Criminal Theories Flashcards
(22 cards)
What are the 6 types of criminal act?
Fatal offences against the person Non-fatal offences against the person Offences against property Sexual offences Public order offences Drug offences
What is a fine?
A court sanctioned financial penalty
What is a penalty notice?
A non-court sanction given for disorder such as possessing cannabis or being drunk.
This can only be given to over 18s
What are values?
Rules shared by most people in a given culture
What is a legal crime?
Behaviour that breaks the law and for which you are punished by the legal system
What are the 3 forms of deviance?
Admired behaviour
Odd behaviour
Bad behaviour
What is an informal sanction?
A sanction that is not legally sanctioned, but encourages a person to stick to the norms of society and conform, rather than be deviant (e.g. an eye role)
What is a formal sanction?
A punishment for a criminal act
What is a social crime?
A crime that differs between religions, cultures and countries
What is a crime?
Behaviour that violates social norms, moral values, religious beliefs or legal boundaries
What is a moral code?
A good way of behaving
What does actus reus mean?
Guilty act
What is a caution?
A non-court sanction given by the police for minor crimes to caution offenders who have admitted to avoid arrest
What is a community sentence?
A court sanction that is served in the community
What is a custodial sentence?
A court sanction that is basically prison
What is discharge?
A formal sanction that means the offender is free to go, but if they commit anymore crime their punishments will be harsher
What is a conditional caution?
A non-court sanction given by the police for minor crimes to caution offenders who have admitted to avoid arrest, but with certain conditions attached
What 2 elements must a crime have to have in law?
Actus rea
Mens rea
What is deviance?
The failure to conform to the social norms of society
What does mens rea mean?
Guilty mind
What are norms?
Social expectations that guide behaviour and explain why people act the way they do
What are mores?
Moral ways of behaving
