Crown, parliament, plots and court life Flashcards
What year was the English Civil War fought? Who fought it?
1642-48. Fought between the Royalists + Parliamentarians
What was the Divine Right of Kings?
The belief that the monarch was chosen by God to to be King, therefore he should make his own decisions.
Who won the civil war?
Parliamentarian forces
In what year was Charles I executed?
1649
What was a rump parliament?
It consisted of the remaining MPs who were governing England when it became a Commonwealth.
In what year was Parliament disbanded?
1653
What title did Oliver Cromwell give himself to rule over the Protectorate?
Lord Protector
What years did Charles II spend in exile?
1646-60
What year did Oliver Cromwell die? What happened to his body?
Died in 1658. He was buried normally however, when Charles 11 became King his body was dug out of his grave; head was executed from body and displayed.
What year did the restoration of the monarchy take place?
1660
What was the Long Parliament?
Consisted of MPs who had been forced out in 1648. Many of them accepted the idea of a monarchy.
When did Charles II reign from?
It was backdated to 1649; when his father was executed
What was the Declaration of Breda?
Consisted of promises Charles made in order for him to be able to return.
What was the Act of Indemnity and Oblivion?
A law that promised those who fought against Charles 1 would not be prosecuted.
What is a regicide?
A person who played a key part in Charles 1 trial and execution who was then arrested and put to death.
What three problems did Charles II face when he was restored to the throne?
The fact that there were religious +political divisions in the country. Also, Parliament was now more powerful than it had previously been therefore Charles 11 was forced to listen/take its advice. Money/religion/foreign policy.
What was the Convention Parliament? What year was it?
A split between Royalists + Parliamentarians. Ran from 1660-61
What was the Clarendon Ministry? What years?
New gov ran by Lord Clarendon
What was the Triennial Act? What year was it passed?
What is ‘Cabal’?
What was the Danby ministry?
Who were the Whigs?
Who were the Tories?
What were the Exclusion Parliaments?
Who was the Earl of Clarendon?
Who was the Earl of Danby?
Who was James, Duke of York?
What kind of things contributed to economic problems?
Give two examples of unpopular tax.
Give an example of a Conformist.
Give examples of non-conformists.
What was the Declaration of Indulgence? What year?
What was the Clarendon Code?
What was the second Declaration of Indulgence and what happened to it?
In what year were the Dutch victorious in the Battle of Medway?
When and what was the Treaty of Dover?
In what year did James, Duke of York become Catholic? Why was this a worry?
Why was France posing a threat of Catholicism?
What happened in August 1678?
What and when was the Popish Plot?
What and when was the Rye House Plot?
Who was Titus Oates?
Why was there a succession problem?
When and what was the First Exclusion Bill?
When was the Second Exclusion Parliament held?
When did the Third Exclusion Parliament meet? What did it say?
Who was Lord Shaftesbury?
What years did Charles rule without parliament ?
Who might succeed Charles II on the throne?
What was Charles II nickname?
What had life been like during the Interregnum years?
Why was Charles II’s nickname ‘the Merry Monach’
What does patronage mean?
Give examples of the Kings ministers
What is a rake?
Who was Catherine of Braganza
Where was the centre for court affairs?
What does Baroque mean?
How was Charles a leader in fashion?
Why did Charles image matter? What did he do to create a good image of himself?
When was the Great Plague of 1665?
What was the bubonic plague ?
What was a bill of mortality?
What did people believe caused the plague in 1665?
What sort of measures were put in place to combat the plague?
What effects did the plague have on the population?
What effect did the plague have on the economy?
What effect did the plague have on medical ideas?
