Criminal Justice 1

Question 1

Which U.S constitutional amendment guarantees the right to a speedy trial?

Answer 1

Sixth

Question 2

Which of the following is not an excuse

Answer 2

Impulse

Question 3

If you are looking for national crime statistics and want data on crimes reported to the police, you should use which of the following sources of data?

Answer 3

The Uniform Crime Reports

Question 4

Social ______ is a condition said to exist when a group is faced with social change, uneven development of culture, maladaptiveness, disharmony, conflict, and lack of consensus

Answer 4

disorganization

Question 5

For which of the following studies would you definitely want to use NIBRS rather than UCR

Answer 5

A study examining multiple crimes that occur within a single incident

Question 6

The “evidence” in evidence-based policing refers to _______

Answer 6

scientific evidence

Question 7

to establish the _____ of a crime, the state must show that a criminal law was violated and that someone violated it

Answer 7

corpus delicti

Question 8

the ____ compares the number of reported or discovered crimes to the number of crimes solved through arrest or other means

Answer 8

clearance rate

Question 9

Offenders who have served a portion of their prison sentences may be released on _______

Answer 9

parole

Question 10

________ robbery is committed through intimidation and does not involve the use of a weapon

Answer 10

Strong arm

Question 11

An offender is convicted of multiple crimes and is sentenced for each offense. A ____ sentence permits the offender to serve all sentences at the same time

Answer 11

concurrent

Question 12

____ involves killing at least four victims at one location during one event

Answer 12

Mass murder

Question 13

The first policewomen served with the _______

Answer 13

LAPD

Question 14

Before being questioned, defendants are usually advised of their _____ rights

Answer 14

Miranda

Question 15

John has been convicted of a crime and been sentenced to a term of 1 year of incarceration in prison. John most likely committed a

Answer 15

felony

Question 16

A police officer working in a multicultural community requires a high level of _____ to be able to interact effectively with everyone in the community

Answer 16

cultural competence

Question 17

Sarah is accused of murdering her husband. She claims that she killed him after having been severely physically and sexually abused by her husband for years. Sarah is most likely using which defense

Answer 17

Provocation

Question 18

Which impact did the Kansas City studies have on police patrol?

Answer 18

Police developed new forms of directed patrol

Question 19

Which local law enforcement official is responsible for serving court papers, maintaining security within courtrooms, and running the county jail?

Answer 19

The sheriff

Question 20

The _______ holds that individuals cannot be held criminally responsible for their actions if at the time of the crime they did not know what they were doing or did not know that their actions were wrong

Answer 20

M’Naghten rule

Question 21

In the 1990s, the perception that crime rates were increasing and that offenders were not being punished resulted in increased focus on __________

Answer 21

Individual accountability

Question 22

The modern-day sheriff is derived from which early English official

Answer 22

Shire reeve

Question 23

Your child is injured when you left them in a bathtub alone. Which type of mens rea likely exists in this situation?

Answer 23

Negligent

Question 24

______ rights are guaranteed to all members of American society by the U.S constitution and are particularly important to criminal defendants facing formal processing by the criminal justice system.

Answer 24

Individual

Question 25

Which model best assumes that the systems components work together harmoniously to achieve justice

Answer 25

The consensus model

Question 26

The defense of ______ is used by a defendant whose ability to understand the wrongfulness of his or her behavior is significantly impaired

Answer 26

diminished capacity

Question 27

Which of the following is an inchoate offense?

Answer 27

Conspiracy

Question 28

______ uses research into everyday police procedures to evaluate current practices and to guide officers and police executives in future decision making.

Answer 28

Evidence-based policing

Question 29

Which of the following is an example of a procedural defense?

Answer 29

The defendant was denied his right to a speedy trial

Question 30

Currently, the main priority of the Federal Bureau of Investigation is

Answer 30

terrorism

Question 31

Nonforcible with a victim under the age of consent is generally known as _____

Answer 31

statutory rape

Question 32

Any crime perpetrated through the use of computer tech is known as ______

Answer 32

cybercrime

Question 33

_______ is a contemporary policing strategy in which law enforcement agencies focus their resources on known areas of criminal activity.

Answer 33

Hot-spot policing

Question 34

______ requires that the criminal act and the mental state occur together in order for a crime to take place

Answer 34

Concurrence

Question 35

T/F. An offender who is found guilty of multiple chargers and who is serving one sentence after another is completed has been given a consecutive sentence

Answer 35

True

Question 36

T/F. In serial murder, there may be some period of time between each killing

Answer 36

True

Question 37

T/F. In most jurisdictions, you are allowed to use deadly force to prevent someone from taking or damaging your property, even though your life is not as risk. For example, someone breaks your car window when you are not in the car.

Answer 37

False

Question 38

T/F Vigilantism is the act of taking the law into one's own hands

Answer 38

True

Question 39

T/F. A public-order advocate supports the interests of society over individual rights

Answer 39

True

Question 40

T/F The dark figure of crime refers to crime that are reported to the police

Answer 40

False

Question 41

T/F Because you can prove that you were visiting family in Canada when a crime occurred on campus, you may use an alibi defense

Answer 41

True

Question 42

T/F The Kansas City experiment found that increasing the level of preventive patrol had no effect on crime or fear of crime

Answer 42

True

Question 43

T/F A sentence of two years in prison is a reasonable sentence for an offender convicted of an infraction

Answer 43

False

Question 44

T/F The LEAA provided education and training for police officers and did not provide funding

Answer 44

False

Question 45

T/F Due process is not a right guaranteed by the Bill of rights

Answer 45

False

Question 46

T/F In a self-reported survey, respondents may reveal any illegal activity in. which they have been involved

Answer 46

True

Question 47

T/F Civil Law governs relationships between people

Answer 47

True

Question 48

T/F. A misdemeanor is usually punishable by incarceration in a local facility for a year or less. Typically 6 months or less

Answer 48

True

Question 49

Sarah is a police sergeant who is responsible for supervising six patrol officers. This number represents Sarah's _____

Answer 49

Span of control

Question 50

A search warrant can only be issues if there is ________

Answer 50

probable cause

Question 51

The intentional use of a firearm or other instrument resulting in a high probability of death is known as _______

Answer 51

deadly force

Question 52

A drug court is an example of a _______

Answer 52

problem-solving court

Question 53

Overall, approximately what percent of state criminal cases are resolved through plea bargaining?

