensate for the of the ID by guiding individuals actions yo keep him within the boundaries of society.
• Helps to satisfy the ID’s demand and compromise according to reality.

Answer 6

EGO

Question 7

The conscience of the mind because it has the ability to distinguish reality as well as right or wrong. It balances the pleasure and reality.

Answer 7

SUPEREGO

Question 8

Unbalanced domain has a tendency to have a chaotic personality. Conflict between the structure is manifested through ___________.

Answer 8

ANXIETY

Question 9

ID
EGO
SUPEREGO

What are their own types of anxiety?

Answer 9

NEUROTIC
REALISTIC
MORAL

Question 10

Only _____ can feel anxiety. It will also do anything to resolve the conflict. And if the _____ will have a struggle to resolve the conflict, Defense Mechanism will occur.

Answer 10

EGO

Question 11

• Individual’s way of reacting the frustration.
• Methods that ego uses to avoid recognizing ideas or emotions that may cause person anxiety.
• The unconscious psychological strategies.

Answer 11

DEFENSE MECHANISM

Question 12

Refuse to acknowledge that an event has occurred.

Answer 12

DENIAL

Question 13

Shifting of actions from desired target to a substitute target when there are some reasons why the first target is not permitted or not available.

Answer 13

DISPLACEMENT

Question 14

Flight into reason where person avoid uncomfortable emotions by focusing on facts and logic.

Answer 14

INTELLECTUALIZATION

Question 15

When a person has uncomfortable thoughts or feelings, he/she may project it to others.

Answer 15

PROJECTION

Question 16

When something happens that we find difficult to accept then we make up logical reason it is happened.

Answer 16

RATIONALIZATION

Question 17

When a person feels an urge to do or say something and then actually does or says something that is effectively the opposite of what he really wants.

Answer 17

REACTION FORMATION

Question 18

Taking the position of a child in some problematic situation, rather that acting in more adult way.

Answer 18

REGRESSION

Question 19

Placing uncomfortable thoughts in relatively inaccessible areas of the subconscious mind.

Answer 19

REPRESSION

Question 20

Person consciously deliberately pushes down any thoughts that leads to feeling of anxiety.

Answer 20

SUPPRESSION

Question 21

The constructive channeling of inner conflicts or impulses into socially acceptable and productive outlets.

Answer 21

SUBLIMATION

Question 22

• Comprised of a set of psychological theories that arise from the ideas that humans are often driven by unconscious motivations and that adult
personality and relationships are often
the result of childhood experiences.
• Focus on the psychological drives and forces within individuals that explain human behavior
and personality.
Originate from Sigmund Freud’s psychoanalysis,
which focused on the unconscious mind as the
source of psychological distress and dysfunction.

Answer 22

PSYCHODYNAMIC THEORY

Question 23

Social Learning Theory. Branch of behavior theory of ALBERT BANDURA.
Individuals are NOT born with an innate ability to act
violently.
Rather, violence and aggression are learned through a
process of behavior modeling.

Answer 23

BEHAVIORAL THEORY

Question 24

What are the sources that makes children learn violence through observation.

Answer 24

FAMILY INTERACTION
ENVIRONMENTAL EXPERIENCE
MASS MEDIA

Question 25

Characterized by their focus on the idea that how and what people think leads to the arousal of emotions and that certain thoughts and beliefs lead to disturbed emotions and behaviors and others lead to healthy emotions and adaptive behavior. This attempt to understand how criminal offender perceive and mentally represent the world around them.

Answer 25

COGNITIVE THEORY

Question 26

Something that makes us what we are and also that which makes us different from others.

Answer 26

PERSONALITY

Question 27

Big 5 Model of Personality

Answer 27

CONSCIENTIOUSNESS EXTRAVERSION AGREEABLENESS NEUROTICISM OPENNESS

Question 28

Focuses on a person's ability to control impulses and exercise self-control.

Answer 28

CONSCIENTIOUSNESS

Question 29

A traits such as talkative, energetic, assertive, and outgoing. Social interaction is the key here. Often takes leadership, the first to offer their opinion and suggestions and they are often quick to approach others.

