Crop Production and Management

Question 1

In order to provide food for a large population we need _________

Answer 1

1. Regular production
2. Proper management
3. Distribution

Question 2

How was Agriculture introduced or born ?

Answer 2

Till 10,1000 B.C.E. people were nomadic. They were wandering from place to place in search of food and shelter. They ate raw fruits and vegetables and hunted animals for food. Later they found that they could cultivate land and produce crops like rice, wheat etc.
This is how agriculture was born

Question 3

What is crop ?

Answer 3

When plants of the same kind are cultivated in one place on a large scale is called a crop

Question 4

What is Kharif Crops?

Answer 4

The crops which are grown in the rainy season

Question 5

Name a few kharif crops.

Answer 5

paddy, maize, groundnut, cotton, soyabean

Question 6

What is rabi crops

Answer 6

The crops that are grown in winter season

Question 7

Name few rabi crops

Answer 7

linseed, pea, mustard, wheat, gram

Question 8

Why paddy cannot be grown in the rainy season

Answer 8

Paddy requires lot of water

Question 9

What are the agriculture practice

Answer 9

1. Preparation of soil
2. Sowing
3. Adding manure and fertilisers
4. Irrigation
5. Protecting from weeds
6. Harvesting
7. Storage

Question 10

Why do we need to loosen the soil

Answer 10

We are loosening the soil because:-
- this allows roots to penetrate deep inside into the soil
- It also helps to allow the root to breathe easily
- It helps in the growth of earthworms and microbes
- Brings the nutrient-rich soil to the top so that plants can use these nutrients

Question 11

___________________ is the first step before growing the soil

Answer 11

Preparation of soil

Question 12

the process of loosening and turning of the soil is called ___________ or ____________ .

Answer 12

tilling or ploughing

Question 13

_____________ the field is beneficial for sowing and irrigation

Answer 13

Levelling

Question 14

Levelling is done by _______

Answer 14

leveller

Question 15

What are the three main tools used for ploughing ?

Answer 15

Plough, hoe, cultivator

Question 16

Which tool was used since ancient times for tilling the soil

Answer 16

Plough

Question 17

Plough contains a triangular iron strip called ?

Answer 17

ploughshare

Question 18

What is the main part of the plough

Answer 18

plough shaft ( a long log of wood)

Question 19

PLOUGHSHAFT ?

Answer 19

it is a long log of wood
there is a handle at one end of the shaft
the other end is attached to beam which is placed on bull’s neck

Question 20

Describe how hoe works like.

Answer 20

a strong, broad, and bent plate of iron is fixed to one of its ends and works like a blade. It is pulled by animals

Question 21

Before sowing what should be done

Answer 21

Before sowing, we need to check whether they are good, clean, and healthy seed

Question 22

Is damaged seed lighter or heavier

Answer 22

lighter

Question 23

Explain how the traditional tool of sowing works.

Answer 23

-It is shaped like a funnel
-The seeds are filled into the funnel
-Then the seeds passed down through two or three pipes
-These pipes have sharp ends
-These sharp-end pierce into the soil and place seeds there

Question 24

Why is sowing important

Answer 24

Because sowing helps to get sufficient sunlight, nutrients and water from the soil

Question 25

What is manure and fertilizers ?

Answer 25

The substances which are added to the soil in the form of nutrients for healthy growing plants are called manure and fertilizers

Question 26

What is manuring?

Answer 26

The process of adding manure to soil to replenish is called manuring

Question 27

What is manure ?

Answer 27

Manure is an organic substance obtained from the decomposition of plants and animal waste

Question 28

Name few fertilizers

Answer 28

urea NPK (Nitrogen Phosphorous Potassium ) ammonium sulphate potash super phosphate

Question 29

Name some disadvantaged of fertilisers

Answer 29

- if we use excessive amounts of fertilizers, the soil will become less fertile - it became a source of water pollution

Question 30

What is crop rotation ?

Answer 30

Cultivating the different crops alternately

Question 31

Differentiate between manure and fertilizers

Answer 31

1. Fertiliser is man-made organic whereas, manure is a natural substance 2. Fertiliser is prepared in factories whereas, manure is prepared in the fields 3, Fertilizer does not provide any humus to the soil whereas, manure provides a lot of humus to the soil 4. Fertilisers are very rich in plant nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium whereas, manure is less rich in plant nutrients

Question 32

Write some Advantages of Manure.

Answer 32

- It enhances the water-holding capacity of the soil - It makes the soil porous due to which the exchange of gasses becomes easy - It increases the number of friendly microbes - It improves the texture of the soil

Question 33

Water protects the crop from _______ and ________ currents

Answer 33

frost and hot air currents

Question 34

Define irrigation

Answer 34

The supply of water to the plants at regular intervals is called irrigation

Question 35

Name some sourced of irrigation

Answer 35

tubewells, wells, ponds, lakes, rivers, dams and canals

Question 36

What are the two methods of irrigation

Answer 36

1. Sprinkler system 2. Drip system

Question 37

Write some points about Sprinkler systems

Answer 37

- This system is more useful on even land where sufficient water is not available - The perpendicular pipes, having rotating nozzles on top are joined to the main pipe - When water is allowed to pass through the main pipe under the pressure It escapes from the rotating nozzle - Then it is sprinkled to plants

Question 38

Write some points about the drip system

Answer 38

in this system, water falls drop by drop near the roots