Crude Oil And Fuels Flashcards
(26 cards)
What is the process called that separates Crude Oil?
Fractional Distillation.
What are the 2 main products formed when a fuel burns?
Carbon Dioxide and Water
What do sulphur impurities form when a fuel burns?
Sulphur Dioxide.
What causes acid rain?
Sulphur Dioxide.
What are biofuels?
Renewable sources of energy produced from plants.
Name something that can be made into a biofuel?
Vegetable oils.
What is a hydrocarbon?
A molecule made from carbon and hydrogen only.
What affects the properties of the fractions in crude oil?
The size of the hydrocarbon molecules.
What poisonous gas is formed when a fuel burns with little oxygen?
Carbon Monoxide.
What are particulates?
Bits of carbon (soot) and unburnt fuel.
What fuels are likely to form particulates?
Diesel.
What 2 kinds of gases can form acid rain?
Sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides.
Name a greenhouse gas formed from burning a fuel?
Carbon dioxide.
Why is carbon dioxide a greenhouse
Gas?
It absorbed energy lost from the earth’s surface.
What are Alkanes?
Saturated hydrocarbon molecules.
What does saturated mean for a hydrocarbon molecule?
They contain as many hydrogen atoms as possible.
Why kind of fractions make good fuels?
Lighter fractions.
What properties make good fuel?
Easy to light, burn well, burn cleanly (no smoke).
How are nitrogen oxides formed when a fuel burns?
High temperatures in the engine make nitrogen from the air react with oxygen.
What problems are caused by nitrogen oxides?
Breathing problems and acid rain.
How can pollution problems be reduced?
Removing the pollutant gases as they form.
How can you prevent sulphur dioxide being formed?
Removing sulphur from the fuel before it is burned.
How can ethanol be made?
By fermenting the sugar in plants.
What can ethanol be used for?
As a fuel.