Answer 29

EXTRAVERSION

Question 30

Describes a person's ability to put others needs before their own. More likely to be empathetic and find pleasure in helping others and working with people who need more help.

Answer 30

AGREEABLENESS

Question 31

Reflects a person's level of emotional stability. Often defined as negative personality trait that involves negative, emotions, poor self regulation, etc.

Answer 31

NEUROTICISM

Question 32

Active imagination, find pleasure in beauty. Attentive to their inner feelings and have preference for variety and are intellectual curious.

Answer 32

OPENNESS

Question 33

➢ A complex and multifaceted cognitive ability that encompasses a range of mental capacities and skills. ➢ It involves the ability to learn, reason, problem-solve, adapt, comprehend complex ideas, and apply knowledge to new situations.

Answer 33

INTELLIGENCE

Question 34

It is believe that criminals and delinquents possess low intelligence and that this low intelligence causes criminality. The ideology or concept of IQ and crime has crystallized into the _______ vs ________ debate. It can be developed through heredity while the other one is through environment.

Answer 34

NATURE & NURTURE

Question 35

A severe personality disorder characterized by interpersonal deceptiveness and calloused, remorseless use of others, as well as behavioral recklessness, impulsivity, and overt antisocial behavior (e.g., aggression, violence).

Answer 35

PSYCHOPATHIC PERSONALITY

Question 36

A product of a destructive home environment.

Answer 36

SOCIOPATH

Question 37

A product of a defect or aberration within themselves.

Answer 37

PSYCHOPATHS

Question 38

These are the approaches which correlates crime and IQ: 1. IQ and crime are spuriously, not casually, correlated; 2. Low IQ increases criminal behavior; or 3. Criminal behavior decreases IQ.

Answer 38

LOW IQ THEORY

Question 39

This theory states that aggression is caused by frustration. When someone is prevented from reaching their important goal or satisfy one of their needs they become frustrated which can turn into aggression when the right trigger is present.

Answer 39

LOW IQ THEORY

Question 40

Who is the proponent of INFERIORITY and COMPLEX?

Answer 40

Alfred Adler

Question 41

Lack of self-worth, a doubt and uncertainty about oneself, and feeling of not measuring up to standard. Lack of covert self-esteem.

Answer 41

INFERIORITY COMPLEX

Question 42

Rooted in the young child’s original experience of weakness, helplessness, and dependency.

Answer 42

PRIMARY INFERIORITY

Question 43

Relates to an adult’s experience of being unable to reach a subconscious, reassuring fictional final goal of subjective security and success to compensate for the inferiority feelings.

Answer 43

SECONDARY INFERIORITY

Question 44

IMPORTANT NOTES ➢The secondary inferiority feeling results from inadequacy to achieve the desires which are unattainable or unrealistic. ➢ A feeling of inferiority is not a disease; rather, it is a stimulant to healthy, normal striving and development. However, it can be a pathological condition when the sense of inadequacy becomes overwhelm to the point of making the person into depress and incapable of development. ➢ The secondary inferiority feeling results from inadequacy to achieve the desires which are unattainable or unrealistic. ➢ A feeling of inferiority is NOT a disease; rather, it is a stimulant to healthy, normal striving and development. However, it can be a pathological condition when the sense of inadequacy becomes overwhelm to the point of making the person into depress and incapable of development.

Answer 44

ALDERIAN THEORY

Question 45

Adopts a utilitarian belief that man is a reasoning actor who weighs means and ends, cost and benefits and makes a rational choice.

Answer 45

RATIONAL CHOICE THEORY

Question 46

Try to interpret crime through societal conditions and explain deviant or criminal behavior through the circumstances in which they occur.

Answer 46

SOCIOLOGICAL THEORY

Question 47

The core principle of this theory is that PLACE MATTERS- which means that the person’s residential location is a substantial factor shaping the likelihood that person will become involved in illegal activities.

Answer 47

SOCIAL DISORGANIZATION THEORY