Criminal Justice System

Question 1

what is the criminal justice system made up of ? (8)

Answer 1

1. the police
2. the law offices
3. the national offender
4. the ministry of justice
5. her majestys
6. the courts
7. the serious fraud office
8. the home office

Question 2

police involvement in CJS?

Answer 2

• responsible for investigation of crime, collection of evidence and arrest and detention of suspected offenders

Question 3

the law offices involvement in CJS?

Answer 3

• legal advisor to the government and overseas

Question 4

the national offender involvement in CJS?

Answer 4

• provides adminstration of correctional services in England and Wales through prisons and probation services

Question 5

ministry of justice involvement in CJS?

Answer 5

• responsibility for courts, prisons, probation and attendance services including criminal and family justice

Question 6

her majestys involvment in the CJS?

Answer 6

• independent organisation that inspects and reports on the Crown Prosecuation Service

Question 7

the courts involvment in the CJS?

Answer 7

• cases heard within Magistrates Courts (lower, all cases) and the Crown Courts (big cases), Youth Courts (youth crimes 10-18)

Question 8

Serious fraud office involvement in CJS?

Answer 8

• prosecutes serious or complex fraud and corruption

Question 9

the home office involvement in CJS?

Answer 9

• responsibility for immigration, passports, drug policy, crime, counter terrorism and police

Question 10

what do functionalists believe about the CJS?

Answer 10

• good
• reflects value consensus within society (dominant ideas what right/wrong)
• crime over time changes bc CJS reflects socially constructed ideas about what is considered illegal/deviant
• law maintains order and value consensus

Question 11

what do marxists believe about the CJS?

Answer 11

• bad
• CJS reflects values and aspirations of ruling class who dominate CJS
• majority of crimes commited by working class, MC crimes undetected and unpoliced + let off for minor crimes
• serves bourgeois interests

Question 12

what does Foucault believe about the CJS?

Answer 12

• state controls individuals and has power to define who becomes criminal and who doesnt
• CJS become way of state controlling and regulating individuals behaviour due to modernity
• punishment focuses on mind eg knowing person watched is a deterrant

Question 13

what do new right believe about the CJS?

Answer 13

• Murray- social control likely take place in CJS and through welfare system
• Garland- Social control changed from limited to traditional penal sentencing to regulating people through welfare reform
• Cohen- public and private social control merging with punishments due to criminal behaviour needs to be range of punishing crime

Question 14

women in the CJS?

Answer 14

• chiavlry thesis- women treated leniently eg less likely recieve sentences for manslaughter than men + less likely stopped and searched
• can be treated more harshly with serious crimes, Walklate rape trials woman judged for behaviour and straying from conformist. highly gendered set of assumptions
• double deviance

Question 15

racism in the CJS?

Answer 15

• Philips + Bowling
• CJS reflects racist views that are deeply embedded in practices ef discrimination of particular ethnic begins with policing priorities and practices

Question 16

What do interactionists/labelling think about CJS?

Answer 16

• Becker- law enforcement is subjective and based on labels
• CJS can create deviance eg SFP