Crossword

Question 1

The characteristic in an MRP system when minor changes in higher level
(e.g., level 0 or 1) records or the master production schedule cause
significant timing or quantity changes in lower level (e.g., level 5 or 6)
schedules and orders

Answer 1

nervousness

Question 2

If you are this you have the ability to successfully manufacture and market
a broad range of low-cost, high-quality products and services with short lead
times and varying volumes that provide enhanced value to customers
through customization. This merges the four distinctive competencies of
cost, quality, dependability, and flexibility

Answer 2

agile

Question 3

This is composed of customer orders (and often allocations of items,
ingredients, or raw materials to production or distribution). This nets
against or “consumes” the forecast, depending upon the rules chosen over a
time horizon. For example, this will totally replace forecast inside the soldout customer order backlog horizon (often called the demand time fence)
but will net against the forecast outside this horizon based on the chosen
forecast consumption rule.

Answer 3

actual demand

Question 4

A priority rule that sequences the jobs in a queue according to which order
needs to be delivered first.

Answer 4

earliest due date

Question 5

The function of determining the need to replenish inventory at branch
warehouses. A time-phased order point approach is used where the planned
orders at the branch warehouse level are “exploded” via to become gross
requirements on the supplying source. In the case of multilevel networks,
this explosion process can continue down through the various levels of
regional warehouses (master warehouse, factory warehouse, etc.) and
become input to the master production schedule

Answer 5

distribution requirements planing

Question 6

Can be represented by overproduction, waiting, transportation, processing,
motion, inventory, and/or defective units.

Answer 6

muda

Question 7

A means of improving supply chain performance in which the supplier has
access to the customer’s inventory data and is responsible for maintaining
the inventory level required by the customer

Answer 7

vendor managed inventory

Question 8

A listing of all the subassemblies, intermediates, parts, and raw materials
that go into a parent assembly showing the quantity of each required to
make an assembly. It is used in conjunction with the master production
schedule to determine the items for which purchase requisitions and
production orders must be released. It may also be called the formula,
recipe, or ingredients list in certain process industries.

Answer 8

bill of material

Question 9

The uncommitted portion of a company’s inventory and planned production
maintained in the master schedule to support customer order promising. Its
quantity is the uncommitted inventory balance in the first period and is
normally calculated for each period in which an MPS receipt is scheduled.

Answer 9

available to promise

Question 10

An allocation of the original value of an asset against current income to
represent the declining value of the asset as a cost of that time period. It
does not involve a cash payment. It acts as a tax shield and thereby reduces
the tax payment.

Answer 10

depreciation

Question 11

Keeps the workplace tidy with regulations and rules.

Answer 11

5s

Question 12

A sequencing method used in Lean Production. The main goal is to establish
a final assembly sequence in the assembly line with an ideal in-flow of
components.

Answer 12

mixed model scheduling

Question 13

A form of independent demand item management model in which an order
for a fixed quantity, Q, is placed whenever stock on hand plus on order
reaches a predetermined level. The level is large enough to cover the
maximum expected demand during the replenishment lead time.

Answer 13

reorder point system

Question 14

The capability of a worker, machine, work center, plant, or organization to
produce output per time period.

Answer 14

capacity

Question 15

A network planning technique for the analysis of a project’s completion time
used for planning and controlling the activities in a project

Answer 15

critical path method

Question 16

An artificial grouping of items that facilitates planning and describes
the division of end products in a product family. It is a type of planning
bill that is arranged in product modules or options. It is often used in
companies where the product has many optional features. The bill of
material is arranged in this way

Answer 16

pseudo structure

Question 17

A technique in Lean Production where all material is subtracted from
inventory, not when it is used for production, but when the end product
is delivered.

Answer 17

backflushing

Question 18

Keeping a product as long as possible in a generic state

Answer 18

postponement

Question 19

The average amount of cash that would be provided in taking an action
an infinite number of times. This is calculated by multiplying the
outcome of the action by the probability of achieving the outcome

Answer 19

expected monetary value

Question 20

The function of establishing, measuring, and adjusting limits or levels
of capacity. The term refers to the process of determining in detail the
amount of labor and machine resources needed to accomplish the tasks
of production.

Answer 20

capacity requirements planning

Question 21

Marks a boundary inside of which changes to the schedule may
adversely affect component schedules, capacity plans, customer
deliveries, and cost.

Answer 21

planning time fence

Question 22

In the Just-in-Time philosophy, an approach to level production
throughout the supply chain to match the planned rate of end product
sales.

Answer 22

heijunka

Question 23

An arrangement that reads the inventory level at two times per
replenishment cycle.

Answer 23

double reorder point system

Question 24

This is used when the material or products are available in more places
than just one inventory. It is the sum of the planned or released
production orders not yet sold in the distribution network

Answer 24

consolidated atp

Question 25

An electronic board that provides visibility of floor status and supplies information to help coordinate the efforts to linked work centers. Signal lights are green (running), red (stop), and yellow (needs attention). It is a visual signaling system.

Answer 25

andon

Question 26

When small changes in higher levels of the planning hierarchy (MPSlevel) is amplified to lager changes in underlying levels.

Answer 26

nervousness in mrp

Question 27

In the critical path method of project management, the “best possible time” at which a given activity is estimated to be completed.

Answer 27

early finish

Question 28

A method of investment analysis in which future money are converted, to their value at the present time. The net present value of an item is estimated to be the sum of all such future money amounts

Answer 28

discounted cash flow

Question 29

A type of lot sizing model that determines the amount of an item to be purchased or manufactured at the moment. The intent is to minimize the combined costs of acquiring and carrying inventory.