Answer 53

Almost 95%

Question 54

According to _______, evidence illegally seized by the police cannot be used in a trial

Answer 54

the exclusionary rule

Question 55

Probable cause is _________

Answer 55

a set of facts that cause a reasonable person to believe that a person committed a specific crime

Question 56

Police-community relations ________

Answer 56

recognizes that the police derive their legitimacy from the community they serve

Question 57

What is the earliest stage of the court process at which defendant may be given formal notice of the charges against them?

Answer 57

First Appearance

Question 58

An attorney who is tasked to represent the accused at trial.

Answer 58

Defense Counsel

Question 59

A subpoena _____

Answer 59

is a written order requiring an individual to appear in court

Question 60

What is a hung jury?

Answer 60

a jury that is unable to agree on a verdict

Question 61

Release of recognizance _______

Answer 61

permits release on the basis of a written promise to appear

Question 62

George has been accused of multiple crimes, why would the prosecutor want to try George separately on each charge?

Answer 62

Trying charges separately would allow another trial on a new charge if George is found not guilty at a trial

Question 63

CAPRA and SARA are examples of the methodology of ______

Answer 63

police problem solving

Question 64

How are federal district court judges selected?

Answer 64

they are appointed by the president with the consent of the senate

Question 65

American criminal trial courts operate under a structure known as _____

Answer 65

the adversarial system

Question 66

Mario is a criminal attorney with a private practice. He has been appointed by the court to serve as a defense attorney for an indigent defendant and receives a fee from the court that is set by the state government. Mario is a(n) ______ counsel.

Answer 66

assigned

Question 67

The broken windows model of policing focuses on which element of the police mission _______

Answer 67

preserving the peace

Question 68

______ is a crime-analysis and police-management process built on crime mapping that was developed by the NYPD

Answer 68

CompStat

Question 69

The ______ exception to the exclusionary rule allows police to conduct warrantless searches of a vehicle

Answer 69

fleeing-targets

Question 70

Based on the decision in McNabb v. U.S the standard maximum time by which a first appearance should be held has been set at ______ hours after arrest

Answer 70

48

Question 71

Based on the decision in McNabb v. U.S the standard maximum time by which a first appearance should be held has been set at ______ hours after arrest

Answer 71

Retained counsel

Question 72

A defendant who is not indigent and who can afford private attorney fees will have which type of defense attorney?

Answer 72

Problem-solving

Question 73

A neighborhood resource officer asks community residents to clean up trash, remove graffiti, and install better lighting in a local park that is known for extensive drug dealing. This request is characteristic of what type of policing?

Answer 73

character witness

Question 74

A(n) ____ may provide information about the defendant's personality, family life, and business acumen in an effort to show that the defendant is not the kind of person who would commit the crime with which he or she is charged.

Answer 74

beyond a reasonable doubt

Question 75

The standard of proof required in a criminal trial is _______

Answer 75

Exculpatory evidence

Question 76

____ is information having a tendency to clear a person of guilt or blame

Question 77

What is the importance of the Fourteenth Amendment?

Question 78

A police chief instructs officers to write tickets for any motorists who are going at least one mile per hour above the speed limit. This department is most likely operating under the ________ style of policing.

Question 79

The judge ________.

Question 80

Fingerprints and tire tracks examples of ________ evidence.

Question 81

The right to a speedy trial is guaranteed by the ________ Amendment to the U.S. Constitution.

Question 82

T/F A court with original jurisdiction has the lawful authority to review a decision made by a lower court without an official appeals.

Question 82

A court with original jurisdiction has the lawful authority to review a decision made by a lower court without an official appeals.

Question 83

T/F Police discretion includes the decision to not make an arrest.

Question 84

T/F An arrest warrant only requires reasonable suspicion, not probable cause.

Question 85

T/F A police officer not brought in as an expert can give an opinion on stand.

Question 86

T/F Victim assistance programs provide services to witnesses.

Question 87

T/F The right to bail is guaranteed in the Constitution.

Question 88

T/F The primary duty of the judge is to ensure justice.

Question 89

T/F Most police training programs today include an ethics component.

Question 90

T/F The plain-view doctrine still applies if officers move objects so they can see evidence otherwise hidden from view.

Question 91

T/F All police officers are corrupt.

Question 92

T/F Solvability factors are used to determine the identity of a perpetrator's identity and give a designation on if a case may be solved.

Question 93

T/F The police subculture is mainly communicated through formal academy training/curriculum.

Question 94

T/F For a witness to be guilty of perjury, the false statement must have been made intentionally.

Question 95

T/F The prosecutor's job essentially ends when a jury returns a finding of guilt or innocence.

Question 96

T/F It is the job of the court reporter to keep an accurate record of all that occurs during a trial.

Question 97

T/F Educational level is not ever a recruiting criterion for police recruitment.