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English Vocabulary > Criminal Cases Terms > Flashcards

Criminal Cases Terms Flashcards

(128 cards)

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1
Q

Absolución

A

Acquittal

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2
Q

Afirmar

A

Affirm

When the appellate court agrees with the decision from the trial court.

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3
Q

Defensa afirmativa

Explicación de un delito que hace que el acto no sea delictivo, como la coacción, o que modifica la condena, como el acaloramiento pasional o la demencia. La carga de la prueba recae sobre el acusado.

A

Affirmative Defense

An explanation for a crime that makes the act noncriminal, such as duress, or that changes the sentence, such as heat of passion or insanity. The defendant has the burden of proving the defense by a preponderance of the evidence.

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4
Q

Monitor de tobillo

A

Ankle monitor

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5
Q

Apelación

A

Appeal

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6
Q

Lectura de cargos

A

Arraignment

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7
Q

Arresto

A

Arrest

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8
Q

Orden de arresto

A

Arrest Warrant

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9
Q

Fianza

A

Bail

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10
Q

Audiencia de fianza

A

Bail hearing

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11
Q

Agente de fianzas

A

Bail Bondsman

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12
Q

Juicio a puerta cerrada, juicio sin jurado

A

Bench Trial

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13
Q

Orden de arresto del juez, orden de comparecencia

A

Bench Warrant

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14
Q

What is the difference between “arrest warrant” and “bench warrant”

A

An “arrest warrant” is issued to apprehend a suspect involved in a suspected crime, while a “bench warrant” is issued to compel the appearance of someone who has failed to meet a court’s previous orders, such as attending a scheduled court date. Both types of warrants authorize law enforcement to take the individuals into custody, but they are issued in different circumstances.

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15
Q

Más Allá de Toda Duda Razonable

A

Beyond a Reasonable Doubt

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16
Q

Fianza o garantía

A

Bond

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17
Q

Registro de Detención, proceso de detención.

A

Booking

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18
Q

Alegato, informe breve

A

Brief

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19
Q

Carga de la Prueba, carga de la evidencia

A

Burden of Proof

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20
Q

Cambio de declaración

A

Change of plea

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21
Q

Cargos, acusación

A

Charges

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22
Q

Citación, multa

A

Citation

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23
Q

Caso civil

A

Civil

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24
Q

Delito menor clase “A”

