crude oil and fuels Flashcards
(27 cards)
What is crude oil?
Crude oil is a natural, unrefined petroleum product composed of hydrocarbon deposits and other organic materials.
True or False: Crude oil is a renewable resource.
False
Fill in the blank: Crude oil undergoes ________ to produce various fuels.
fractional distillation
What are the main substances obtained from crude oil?
The main fractions are gases, gasoline, kerosene, diesel, and heavy fuel oil.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is the lightest fraction obtained from crude oil? A) Diesel B) Gasoline C) Heavy fuel oil
B) Gasoline
What is the primary use of kerosene?
Kerosene is primarily used as a fuel for jet engines and heating.
True or False: The viscosity of a crude oil fraction increases with increasing molecular weight.
True
What is the environmental impact of burning fossil fuels?
Burning fossil fuels releases greenhouse gases, contributing to climate change and air pollution.
Fill in the blank: The process of converting crude oil into useful products is called ________.
refining
What is the main component of natural gas?
The main component of natural gas is methane (CH4).
how is crude oil formed ?
remains of organisms that were formed millions of years ago mainly plankton with was buried in mud
what are the 4 alkanes
methane
ethane
propane
butane
What is the general formula for alkanes?
CnH2n+2
True or False: Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons.
True
What is the simplest alkane?
Methane (CH4)
Fill in the blank: The alkane with 5 carbon atoms is called ______.
Pentane
Which of the following is an alkane? A) Ethylene B) Propane C) Acetylene
B) Propane
What type of bonding is present in alkanes?
Single covalent bonds
How many hydrogen atoms are in butane (C4H10)?
10
True or False: Alkanes can participate in addition reactions.
False
What is the state of alkanes with 1 to 4 carbon atoms at room temperature?
Gaseous
Describe the boiling point trend of alkanes as the number of carbon atoms increases.
The boiling point increases with the number of carbon atoms.
how do you separate crude oil
heat the mixture vapours form and go into its separate columns
highest boiling point at the bottom lowest boiling point at the top
what are properties of large chain hydrocarbons
high viscosity
boiling points above room temp
