Critical Care Cardiology

Question 1

In response to ______, pulmonary arteries constrict.

Answer 1

hypoxia

Question 2

In response to decrease in systemic perfusion, blood vessels ________.

Answer 2

constrict

Question 3

Cardiac Output Formula

Answer 3

HR x Stroke Volume

Question 4

Normal Range: Cardiac Index

Answer 4

2.5 - 5 L/min

Question 5

Normal Range: Pulmonary Vascular Resistance

Answer 5

50 - 250 dynes

Question 6

Normal Range: Systemic Vascular Resistance

Answer 6

800 - 1200 Dynes

Question 7

The force required to accelerate a mass of one gram at a rate of one centimeter per second squared.

Answer 7

Dyne

Question 8

The _____ “Kentucky” heart sound is caused by CHF or Chordae Tendinae dysfunction.

Answer 8

S3

Question 9

The ____ “Tennessee” heart sound is caused by hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, HTN, Pulmonary or Aortic Stenosis

Answer 9

S3

Question 10

Auscultation Points for heart sounds in order

Answer 10

Aortic
Pulmonic
Tricuspid
Mitral

(All Physicians Take Money)

Question 11

This electrolyte flows into the cell to initiate depolarization.

Answer 11

Sodium

Question 12

This electrolyte flows out of the cell to initiate repolarization.

Answer 12

Potassium

Question 13

This electrolyte maintains depolarization of pacemaker cells/myocardial contractility

Answer 13

Calcium

Question 14

This electrolyte stabilizes the cell membrane.

Answer 14

Magnesium

Question 15

A complete block of the ____ is often called the “widow maker”

Answer 15

Left Coronary Artery

Question 16

Troponin increases _____ hours from onset of chest pain.

Answer 16

3 - 12

Question 17

Troponin peaks at 24 - 48 hours, and returns to baseline over ______ days

Answer 17

5 - 14

Question 18

The most sensitive EARLY MARKER for myocardial infarction is ___________.

Answer 18

Myoglobin

Question 19

An _______ MI can cause bradycardia or 1 Degree or 2nd Degree block.

Answer 19

Inferior

Question 20

An anterior MI can be caused from occlusion of the ________.

Answer 20

Left Anterior Descending Artery

Question 21

______ are widened QRS complexes or “rabbit ears”

Answer 21

Bundle Branch Blocks

Question 22

______ are associated with new onset AMI’s.

Answer 22

Left Bundle Branch Blocks

Question 23

The Right Coronary Artery is repaired using the ________ vein.

Answer 23

Saphenous

Question 24

The Left Anterior Descending Artery is repaired using the ________.

Answer 24

Inferior Mammary Artery

Question 25

Class 1 Antidysrhythmics

Answer 25

Sodium Channel Blockers

Question 26

Class 2 Antidysrhythmics

Answer 26

Beta Blockers

Question 27

Class 3 Antidysrhythmics

Answer 27

Potassium Channel Blockers

Question 28

Class 4 Antidysrhytmics

Answer 28

Calcium Channel Blockers

Question 29

Class 5 Antidysrhythmics

Answer 29

Miscellaneous

Question 30

Norepinephrine and dopamine are often used in _____________.

Answer 30

Hypovolemic Shock

Question 31

Both dopamine and milrinone are often used in ___________.

Answer 31

Cardiogenic Shock

Question 32

Diuretics and Vasodilators make __________ worse.

Answer 32

cardiac output

Question 33

_______ Syndrome is seen as a slurred upstroke on the leading edge of the QRS complex.

Answer 33

Wolff-Parksinson-White

Question 34

_____ is the diagnostic lead for WPW.

Answer 34

V1

Question 35

IV Drug Abuse is the #1 leading cause of ___________.

Answer 35

endocarditis

Question 36

_______ are red lesions on the palm and soles that is seen in Endocarditis.

Answer 36

Janeway Lesions

Question 37

______ are painful red fingertips seen in Endocarditis.

Answer 37

Osler Nodes

Question 38

_________- is pericarditis occurring in the post-MI/ post cardiac surgery patient.

Answer 38

Dressler's Syndrome

Question 39

In CHF, the heart is ____% the width of the chest.

Answer 39

50

Question 40

An _________ is described as a "ripping or tearing" sensation between the shoulder blades.

Answer 40

Aortic Dissection

Question 41

An Aortic Dissection is common with ________ Syndrome.

Answer 41

Marfan's

Question 42

______ is an "out ruching" of either the cardiac aorta or the abdominal aorta.

Answer 42

Aneurysm

Question 43

An aneurysm is surgically repaired when > _______, or symptomatic.

Answer 43

5 cm