Critical Period, 1783-1789 Flashcards

1
Q

In 1783, this treaty ended the American Revolution and the British recognized American independence.

A

Treaty of Paris 1783

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2
Q

The Treaty of Paris of 1783 created which borders for the newly recognized United States.

A

West - Mississippi
North - Great Lakes
South - Spanish Florida

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3
Q

In 1786, this rebellion sparked frustrations in Massachusetts backcountry farmers who were losing their farms. This convinced American leaders that the Articles was too weak and needed a stronger government.

A

Shay’s Rebellion

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4
Q

This backcountry farmer led a rebellion in the United States because he wanted to end farm foreclosures, end imprisonment for debt, reduce high taxes, and increase paper money.

A

Daniel Shays

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5
Q

In a meeting in 1786, Alexander Hamilton asked the states to send delegates to meet one year later in Philadelphia to change the Articles of Confederation.

A

Annapolis Convention

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6
Q

In 1787, this was the name given to the meeting in Philadelphia for the purpose of creating a constitution that could raise an army, collect taxes, and regulate commerce.

A

Constitutional Convention

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7
Q

Who is considered the “Father of the Constitution?”

A

James Madison

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8
Q

This is known as the division of powers between the legislative, judicial, and executive branches of the our government.

A

Separation of Powers

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9
Q

This is a system in which each branch of government can check the power of the other branches.

A

Checks and Balances

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10
Q

This government position must enforce laws, can veto acts of Congress, serves a 4 year term, and originally had no term limit.

A

President

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11
Q

This body of government makes laws.

A

Congress

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12
Q

Did the U.S. Constitution allow slavery?

A

Yes

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13
Q

This was the system in which the president would be chosen by electors, not voters. Its purpose was to safeguard against direct popular vote. Founders feared mob rule.

A

Electoral College

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14
Q

The U.S. Constitution contains rules to remove the president, which is referred to as what?

A

Impeachment

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15
Q

This is the division of power between the federal and state governments.

A

Federalism

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16
Q

This compromise created a bicameral legislature (two houses). The New Jersey Plan and the Virginia Plan would both be used to form the legislative branch.

A

Great Compromise

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17
Q

Which house is based on equal representation and are elected by state legislatures?

A

Senate

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18
Q

Which house is based on population and are voted on by citizens?

A

House of Representatives

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19
Q

This compromise allowed for slaves to be counted for the purpose of representation and taxation.

A

3/5 Compromise

20
Q

This compromise allowed for Congress to place tariffs (taxes) on imports, but not on exports.

A

Commercial Compromise

21
Q

This clause in the U.S. Constitution is an ambiguous and vague power for the federal government. It states, “Congress can do what’s proper and necessary.”

A

Elastic Clause (Implied Powers)

22
Q

Which branch of government has the power to tax, regulate commerce, declare war, raise an army? This branch is also made up of a bicameral legislature: Senate and House of Representatives.

A

Legislative Branch

23
Q

Which branch contains the Commander in Chief, carries out laws, makes treaties with consent, and appoints judges?

A

Executive Branch

24
Q

Which branch contains the Supreme Court?

A

Judicial Branch

25
Q

The U.S. Constitution can be amended. What does amend mean?

A

Change

26
Q

Between 1787-1788, the debates between these two groups over the ratification of the U.S. Constitution would give rise to the two-party system?

A

Federalists vs. Antifederalists

27
Q

This group supported the Constitution and a strong central government.

A

Federalists

28
Q

This group feared a strong central government.

A

Antifederalists

29
Q

Name a few of the concerns of the Antifederalists concerning the Constitution.

A

Government would become tyrannical, President would be too powerful, Congress will levy heavy taxes, A standing army, Overpower individual states, Violate individual rights

30
Q

Between 1787-1788, these essays were written by Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay to persuade states to support the ratification of the Constitution.

A

Federalist Papers

31
Q

The Antifederalists finally agreed to support the ratification of the U.S. Constitution after the Federalists promised to add what?

A

Bill of Rights

32
Q

These first ten amendments protected basic American freedoms.

A

Bill of Rights

33
Q

Which amendment protects freedom of religion, speech, press, rights of assembly and petition?

A

1st Amendment

34
Q

Which amendment prohibits the quartering of troops?

A

3rd Amendment

35
Q

Which amendment protects the right to bear arms?

A

2nd Amendment

36
Q

Which amendment states that citizens can not be deprived of life, liberty, property?

A

5th Amendment

37
Q

Which amendment protects against illegal search and seizure?

A

4th Amendment

38
Q

Which amendment prohibits excessive fines and cruel and unusual punishment?

A

8th Amendment

39
Q

Which amendment provides for the right to a speedy and fair trial?

A

6th Amendment

40
Q

Which amendment guarantees trial by jury?

A

7th Amendment

41
Q

Which amendment states that rights are not limited to what is written?

A

9th Amendment

42
Q

Which amendment states the powers not delegated to the U.S. are reserved to the states? (States Rights)

A

10th Amendment

43
Q

This term refers to the belief that government should be based on the consent of the people.

A

Republican Government/Republicanism

44
Q

In what year was the U.S. Constitution ratified?

A

1789

45
Q

In what year was the Bill of Rights ratified?

A

1791