A

Class “A” Misdemeanor

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25
Delito mayor clase "C"
Class "C" felony
26
Argumento de clausura, Alegato final
Closing argument
27
Denuncia, demanda
Complaint
28
Servicio comunitario
Community work service
29
Condiciones de liberación
Condition of release
30
Desacato al Tribunal, Desobediencia al Tribunal
Contempt of Court
31
Condena, sentencia
Conviction
32
Crimen, delito
Crime
33
Sistema de justicia penal
Criminal Justice System
34
Contrainterrogatorio, Interrogatorio Cruzado
Cross-Examination
35
Custodia, arresto
Custody
36
Acusado
Defendant
37
Descubrimiento, revelación de pruebas
Discovery
38
Fiscal del Distrito
District attorney / Prosecutor
39
Doble riesgo, doble enjuiciamiento
Double Jeopardy
40
División de Vehículos Motorizados
Division of Motor Vehicles (DMV)
41
Conducir bajo los efectos del alcohol o drogas.
Driving under the influence (DUI)
42
Dispositivo de monitoreo electrónico
Electronic monitoring device
43
Pruebas o evidencia
Evidence
44
Audiencia probatoria / Audiencia de pruebas
Evidentiary Hearing
45
Delincuente, criminal condenado
Felon
46
Delito grave
Felony
47
Multa
Fine
48
Primera comparecencia / Primera audiencia
First Appearance
49
Permiso de salida / Licencia penitenciaria.
Furloughs
50
Tiempo Bueno / Reducción de condena por buen comportamiento.
Good Time
51
Gran Jurado / Jurado de Acusación.
Grand Jury
52
Culpable
Guilty
53
Casa de Media Estancia / Centro Residencial Comunitario (CRC)
Halfway House also known as Community Residential Center (CRC)
54
Jurado en Desacuerdo / Jurado en Empate
Hung Jury
55
Dispositivo de bloqueo del encendido / Dispositivo de interbloqueo de encendido (DUI)
Ignition interlock device.
56
Consentimiento tácito / Consentimiento implícito
Implied consent
57
Encarcelado / Preso
Incarcerated.
58
Acta de Acusación
Indictment
59
Información / Cargos
Information
60
Infracción / Contravención
Infraction
61
Investigar / Investigación
Investigate / Investigation
62
Cárcel / Prisión
Jail
63
Juez
Judge
64
Sentencia / Fallo
Judgement
65
Jurisdicción / Competencia
Jurisdiction
66
Jurado / Tribunal de jurado
Jury
67
Instrucciones del jurado / Instrucciones del tribunal del jurado
Jury instructions.
68
Jueces de Paz / Jueces de Magistratura
Magistrate Judges.
69
Derechos de Miranda
Miranda rights or Miranda warning.
70
Delito menor
Misdemeanor
71
Juicio Nulo / Juicio Anulado
Mistrial
72
Moción / Petición
Motion
73
No Contest / Nolo Contendere Please note that "Nolo contendere" is a Latin legal term commonly used in the United States and may not have a direct equivalent in some other legal systems.
No me opongo / Nolo contendere.
74
No Culpable
Not Guilty
75
Delincuente
Offender
76
Audiencia omnibus / Audiencia previa al juicio
Omnibus hearing
77
Sentencia abierta / Pena a discreción del juez.
Open Sentencing
78
Declaración de apertura
Opening Statement
79
Argumento Oral / Alegato Oral
Oral Argument
80
Ordenanza / Reglamento municipal
Ordinance
81
Anular / Revocar
Overturn
82
Bajo palabra / Libertad bajo palabra.
Own Recognizance (OR)
83
Libertad Condicional
Parole
84
Libertad condicional discrecional
Discretionary Parole
85
Libertad condicional obligatoria
Mandatory Parole
86
Junta de Libertad Condicional
Parole board
87
Penalidades / Sanciones
Penalties
88
Desafío perentorio. Al elegir un jurado, cada parte puede rechazar un número fijo de posibles jurados sin dar ninguna razón. En Alaska, cada parte puede también recusar perentoriamente al juez asignado al principio del caso, sin dar ninguna razón.
Peremptory Challenge.
89
Petición para Revocar la Libertad Condicional.
Petition to Revoke Probation
90
Declaración o Alegato
Plea
91
Acuerdo de Declaración / Acuerdo de Culpabilidad
Plea Agreement / Plea Bargain / Plea Deal
92
Post-Conviction Relief
Recurso de Post condena
93
Examen Preliminar / Audiencia Preliminar
Preliminary Examination
94
Informe antes de la sentencia / Informe previo a la condena
Pre-sentence Report
95
Prisión / Penitenciaria
Prison
96
Causa Probable / Motivo Fundado
Probable Cause
97
Libertad condicional / Suspensión de la condena
Probation
98
Oficial de Libertad Condicional
Probation Officer
99
Fiscal
Prosecutor
100
Defensor Público
Public defender
101
Restitución / Compensación
Restitution
102
Audiencia de Revocación / Audiencia de Anulación
Revocation Hearing
103
Regla 5 / Norma 5
Rule 5
104
Reglas de prueba / Reglas de evidencia.
Rules of Evidence
105
Fianza garantizada
Secured Bond
106
Sentencia / Condena
Sentence
107
Audiencia de sentencia / Audiencia de condena
Sentencing Hearing
108
Notificar / Cumplir (una condena)
Serve
109
Juicio rápido / Juicio sin dilaciones indebidas
Speedy Trial
110
Seguro SR-22 / Seguro de responsabilidad financiera SR-22
SR-22 Insurance
111
Estipulación / Acuerdo de las partes
Stipulation
112
Citación / Citación judicial
Subpoena
113
Citación / Orden de comparecencia
Summons
114
Suprimir / Excluir
Suppress
115
Recargo / Sobrecargo
Surcharge
116
Suspensión de entrada del fallo / Suspensión de la imposición de la sentencia
Suspended Entry of Judgment (SEJ)
117
Imposición suspendida de la sentencia / Condena con imposición suspendida
Suspended Imposition of Sentence (SIS)
118
Fiador / Avalista
Surety
119
Sentencia suspendida / Condena suspendida
Suspended Sentence
120
Custodio de terceros / Tercero responsable
Third Party Custodian
121
Tiempo cumplido
Time Served
122
Juicio / Proceso judicial
Trial
123
Juez de primera instancia / Juez de tribunal de juicio
Trial Court Judge
124
Fianza de comparecencia no garantizada
Unsecured Appearance Bond
125
Veredicto
Verdict
126
Victima
Victim
127
Infraccion / Violacion
Violation
128

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