Crime Topic 5

Question 1

Wilson & Kelling Aim

Answer 1

To challenge existing beliefs about the fear of crime and the role of the police by exploring the links between disorder and subsequent crimes.

Question 2

Community controls against disorder and crime

Answer 2

Residents perceived level of serious crime increases fear, residents keep of the streets and avoid others, residents cal the police and are told that they are under staffed and stop calling, families who can afford move out the area (crime rates increase, this area has become more vulnerable to crime)

Question 3

Safe Neighbourhoods

Answer 3

“How can a neighbourhood be considered safer when the crime rate has not gone down”

They suggest the answer is in understanding what frightens people in public places, fear of being bothered by disorderly people

Question 4

Community Policing

Answer 4

System of allocating police officers to certain areas of a neighbourhood so they become familiar with locals. The builds ties working closely with the community

Question 5

New developments in policing

Answer 5

The role changed from maintaining order to apprehending criminals. W&K believe to maintain a safe neighbourhood police should not let the small events be unacknowledged.

Question 6

Ensuring Police treat everyone fairly

Answer 6

3 solutions: variations of theNewark Experiment (foot patrol), informal and social control methods and to employ citizen patrols

Question 7

Maintaining Order

Answer 7

Due to police cuts some neighbourhoods are so crime ridden that foot patrols are pointless. They suggest the key objective should be to identify neighbourhoods on the tipping point

Question 8

Suggestions

Answer 8

• Private security can hire off duty police to patrol the building
• Patrol officers should use public transport and enforces rules

Question 9

Conclusion 1

Answer 9

Police may have been mistakenly encouraged to think they will be judged on their capacity as crime fighters, policing should be focussed in high crime areas

Question 10

Conclusion 2

Answer 10

We should return to the view that the police ought to protect the communities as well as individuals

Question 11

Conclusion 3

Answer 11

Crime statistics measure individual losses but not communal loses

Question 12

Neighbourhood Watch Associations

Answer 12

Aim to reduce crime by directly involving the community in activities that promote or assist in the detection of crime.
(1) neighbours discuss and judge interest
(2) They contact the NHW to register the association and contact the local police
(3) consider what they want to achieve
(4) appoint a coordinator who is the key contact point

NHW schemes receive regular local policing updates and alerts

Question 13

Usefulness

Answer 13

Useful when residents can see each other’s houses so they can watch for suspicious activity. Less useful in areas of reduced surveillance e.g block of flats, useful in preventing burglaries and antisocial behaviour and helps the vulnerable

Question 14

Effectiveness

Answer 14

Acts as a deterrent by increasing awareness that locals are looking for and reporting suspicious behaviour. Facilitates the flow of intelligence

Question 15

Practicalities

Answer 15

Free to set up and based on the motivation of its members, can create safety mechanisms. Some cost may be involved in terms of time and running meetings