Critical Reasoning Flashcards
(21 cards)
When I see two or more claims in an argument
I will use the “therefore test” to figure out which claim is the conclusion.
When I “plan type” assumption question I will think
about what will go wrong with that plan.
“because of”
premise signal word
“since”
premise signal word
“due to”
premise signal word (caution of fakeouts)
“as a result of”
premise signal word (caution of fakeouts)
“therefore”
conclusion signal work (caution of fakeouts)
“thus”
conclusion signal work (caution of fakeouts)
“so”
conclusion signal work (caution of fakeouts)
“consequently”
conclusion signal work (caution of fakeouts)
although
counterpoint signal work (can be on either side of word)
“though”
counterpoint signal work (can be on either side of word)
“however”
counterpoint signal work (can be on either side of word)
“yet”
counterpoint signal work (can be on either side of word)
“but”
counterpoint signal work (can be on either side of word)
Therefore Test
Try “[CLAIM A] therefore [CLAIM B]” and vice versa to find final conclusion.
For “causation aruments” correct answer often…
relate to potential other causes for the observed result.
+
Consider what else caused result
For “plan aruments” the plan must…
work as expected to achieve its aim.
In order for a “prediction type” argument to come true,
no other circumstances can intervene that might work against the prediction
“Profit” arguments will often
Discuss only one element of Revenu or Cost
+
The answer choices will involve the other element