Answer 29

economic order quantity

Question 30

The debts owed by a company and expected to be paid within 12 months.

Answer 30

current liabilities

Question 31

A safety mechanism that allows orders to be finished before they are really needed.

Answer 31

safety lead time

Question 32

The amount of time a plan extends into the future.

Answer 32

planning horizon

Question 33

The Japanese term for improvement; continuing improvement involving everyone—managers and workers. In manufacturing, it relates to finding and eliminating waste in machinery, labor, or production methods.

Answer 33

kaizen

Question 34

A facility, function, department, or resource whose capacity is less than the demand placed upon it

Answer 34

bottleneck

Question 35

A lot-sizing technique in MRP or inventory management that will always cause planned or actual orders to be generated for a predetermined quantity, or multiples thereof, if net requirements for the period exceed this quantity.

Answer 35

fixed order quantity

Question 36

A planning technique on the detailed level that balance planned working hours with performed working hours.

Answer 36

input output control

Question 37

could be frozen

Answer 37

time zones

Question 38

adds different kinds of buffers to the planning system

Answer 38

safety mechanisms

Question 39

Mistake-proofing techniques, such as manufacturing or setup activity designed in a way to prevent an error from resulting in a product defect. For example, in an assembly operation, if each correct part is not used, a sensing device detects that a part was unused and shuts down the operation, thereby preventing the assembler from moving the incomplete part to the next station or beginning another operation.

Answer 39

poka yoke

Question 40

In industrial engineering (1), it is the time between completion of two discrete units of production. In materials management (2), it refers to the length of time from when material enters a production facility until it exits.

Answer 40

cycle time

Question 41

A pull-type decentralized control mechanism with information about batch size, material carrier, and process and set-up times.

Answer 41

kanban

Question 42

The cost of maintaining a certain amount invested for a certain period, normally one year. This cost is normally expressed as a percentage and may be based on factors such as the average expected return on alternative investments and current bank interest rate for borrowing.

Answer 42

cost of capital

Question 43

An accounting/financial term (balance sheet classification of accounts) representing the short-term resources owned by a company, including cash, accounts receivable, and inventories.

Answer 43

current assets

Question 44

The net flow of any currency into or out of the proposed project. The algebraic sum, in any time period, of all money receipts, expenses, and investments.

Answer 44

cash flow

Question 45

In activity-on-arrow diagramming, an activity with zero duration used to express a precedence relationship that can’t otherwise be diagrammed. It is shown graphically with a dashed arrow.

Answer 45

dummy activity

Question 46

Sets the pace of production to match the rate of customer demand.

Answer 46

takt time

Question 47

A production environment where a good or service can be put together after receipt of a customer’s order. The key components (bulk, semifinished, intermediate, fabricated, purchased, packing, and so on) used in this process are planned and usually stocked in anticipation of a customer order. Receipt of an order initiates the process of the customized product.

Answer 47

assemble to order

Question 48

To set an exact order, amongst production orders that queue before a resource.

Answer 48

sequencing

Question 49

To determine the amount of produced items based on the need per time unit. Produce to cover the same time period.

Answer 49

cover time planning

Question 50

A dispatching rule that calculates a priority index number by dividing the time to due date remaining by the expected elapsed time to finish the job.

Answer 50

critical ratio

Question 51

In production, the production of items at times required by a given schedule planned in advance. 2) In material control, the issuing of material according to a given schedule or issuing material to a job order at its start time. 3) In distribution, a system for replenishing field warehouse inventories where replenishment decision making is centralized, usually at the manufacturing site or central supply facility.

Answer 51

push system

Question 52

The process of reducing predictions of customer orders or other types of actual demands as they are received. The adjustments yield the value of the remaining predictions for each period.

Answer 52

consumption of forecast

Question 53

A good’s or service’s nonfulfillment of an intended requirement or reasonable expectation for use, including safety considerations. There are four classes of ____: Class 1, Very Serious, leads directly to severe injury or catastrophic economic loss; Class 2, Serious, leads directly to significant injury or significant economic loss; Class 3, Major, is related to major problems with respect to intended normal or reasonably foreseeable use; and Class 4, Minor, is related to minor problems with respect to intended normal or reasonably foreseeable use.

Answer 53

defect

Question 54

A listing of the required facility capabilities and key resources needed to manufacture one unit of a selected item or family. Rough planning in such topic, uses these lists to calculate the approximate requirements for the master production schedule.

Answer 54

bill of capacity

Question 55

That point in time inside of which the forecast is no longer included in total demand and projected available inventory calculations; inside this point, only customer orders are considered. Beyond this point, total demand is a combination of actual orders and forecasts, depending on the forecast consumption technique chosen.

Answer 55

demand time fence

Question 56

A lot-sizing technique under which the lot size is equal to the net requirements for a given number of periods (e.g., weeks into the future)

Answer 56

periodic order quantity

Question 57

The fishbone diagram. Shows cause and effects in a root cause analysis.

Answer 57

ichikawa

Question 58

An amount equal to the difference between sales revenue and variable costs

Answer 58

contribution margin

Question 59

Indicates that you may need more protective capacity

Answer 59

red zone

Question 60

Production based on a plan

Answer 60

push

Question 61

A number corresponding to where a certain component is found in a BOM

Answer 61

low level code

Question 62

A production environment where a good or service can be put together after receipt of a customer’s order. The key components (bulk, semifinished, intermediate, fabricated, purchased, packing, and so on) used in this process are planned and usually stocked in anticipation of a customer order. Receipt of an order initiates the process of the customized product.

Answer 62

assembly to order

Question 63

Technique used in Rough-Cut Capacity Planning (RCCP) to calculate the capacity requirement according to the master plans.

Answer 63

coating key